!
52 FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND.
as tbe character of Edwardsia, then the Sandwicli Islands and East Indian Edwardsire must be transferred to >
Besides, Edwardsia Chilensis (or Sophora macrocarpa) differs from the other Edwardsia in the turbinate base of the
calyx. G. Bentham, MSS.
A middling-sized tree, with copious racemes of large golden blossoms, and long pinnated leaves; very variable iu
size of flowers, foliage, and fru it; more or less pilose or tomentose, with often rusty pubescence. Branches and racemes
densely pubescent, silky, tomentose. Racemes six- to eight-flowered. Peduncle 1 inch long; pedicels ^ -1 inch.
Laves inches long, imparipinnate; petiole silky, with red-brown h airs; pinnules 2 0-40 pair, 2 -8 lines long,
linear, oblong or obovate, rounded or notched at the apex, silky below. Flotoers pendulous. Calyx hemispherical,
truncate, five-toothed. Petals 1 inch long, or more. Standard very broad, nearly horizontal, margins rounded, rather
shorter than the wings, which are linear-oblong, blunt, suddenly contracted into a short claw at the base; keel longer
than the wings, linear-oblong, falcate, rather acute, subauriculate at the base. Stamens all free. Ova7y densely silky,
very narrow, linear, gradually attenuated into a long style, stipitate. Pods 2 -8 inches long, stipitate, constricted,
six- to ten-seeded, four-winged, almost indeliiscent. Seeds red-brown, as large as tares. (Named in honour of
Sydenham Edwards, a famous botanical painter.)
Prodr. Sophora te trap tera, Ourtis, Bot.
. BC . Prodr. Bot. Mag. t. 14 4 2 . A . Rich.
•: t. 2 6 9 . Lamarck, etc.
1. Edwardsia grandiflora, Salisb. BC . Prodr. A . <
3fag. t. 167.
\as:. ¡3. microphylla ; foliolis parvis. E . microphylla, a!
Flora. A. Cunn. Prodr. Sophora microphylla, Jacg. Ho)'t. t
H a b . Thro u g h o u t th e Islan d s, abundant. B a n k s a n d Solander, etc. El. November. N a t. name,
"K ow h a i,” Cunn. (Cultivated in England.)
The following notes upon this widely distributed plant have been kindly supplied to me by Mr. Bentham, who
has most carefully examined aU my specimens.
“ I cannot find any character to distinguish the New Zealand Edwardsia from each other, even as varieties: the
leaves oblong, obovate, or nearly orbicular, 6-8 lines or scarcely 2 lines long, very hairy on both sides, or more or less
smooth above, show every gradation from tbe one to the other; so that I have in vain attempted to sort your specimens
into varieties, without making one for almost every specimen. Without the fruit, they are readily distinguished
from the Sophora macrocarpa, by the short vexillum, and the calyx rounded, not turbinate at tbe base. The lower
petals vaiy in breadth, and the keel petals from very blunt to sharply acuminate.
“ The South Chilian Edwardsia microphylla agrees precisely in foliage and fmit with some of the New Zealand
specimens with middle-sized leaves. You seem to have no good flowers of this. In one specimen with three flowers
the vexillum appears to be nearly if not quite equal to the other p etals; but it is scarcely in full flower, aud one cannot
well judge. Can this be the E. Macnabiana, Grab, in Bot. Mag. t. 3735, said also to have the vexillum equal to the
petals? but figured with oblong, not obovate leaflets. Unless this character can be ascertained with certainty, the
Valdma, Chdoe, and Juan Fernandez plant must be considered as E. grandiflora. E.chrysophylla, and an unpublished
smaller-flowered species from the Sandwich Islands, E. mollis, and E. Maderaspatana, from East India, differ
from E.grandiflora in their refiexed vexillum, stamens included in the keel, etc. Wight’s artist, in drawing t. 1034
(of ‘ leones Plantamm Indiee Orientahs ’), has probably represented the fruit only of Edwardsia Maderaspatana,
with the flowering branch of Sophora glauca. I am unacquainted with E.parvifolia, Wight, from China, and with
the two Mamitius species described by De Candolle.” G. Bentham.
N a t . O r d . XXIV. ROSACEriE, Juss.
Gen. I . RU BUS , L .
Flores hermaphroditi v. dioici. Calyx explanatus, persistens, 5-lobus. Pe ta la 5 - 7 , calyce inserta.
