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One of the most remarkable and beautiful trees in New Zealand, conspicuous, especially when young, for its
pyramidal form, pale green colour, and very long weeping branches. Trunk 80 feet high, 4 -6 in diameter. Wood red,
solid, heavy, exceUent. From the young branches spruce-beer was manufactured by Captain Cook, which proved
an excellent remedy for scurvy. Uaves of two forms ; those on the young weeping branches patent, needle-shaped,
sharp, spreadmg. two Hnes long; those on the older branches shorter, imbricated, blunter. Fruit borne ou short
curved branchlets, solitary, sessüe. Seed surrounded at the base by a cup-shaped disc, whicli is eaten by the
natives,
2. Dacrydium Colensoi, Ho o k . ; frutex v. arbuscula polymorpha, h ab itu varia, foliis laxe v. arete imbricatis
V . und iq u e paten tib u s biformibus, aliis lineari-elongatis obtusis patulis, aliis crassis brevissimis
dense imbnoatis trigonis carinatis, amentis <J sessüibus terminalibus solitariis, antberis paucis obtusis obtuse
carinatis, seminibus parvis lateralibus disco carnoso insidentibus. B o o k : Ic . I I . t. 54.8. Podocarpus ?
biformis, Ic. P l. t. 5 44.
H ab. Mountains of tb e N o rth e rn and Middle Islan d s. Dusky Bay, Menzies. Tongariro and Eu a -
hiue mountains, Colenso. Mountains around Nelson, elev. 4 0 0 0 -6 0 0 0 feet, B idw ill.
One of the most variable plants m New Zealand, which certainly contains au extraordinary proportion of
singularly Protean plants. In its largest form it attains 13 feet in height, and has long spreading prostrate branches ■
other forms are recUnate or erect, prostrate or creeping. Stems and branches stout and woody, covered below with
small scale-like broad triangular coriaceous leaves. Uaves of many forms ou the same branch, or uniform all
coriaceous, deep-green and polished : those of one kind Hnear, blunt, spreading, inch long, with a stout midrib ;
whüe others are densely imbricated, triangular, bluut, thick, coriaceous, i Hue long, and give the stem a squar!
appearance. Mate catkins tenninal. soUtary, sessüe, of four to six imbricating anthers, consisting of a broad blunt
ovate connectivum, and two locnH at the lower margins. Seeds small, coriaceous, lateral, axUlary. seated on a hori-
zontal cup-shaped resinous disc.
3. Dacrydium la x ifo h um . Hook. fil. ; fruticulus elongatus, gracilis, prostratus, foliis parvis biformibus,
alüs laxe imbricatis patuHs Hnearibus obtusis dorso convexis, aliis (plerisque) imbricatis brevissimis ovati!
obtusis obtuse can n a tis, amentis terminalibus sessüibus soHtarüs, antheris paucis imbricatis obtusis
seminibus parvis terminaUbus ramuHsve brevissimis axillaribus disco carnoso insidentibus. Hook. le . p i
t. 815.
H ab. Mountains of th e N o rth e rn and Middle Islands. Tongariro and mountains of Nelson, elev.
6 0 0 0 -7 0 0 0 feet, Eu ah in e range, C b W . N a t. name, “ E im u ,"
A very remarkable Uttle species, one of the smallest Pines in the world, covering the ground in patches
5-6 feet long. Mr. Bidwill says the natives caU it " Eimu,” the name in common use for young plants of D.
cupressinum, as also for seaweeds and plants assuming this habit, not only throughout New Zealand, but in the
Pacific Islands, whose inhabitants speak kindred tongues with the Maori (I was in error in supposing’ (Ic. Plant.)
that Mr. Bidivül thought this a var. of T>. cupressinum, from his having attached the name of “ Uimu" to it). Stems
slender, woody, prostrate, flexible. Branches very slender, covered with leaves of two forms, each of them like those
of B . Colensoi, but much smaUer; these two forms pass into one another in this plant, which they do not so evidently
in B. Colensoi. Fruit scarlet, terminal or lateral.
Gen. V. PH Y L L O C L iID U S , B r .
rfæcKferf solitaria v. fasciculata. Antheroe x A r iBacrydium. F l . ¥ solitarii v. in conum glomerulumve
carnosum aggregati. Ovarium squamula cyathiformi sessile, solitarium, sæpius pedúnculo carnoso cupuH-
formi immersum. Fructus subbaccatus v. siccus, disco immersus.—Folia in p hyllodia connata.
