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N a t . O u d . X X V I . H A L O R A G EÆ , Br.
Gen. I . H A LO RA G IS , Forst. [including Goniocarpus, Koen., a n d Cercoclia, Murr.)
Mores nni-bisexuales. Calycis tu b u s teres, an gulatus v. alatus ; limbus 4-lobus, lobis persistentibus.
Pe tala 4, cóncava, decidua. Stamina 4 - 8 ; antheris longitudina liter dehiscentibus. Stigmata 4, Simplicia
V . plumosa. F n ic tn s nucumentaceus, indeliisceiis, 2-4-loc iilaris. Semina solitaria, p én d u la ; embryone
axi albuminis carnosi, tereti ; radicula hilo proxima.
Erect, prostrate, or creeping, opposite or alternate-leaved lierbs, smooth or scabrid. hermaphrodite or
bisexual, axillaiy towards the ends of the branches, small, green or purplish, fascicled or racemose, generally
shortly pedicellate, drooping. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovarjq rounded, angled, or winged; limb four-lobed.
Petah four, deciduous, concave. Stamens four to eight; anthers two-celled, often bursting laterally. Stigmas four,
sessile, simple or plumose. Fi-uit, a small hard nut, with a fleshy or coriaceous coat, which is rounded, angled, or
winged; indéhiscent, two- to four-celled; cells with one pendulous albuminous seed; embryo terete, with two short
cotyledons, and radicle next to the hilum.—This genus is most frequent in the Southern Temperate zone of the Old
Woi'ld, especially in Australasia ; and is also found in all parts of India. Juan Fernandez is its only South American
habitat. (Name from aks, the sea, aud pa^, a grape-stone, from the form of the fruit of the original species, which
grows near the sea.)
1. Haloragis Jacq . ; erecta v. decumbens, ramosa, glaberrima v. scaberula^ caule tetragono
angulis lævibus scaberuhsve, foliis petiolatis ovatis ovato-lanceolatisve acuminatis grosse serratis, floribus
ramulis axillis foliorum racemosis v. subverticillatis, racemis foliosis, pedicellis calyce æquilongis, fru ctu
prismático 4 -quetro, angulis subalatis. Jacq. Ic. P a r . v. 1. t. 6 9 . H . tetragona, I le r it. H . Cercodia,
A it. Cercodia erecta, M urr. J)C. Prodr. A . Rich, et A . Cunn. C. alternifolia, A . Cunn.
H a b . N o rth e rn an d Middle Is la n d s ; ab u n d an t on dry hills. N a t. name, "T o a -T o a ,” B U r v ille .
This plant is a native of Juan Fernandez, whence aU the specimens I have seen are perfectly smooth, like many
of the New Zealand ones, whilst others are more or less scabrid on the angles of the stem, leaves, and fruit. Stem
herbaceous or procumbent, with erect four-angled branches. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate ( |—l i inch), shortly
petiolate, ovate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, blunt or acuminate, sharply and deeply serrated. Flotoers in axillary
whorls or fascicles along the branchlets, wbich become leafy ; racemes small, green. Anthers large, fru it, an
angular nut, 1 line long, covered with a coriaceous green coat, which is more or less produced at the angles into
wings ; the sides smooth or rough.—This is a very variable plant in size, foliage, and smooth or rough surface ; but
easily recognized by the little four-winged or four-angled fruit, crowned at the narrow upper end by four ovate,
acute, conniving calyx-lobes.
2. Haloragis (Goniocai’pus) tetragyna,\jo}o.', rígida, scabra, erecta v. prostrata, diffuse ramosa, ramis
4-gonis ascendentibus, foliis (4 -6 lin.) oppositis duris coriaceis ovatis acutis sessilibus argute et profunde
cartilagineo-serratis u trin q u e scabris, floribus versus apices ramulorum subracemosis axillaribus
brevissime pedicellatis, fru ctu ovoideo 8-costato vemicoso rugoso v. lævi immaturo hic illic scabcrulo.
La b ill. Nov. Holl. v. I . p . 39. t. 53. BC. Prodr. A . Cunn. Prodr. Cercodia incana, A. Ounn. Prodr.
Var. diffusa, ramis elongatis prostratis diffuse ramosis, foliis parvis ( 3 - 4 lin.). Cercodia procum-
bens. Ba n k s et Sol. M S S .
H a b . N o rth e rn Is la n d ; ab u n d an t in dry places, Ba n k s and Solander, Cunningham, etc.
A very common Australian and Tasmanian plant, scabrid with short, white, stiff hairs over every part. Stems sub-
erect or diffuse, 3-8 inches long. Leaves (-1—| inch) opposite, sessile, rounded, oblong or ovate, subacute, rigid, harsh,
deeply serrate, with cartilaginous margins. Flowers in the axils of the smaU upper leaves of the branches, which
become leafy racemes. Fruit, a small ovoid, shining nut, -with eight ribs, smooth or rugose on the surface.—
Cunningham’s Cercodia incana appears to me identical with this plant.
