N a t . O r d . LXXXV. AROIDEyE,
Gen. i . TY PH A , 1 .
Amenta cylindracea, mascula e t focminea eodem culmo. Am. g superius, periantliio 3 -se to so ; ,
s tip iti communi impositis. Am. ? periantliio pap p o so ; ovaims s tip ita tis ; sty lis capillaribus. UtrieuU stylo
coronati, evalves.
The New Zealand Typla angustifolia very closely resembles the commou English “ Reed-mace,” or “ Cat’s-
tail (by some called Bulrush), and is fonnd in all parts of the globe ; it forms a taU erect water-plant, growing in
vast profusion m watery places, with a creeping rhizoma, which sends up tufts of very long linear leaves, and simple,
leed-like, solid stems, 4 -8 feet high, with two cylindrical, rich-brown, soft catkins; the upper of male flowers,
lower of female, each 6-7 inches long. none, or of three soft long hairs. Male fi. -.— stamens one or morel
and monadelphous ; anthers cuneate. Female fi. a long spindle-shaped utricle, with a slender stalk and equally slender
s y e, glandular towards tbe tip on one side,—Some species of this genus are found in all parts of tbe globe. Leaves
used for budding bouses, thatching, etc. The blanched parts of the roots are eaten in many parts of the world.
Of the pollen bread is made, as of the same species by the natives of Scinde. (Name from rvfos, a marsh.)
I . Typha angustifolia, L . ; amentis remotis, foliis planiusculis. B r . P r o ir . A . Cunn. Proclr. A .
Eich. Flora. T. latifoHa, Forst. Prodr.
H .O . N o rth e rn Island. Common in marshes, Cunningham, etc. N a t. name, “ E a u p o ” Col (A
native of E n g lan d .)
An extremely vanable plant. I find uo difference, except iu size, between this aud the European T. i
which is generally much smaller and more slender, varying extremely in this respect,
Gen. I I . S PA R G A N IUM , L .
Pe ria n th ii squamæ 3. E l. g . Stamina Í sphserica; mascula superiora. 3 ; antheris ovatis.
E l . S . Achenium sessile, mucronatum.
Water or marsh plants, fonnd in various temperate climates, with erect herbaceous stems, long grassy liuear
leaves, and flowers collected into round heads or catkins, the upper male. Leaves in the New Zealand speeies
which IS fonnd in very many parts of the world, a foot long, u ¡„eh broad, channelled, sharp. Flowering stem
slender, erect. Fem.fi. in three to six globose remote balls. \ inch diameter, each in the axil of a linear spreading
leaf. Fermnih of three scales, which are probably reduced stamens. Malefi. in more numerous, smaller heads”
without leaves. Stamens three, with ovate anthers. Fruit a ball. | inch diameter, of dry. obovate, mucronate nuts’
each obscurely trigonous, smooth, shining, 2 -3 inches long. (Name from enagyarou, a hand; in allusion to tl.e’
form of the leaves.)
1. Sparganium simplex, H u d s .; fobis planis basi trigonis, pedúnculo florífero simplici, stigmate
hneari, acheniis apice conicis. Fngl. B o t. t. 745.
H-vb. N o rth e rn Islan d . I n watery places, common, BiOmill, etc. N a t. name, " M aru,” Col. (A
native of England.)
Gen. I I I . L EM N A , L .
Spatha membranácea, urceolata. S tamina 1 - 2 ; antheris didymis. Fructus u triculus 1 -4 -sp ermu s.
A very cmious genus, known as Duckweed in England, aud fonnd iu most parts of the Temperate world. They
are reduced to small floating seale-like fronds, with no distinct leaf or s tem; they seldom flower, but increase by
239 OrcUd e /s? ]
buds, which grow from clefts on the opposite margins of tho fronds; these expand and again produce buds from
their sides while attached to the parent frond, hence many fronds are attached at right angles to one another. Ih e
fronds throw out one simple capillary root, or tuft of these, furnished at the apex with a oalyptra. Flowers rare,
very minute, enclosed in a bract. Stamens one to two, with didymous anthers, Utrieulus with one to four seeds.
(Name, \eyva in Greek, said to be derived from Xems, a scale.)
1. Lemna minor, L . ; froiide ovali u trin q u e plana, radicibus sobtariis. B r . Prodr. Eng. Bot.
t. 1095.
H ab. Middle Island. P o rt Cooper, In/all. Probably common, an d overlooked elsewhere. (A native
o f En g lan d .)
An extremely abundant European plant, fonnd in various other parts of the globe, as in Australia and Tasmania.
Fronds ovate, flat, 2 lines long, each with a single root.
2. Lemna gibha, L . ; fronde obovata supra plana su b tu s convexa subhemisphEerica, radicibus solitariis.
lA n n . Sp. P l. En g . B o t. t. 1 2 3 3 .
H ab. N o rth e rn Islan d . E a s t coast, Colenso. (A native of E n g lan d .)
Very like L. minor, but the frond is rounded below, sometimes hemispherical. This is also a very commou
European plant, and found in other parts of the world.
N a t . O e d . LXXXVI. ORCHIDEÆ, -fuss.
Gen. I . E A R IN A , U n d l.
Pe ria n th ii folíola patentia, subcarnosa, subæquaba. Labellum posticum, cucullatum, 3-lobum, columnæ
subparallelum, basi su b-2-tuberculatum, disco nudo. Columna nana, stigmatis labio inferiore prominnlo.
Anthera 2-locularis. PoUinia 4, ceracea, cobateraba, p e r paria coliærentia.— H e rbæ epiphytic«, caulescentes
; rhizomate articulato, repente ; fobis rigidis, distichis ; floribus racemosis p a n icu la tisv e ; bracteis
cucullatis.
Rigid epiphytical plants, growing in great tufts on the branches of trees, etc. Rlikoma creeping, sending out
long white simple fleshy or hard roots. Stems compressed, simple, erect, covered with distichous, Hnear, coriaceous,
green leaves. Floioers in terminal simple or branched bracteate racemes, small, white. Ferianth of six nearly equal
pieces, all spreading ; sepals equal, oblong, subacute ; petals ovate, more fleshy, blunt ; lip thi-ee-lobed, retuse, lateral
lobes curved inwards. Column short. PoUen-masses four, united, in pairs, to a very small strap-shaped candide,
powdery.—This genus is confined to New Zealand. (Name from eapivoi, spring-flowering)
1. Ea rin a m-ueronata. L in d i.; caule gracili ancipiti, foliis longe Imeari-bgulatis acuminatis, panicula
gracili, sepalis liueari-oblongis, labello profunde 3-lobo. L in d l. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. A. Ounn. Prodr.
Epidendruiii mucronatum. Banks et Sol. M S S . et Ic.
H ab. Througliout th e Islands, as far south as Otago, B a n k s a n d Solander, etc.
Stems slender, 1 -3 feet long, two-edged. Leaves 4 -6 inches long, \ broad, acuminate. Panicle slender,
s p a r m g l y branched. Rraefs remote, obtuse. Flowers 4 inch diameter; sepals ai\A petals Hnear-ohlong; labellum
deeply lobed, spotted.
2. Eai'ina autumnalis. Hook, fil.; caule robusto lente compresso, foliis bnea ribus rigidis subacutis
acumiuatisve, panícula subdisticha ramosa, sepabs late oblongis, petalis late ovatis, labello obtuse 3-lobo sub-
quadrato. Epideiidrum autumiiale. B a n k s et Sol. M S S . et Ic.
H ab. T h rougliout th e Islands, to Stewart’s Island, Ba n k s and Solander, etc.