The “ Celery-leaved Pines” are natives of New Zealand, Tasmania, and the mountains of Borneo ; they form small
trees, with whorled branches, and may be recognized by the foHage, which consists of coriaceous, obovate. toothed
phyUodia, entirely resembling leaves, but which are really formed by the growing together of many of these, as may
be seen by examining seedUng plants, where the true leaves are found to be Hnear. In some species the flowers
grow from out of these phyllodia, proving that they are not simple bodies, but consist in such cases of leaves and
stem combined. Inflorescence and flowers of the same nature as in Bacrydium, except that the flowers of this are often
clustered together, and sunk in fleshy peduncles. (Name from ifiMiov, a leaf, and ¿Uaios, a branch)
1. PbyUocladus irichomanoides, D o n ; arborea, pbyllodiis rhombeis ovatisve basi cuneatis sinuato-lob
atis irreg u lariter eroso-dentatisve lobuHs tru n c atis, amentis masculis terminaUbus fasciculatis, antberis ob tusis,
semine compresso, fl. foem. phyUodHs margiiiaHbus soHtariis. B o n , in lam b . F in . B ieh . Co n if t. 3.
A . Ounn. Prodr. Hook. Ic. P la n t, t. 5 4 9 , 550, 5 5 1 . P . rbomboidaHs, A. R ich . Flora.
H ab. N o rth e rn Is lan d ; n o t unfrequent in woods. Ba n k s a n d Solander, etc. N a t. names, “ Tanekaha ”
n o rth of tb e Thames, and “ Toa T o a ” south of tb a t river. Col. (Cultivated in E n g lan d .)
A slender tree, 60 feet high, of smaU girth, with whorled branches. Wood pale, very close-grained, durable
and good. Bark used for dyeing red. Phyllodia distichous, very coriaceous, 4 -1 inch long, rhomboid or ovate,
toothed or lobed ; the lobes trancate. Female flowers sohtary on the margins of the phyllodia.
2. Phyllocladus alpinus. Hook. fil. ; arbuscula, pbyllodiis obovatis dentatis lobulatisque lobulis erosis,
floribus foemineis in globum carnosum connatis, semine compresso. T ab. L I I I .
H ab. Mountains of th e N o rth e rn an d Middle Islands. Tongariro, B id w ill; Eu ah in e mountains,
etc., Colenso; Nelson, alt. 6 0 0 0 feet, BidwiU.
I have very many specimens of this plant from Mr. Bidwill and Mr. Colenso, and fear it may prove only au
alpine variety of P . irichomanoides. Mr. BidwiU, however, thinks the contrary, judging from habit and appearance,
characters I consider of Uttle importance in the case of alpine forms of variable plants. The whole shrub is smaller
and denser thau the P . trichomanoiies, leaves much smaUer, thicker, and more obtusely lobed. FemaU flowers immersed
in small fleshy capitula or cones at the bases of tlio phyUodia.—P late L III. Fig. I , male, and 3. female
specimens—K«t. size; 3, male and female cones gi-owing close together; 4, male cones; 5. female d itto ; 6, back,
and 7, front of anther ; 8, ripe frait ; 9, longitudinal section of the same -.— all magnified.
C la s s MONOCOTYLEDONES, Jms.
N a t , O r d , LXXXIII. NAIADACEÆ, Juss.
Gen. I . T E IG L O C H IN , I .
Pe rianthium 6-phyUum, deciduum ; foholis concavis, 3 interioribus altius insertis. Stamina 6, brevissima.
Antheræ posticæ, subsessiles. Ovaria 3 -6 , 1-ovulata. S ty lu s brevis. Capsulæ 3 - 6 , evalves ;
seminibus erectis. B r . Prodr.
Herbs growing in watery and marshy places, often near the sea, in various temperate countries. Uaves herbaceous.
iiUform or grassy ; scapes bearing slender spikes or racemes of smaU green flowers. Perianth of six
concave pieces, in two rows, the outer lower than the inner. Stamens three to six, with nearly sessile anthers bursting
outwards. Ovaries three to six, each with one ovule and sessile plumose stigma. Capsules three to six, one-
seeded, indehiscent. (Name from rpsw, three, and a point; from the three points of the fruit.)