3. Haloragis (Goniocarpus) depressa, A. C u n n .; pusilla, caule repente v. ascendente filiformi scabe-
rulo, foliis oppositis breve petiolatis ovatis orbiculatisve obtusis grosse cartilagineo-serratis u trin q u e g lab e rrimis
V . superne scaberulis, floribus axillis supremis sessilibus (pro planta) majuscuRs, fru c tu nitido 4 - 8 -
costato, floribus 4 -andris. A . Cunn. Prodr. H . serpyllifolia. Hook. f i l . Ic. P la n t. A'290.
H ab . N o rth e rn I s la n d ; in dry and wet places, n o t unfrequent, Cunningham, etc.
This appears to be the same with a Tasmanian plant called by me G. serpyllifolia, and which, judging from
the variable form of its leaves, may prove to be G. tenellus, DO. Stems 2 -8 inches long, branching from the base,
often long, slender, filiform, scabrous. Leaves small, 2 -3 lines long, sessile, ovate, broadly oblong or rounded, coriaceous,
with deeply toothed cartilaginous margins. Flowers sessile, solitary, in the axils of the upper leaves.
Nuts very small, bright brown, shining, four- to eight-ribbed.
4. Haloragis (Goniocarpus) tenella, B ro n g n .; pusilla, glaberrima, caule filiformi erecto v. procumbente
ramoso apicibus ascendentibus aphyllis, foliis paucis oppositis sessilibus orbiculatis grosse pauce ca rtilagineo
serratis, racemis elongatis, floribus bracteolatis sessilibus pendulis, fru c tib u s oblongo-globosis
nitidis 8-costatis. G. iasiCMx%, Brongn. in B u p e rr e y ,V o y . t . ^ Z . A n B C .? G. dtnodoiViS, A . Cunn. Prodr.
H a b . N o rtlie rn I s la n d ; in boggy places, Cunningham, etc. N a t. name, " P i r i P iri,” Cunn.
A very small species, quite smooth everywhere, slender, sparingly leafy, erect or prostrate, simple or
branched, 3 -6 inches high, smelhng I presume of lemons, from Cunningham’s name, but I never perceived this
when fi’esh. Leaves few, opposite, 2 -3 lines long, orbicular, remotely and deeply toothed. Racemes leafless, of few
scattered, bracteolate, small, drooping, almost sessile flowers. Fruit very small, shining, turgid, eight-ribbed.—This
curious little plant is common in Tasmania aud South Australia; I have also found it in the Khassya Mountains of
India, and at 5-8000 feet in the Himalaya Mountains. I t does not agree with De Candolle’s description of Goniocarpus
tenellus, but entirely with M. Brougniart’s plate, which is unaccompanied by any description.
Gen. I I . M Y R IO PH Y L L UM ,
Flores uni- v. bi-sexuales. Calycis tu b u s ovario adnatus, in co n sp icu u s; limbo brevissime, 4-lobo, v. 0.
Petala (fl. fcem. 0) 4, cóncava, membranácea, decidua. Stamina 4 - 8 ; filamentis b rev ib u s; antheris lineari-
elongatis. Carpella 4 , plus minusve arete cohserentia, apice stigmatibus plumosis abru p te termina ta.
nucumentaceus, 4 -co ccu s; coccis 1-locularibus. Semina solitaria, péndula, albumine p a rco ; embryone
axili, te r e ti; cotyledonibus b rev ib u s; radicula elongata, hilo proxima.
Water herbs, with long submerged flaccid stems and leaves, the latter capillaceo-multifid, and all whorled
or entire, alternate, or opposite towards the ends of the branches. Flowers unisexual, rarely bisexual, axiUaiy. Calyx-
tube of the female united to the ovaria; Hrab minute, four-lobed or absent, of the male four-partite or absent. Petals
of the fern, absent; in the male four, concave, caducous. Stamens four to e ig h t; anthers long. Carpeh four, more or
less adherent, with four thick, usually plumose stigmas; each carpel forms a minute nut, with a fleshy covering, one-
celled, with one pendulous seed; albumen scanty, 0 ?; embryo terete, with blunt cotyledons, and a loug radicle,
turned towards the hilum.—The genus is found in all latitudes, and the species have very wide ranges. (Name
from pvpios, a myriad, ñud cjivWov, a leaf.)
1. Myriophyllum elatinoides, G au d .; foliis 4-natim verticillatis inferioribus capillaceo-multifidis superioribus
lineari-elongatis oblongisve in teg ris v. grosse e t irreg u lariter serratis pinnatifidisve, floribus 8-an-
dris dioicis? Gaudichaud, in An n . Sc. N a t. v . h . p . \ 9 h . BC. Prodr. PI. An ta re t. v.%. p . 2 1 \ . M. pro-
pinquum, A . Cunn. Prodr.
H a b . N o rth e rn Is la n d ; in bogs and ru n n in g water, Cunningham, Colenso, etc.
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