5 4 FLOUA OF NEW ZEALAND, \lio sa c e (E .
and villous, five-lobed and five-braeteate. Petals golden-yellow, obovate, i - i incb broad. Stamens very numerous.
Achenia villous, numerous, dry, placed on a dry receptacle, (Named from poUns, powerful; from tbe medioinal
properties attributed to some species.)
1. P otentilla amerina, L ., var. /S. ameritioides; foliolis parvis ro tu n d a tis sessilibus v. petiolatis.
P . ansermoides, S a o id , Choix de P la n tes, p . 28.
H a e . N o rth e rn and Middle Islan d s. E a st coast, Sinclair, Colenso. Nelson, B idw ill. Akaroa, Raoul.
Tbis is a smaller state, with more rounded and petiolate leaflets th.an is usual; but is in these respects variable.
I have specimens from Akaroa. differing in no particidar from tbe European.
f i
Í
Gen. I I I . A C /EN A , Vahl.
Calycis tu b u s oblongus, compressas v. angulatus, lævis v. ecbinatus, angulis sæpissime in aristas glochi-
diatas v. simpbces post anthesin excurrentibus ; fauce contracto. P e ta la 2 - 5 , v. 0, distincta v. basi coalita,
ore calycis inserta. Stamina 2 - 5 . Ooaria 1 -2 , tu b o calycis inclusa, stylo terminal! stigmateque p lu moso
exsertis, 1-Iocularia, 1-ovulata. Achenium calyce in d u ra to in d u tum ; pericarpio coriáceo v. membranáceo.
Herbs, with woody stems, almost peculiar to the Southern Temperate zone, where they represent the closely
aUied genus Sanguisorba of the northern hemisphere. A few species are found on the tropical mountains of
America; and others advance as far south as Cape Horn. Lord Auckland’s Group, and Kerguelen’s Land. All
have pinnated leaves, and scapes with terminal, round balls (rarely spikes) of very small flowers, wbich, from their frequently
bearing, when in fruit, spines armed witb reversed hafrs, become very troublesome to sheep in the grazing
districts of Australia. Calyx with a compressed or angled tube, no limb, and very small mouth, fr-om which project
one to two plumose stigmas, of as many oblong achenia, which are wboUy hidden in the calyx. Petals small, four
or five, or absent. Stamens as many as tbe petals. (Named from anaiva, a spine, from tbe spinous calyces.)
1. Acæna Sanguisorbce, T a b l; caule decumbente ramoso, ramis ascendentibus foliosis, foliis pinnatis
petiolo foliolisque subtus v. u trin q u e sericeo-püosis, foliolis ovatis oblongis rotundatisve inciso-serratis,
peduncubs sericeis, capitulis globosis sericeo-villosis, calyce 4-gono fructífero 4-aristato, aristis apiee
glochidiatis, corolla gamopetala, staminibus 2, stigmate dilatato plumoso. Yahl, Enum. EC . Prodr.
A . R ich , et A . Cunn. F l. Antarct. v . l . p . 9. Ancistrum Sanguisorbæ, A. anserinæfolium,
A. decumbens, Geertn.
V ar. ¡3. min o r; depressa, dense serioeo-vestita, foliobs parvuHs, A. decumbens, Menz. in Herb. Hook.
F l. Antarct. I. c.
H ab . Ab u n d an t th ro u g h o u t th e Islands, tb e var. /3 occupying mountainous places. N a t. names,
“ Hu tiwai,” Middle Islan d , L y a ll; “ P irik a h u ” aud “ P iri piri,” Col.
A creeping woody-stemmed plant, witb the foliage of Potentilla, and round heads of small purple flowers on
long scapes ; more or less villous and silky in every part ; very variable in size. Leaves 2 -6 inches long ; leaflets
eight to ten pair, usually oblong, blunt, coarsely sen-ated, inch long. Scapes elongated, erect, often bearing a
small leaflet, Plowers in beads, which are the size of a marble or smaller, silky. Calyx four-anglcd, the angles
produced after flowering into purple pin-hke spines, i inch long, barbed at the tip. Corolla of four petals, united
at the base. Stamens 2. Style terminated by a dilated feathery stigma,—This plant is equally common in Australia
and Tasmania, and is found in both Auckland and Campbell’s Islands. A decoction of the leaves is used as tea
and as a medicine by tbe natives of tbe Middle Island. Lyall.