00, cum petalis inserta. Ovaria plerumque 00, receptáculo inserta, 1-locularia, loculis 1 -2 -
ovula tis; stylo brevi, filiformi; stigmate subcapitato. B r u p a succosse, receptáculo subcarnoso v. spongioso
baccatim congest®.
One Bramble alone has hitherto been found in New Zealand, and it is, perhaps, the largest species of a genus
which abounds in the North Temperate zone, and in the mountains of the Tropics, but is comparatively very rare in
the southern hemisphere. The R. australis climbs the loftiest trees, often with Lygodiurn, presenting an impervious
screen of round usually unarmed stems, and prickly leaves and panicles.—The leaves are extremely variable in size
and form, teníate, quinate, or pinna te; the leaflets broadly ovate or linear-lanceolate, sharp, coriaceous, shining
above, smooth or pubescent or even tomentose below, sen’ate, generally cordate at the base, 2-5 inches long, the
petioles and midrib below usually bearing recurved prickles. Panicles branching, very many-flowered, terminal or
axillary, 3 -8 inches long, smooth or downy, unarmed or prickly. Flowers small, unisexual, whitish, inch across;
pedicels pubescent. Calyx flat, downy, rarely smooth, five-lobed. Petals five to seven, rounded. Stamens very
numerous, in one series, as long as the petals, usually absent in the female flowers, as are ovaries in the male.
Ovaries numerous, twenty to thirty, seated on a spongy receptacle, with short styles and subcapitate stigmas.
Fruit a small berry, smaller than a wild raspberry, formed of the numerous carpels, which become one-seeded drupes
when rip e ; it is then yellowish, and of a sweetish but austere taste. (Named from the Celtic rub, the root of rubella,
red, from the colour of the fru it; and according to others, from reuh, also Celtic, to tear, fi’om the prickly stems.)
1. Rubus awífraAí, F o r s t.; a lte scandens, ramis te retib u s inermibus v. rariu s aculeatis, foliis coriaceis
3 -5 -n a tis v. pinuatis, pinnis 2-jugis cum impari, petiolis costisque aculeatis, foliolis petiolatis basi cordatis
ovatis V. bneari-lanceolatis obtusis acuminatisve serratis coriaceis superne lucidis venosis su b tu s g laberrimis
V. pubescentibus, panicuRs ramosis multifloris, floribus dioicis. T a b . X IV .
a. glaber; foliolis 3 -5 -n a tis , pedunculis ramuRsque pubescenti-tomentosis. R. australis, Forst.
Prod)'. B e Candolle. A . Rich. A . Ounn. Prodr.
Yar. /3. schmidelioides; folioRs 3 -5 -n a tis subtus ramulis paniculisque pubescenti-tomentosis. R.
schmideRoides, A . Ounn. Prodr.
Var. 7 . cissioides; glaberrimus, folioRs 3 -5 -n a tis glaberrimis eRiptico- v. lineari-lanceolatis. R. cis-
sioides, A. Cunn. Prodr.
ILxb. N o rth e rn and Middle Is la n d s ; very abundant, especially on th e sk irts of forests. B a n k s and
Solander, Forster, etc. F l. August, December. N a t. name, "T a ta ram o a ,” Ounn. (Cultivated in England.)
I am quite unable to distinguish the above varieties specificaRy, and, indeed, as varieties they present very inconstant
characters.— P late XIV. Fig. 1 , male, and 2 , female flowers.
Gen. I I . PO T E N T IL L A , L .
concavus, v a lv a tu s ; limbo explanato, 4 -5 -p a rtito , extus 4 -5 -b ra c teo la to . 4 - 5 , calyce
inserta. 00, cum petalis inserta. A c h o d a iplmima, sicca, receptáculo piloso sessilia; stylo la te ra li;
stigmate simplici.
This again is a veiy large Em-opean genus, of herbaceous or half-shrubby p lan ts; especiaRy abounding in the
mountainous districts of the northern temperate aud sub-tropical regions, but almost imknown in the southern, except
thiough the present plant, the common Silver-weed of England, which is quite a cosmopolite, extending from the la titude
of 75° north to 56° so u th ; varying, however, considerably in size. I t forms a stemless herbaceous plant, giving
off long runners from the root, and numerous pinnated leaves, which, as also the stems, are covered with long, shining,
silky, often shaggy hair underneath, or on both surfaces. Leaves 3 -6 inches long, unequally pinnate, with often
small, tooth-like, scattered pinnules betwen the larger, which are in five to twenty pair, ovate, oblong or rounded,
4-1 inch long, deeply cut. Scapes about as long as the leaves, erect, one-flowered, vRlous. Calyx very silky
N