2. Acæna inermis, Hook, f i l ; decumbens, ramosissima, subsericeo-pubescens, fobis parvis, foliobs
4—8-jugis coriaceis sessibbus ro tu n d a tis grosse serratis, scapis erectis pubescentibus, capitulis parvis globosis;
calyce obtuse tetrágono^ fructífero angulis incrassatis inermibuS; corolla gamopetala, staminibus 2,
filamentis brevibus, stylis 2 dilatatis uno latere fimbriatis.
H ab . Middle Islan d . Nelson, B idw ill.
This curious little species is mucb smaller than the usual state of A . Sanguisorba, and has denser foliage, less
silky, with short coriaceous rounded leaflets; all variable characters, however. The unarmed calyx, which in fruit
presents only thickened angles instead of spines, at once distinguishes it from A . Sanguisorba, or the following. I t
is nearly allied to the Falkland Island A . lucida, Vahl.
3. Acsena microphylla, Hook, fil.; pusilla, decumbens, glabrata, ramosa, ramis ascendentibus, petioKs
pilosis, foliolis minimis 4<-6-jugis ro tu n d a tis inciso-serratis, scapis erectis pilosis, capitulis magnis globosis,
calyce 4-gono angulis incrassatis fructífero in aristas elongatas simplices productis, corolla gamopetala,
staminibus stylisque 2, stigmatibus subclavatis fimbriatis.
H a b . N o rtlie rn Islan d . Tongariro, B idw ill, Colenso.
A veiy small and glabrous species; the leaflets not 4 inch long. Capitula very large for the size of the plant,
upwards of an inch across, including the spines, which are not barbate, and distinguish it as a species.
Another species, A . ascendens, Vahl, common in Fuegia and the Falklands, has been found in Macquarrie
Island, but hitherto not in New Zealand.
Gen. rV . G EUM, L .
C'ix/y.'T 5-lobus, extus 5-bracteolatus. P e ta la h. N to ir e a 00, cum petalis inserta. Carpella sicca, in
capitulum supra receptaculum siccum d isposita ; stylo caudato, post anthesin articulate, geniculato, v.
barbato. Semen ascendens.
A small genus of herbaceous plants, of which some species appear to be very widely diffused: it is distinguished
from Potentilla by the long awns to the achenia. (Name from yeua, to yield a meet flavour, from the aromatic smell
of the root of a common Eui-opean species.)
1. Qcnm Magellanicum, Coinmerson; pubescenti-pilosum v. villosum, caule erecto diviso multifloro,
foliis radicalibus in te rru p te pinnatisectis lobo te rmina,li máximo lobato crenato serrato lateralibus minoribus
V. minimis ro tu n d a tis v. ovatis duplicato-serratis incisisque, caulinis laceris, pedunculis villosis, floribus flavis
erectis, calycibus pubescenti-pilosis, aclieniorum capitulo oblongo globoso, acheniis plurimis compressis
villosis in stylos deflexos apice imcinatos v. supra medium goniculatos productis. Commerson. DC. Prodr.
Fl. Antarct. v. 2. p . 2 6 2 . G. Cbiloense, G. Cliilense, G. Quellyon e t G. ranunculoides, G. s tric tum, G.
intermedium, etc., A u c t. A n G. u rbanum, L..^
H a b . N o rth e rn an d Middle Islands. E a s t coast and interior, Colenso. Nelson, B idw ill. Milford
Sound, L y a ll. (Cultivated in England.)
All the parts are pilose, pubescent, or almost tomentose. Root woody, perennial, astringent. Stems rounded,
2-3 feet high, dichotomously branching above. Radical leaves 4 -6 inches long, iuteiTuptedly pinnate; the terminal
lobe very large, ovate or rounded, variously lobed and semate, strongly veined, the others often alternately smaller,
in two to six pairs, ovate or rounded, sessile, the lower gradually smaller: upper leaves incised, simple or pinnate,
the lobes narrower and more deeply cut. Floicers yellow, ^ inch across, on very villous peduncles, which elongate in
flower. Calyx pubescent; lobes ovate, alternating with five bracteolse. Petals rounded. Stamens veiy numerous.
Heads oí fr u it oblong, rounded, .i- inch long, of very many compressed carpels, which are densely villous, with long
stiff yellowish hairs, and terminate iu stiff reflexed awns. Aicns i inch long, twisted suddenly above the middle, or
hooked at the extremity.—I cannot see upon what grounds (judging from origmal specimens) the species quoted
above (and some others) are to be separated from one another; and I am further inclined to consider aU as varieties
of Q. urbanum. If species are to be founded upon every trifling difference in the size or proportion of the upper lobe