in Upper Louisiana. It is a span or more high. Mr. Douglas’s specimen is considerably larger and stouter
in all its parts, the leaves almost tapering into a petiole, and the upper ones so much smaller than the lower,
that the flowers seem to be arranged in a leafy spike.
Tab. CVII. Iva axillaris. Fig. 1, Leaf and flower; fig. 2, Flower; fig. 3, Male floscule, with its palea;
fig. 4, Female floscule, with do.; fig. 5, Achenium;—magnified.
Subtrib. II. HelianthejE. Capitula, si heterogama, jioribus marginalibus, uniserialibus,
corollasque lingulatis gerentibus; reliquis $; nunquam dioica vel monoica. Rachis
bracteolata, aut rarissime in centro ebracteolata. Pappus aut aristatus aut irregularis
aut obsoletus aut coroniformis aut nullus. Anthera nigricantes, ecaudatce. Styli rami
scepissime cono acuto aut appendiculo lineari superantur aut ubi truncati sunt apicceque solo
pennicillati, ibi achenia calva aut aristata, autmanifeste obcompressa aut compressa. Less.
1. Heliopsideje. Acheniis ecorticatis, exalatis, semper erostribus, calvis, aut pappo coroniformi
coronatis ; cap it id is horn ogam is aut plerumque heterogamis, Jioribus marginalibus
feemineis. Less.
27. HELIOPSIS. Pers.
Radius uniserialis. Achenium angulato-compressum, omnino calvum, glabrum, disco
epigyno parvo.—Herbse Americana; foliis oppositis, integris velpinnatifidis; capitulis luteis,
solitariis, ramos supeme aphyllos terminantibus ; involucris imbricatis ; rachide conica. Less.
1. H.scabra; foliis breve petiolatis ovatis trinervibus grosse serratis apice integerrimis
utrinque scabris, involucro pubescenti.—Dun. in Mem. du Mus. v. 5. p. 57.
Hab. Common on the banks of the Red River, near the “ Forks.” Douglas.—These specimens agree
with original ones of H. scabra in my Herbarium, from the Bot. Garden of Montpellier; still I fear it differs
from H. Icevis, Pers., only in the more scabrous leaves and more downy involucres.
2. H. ? balsamorhiza ; subpubescens, foliis radicalibus plurimis petiolatis pinnatis pinnis
subpinnatifidis incisis, involucri foliolis numerosis lanceolato-acuminatis imbricatis caulem
paucifoliatum subaequan ribus, radice crassa balsamifera.
H ab. Common on the gravelly banks of the Columbia, near Fort Vancouver. Douglas.—“ The root of this
plant is long, thick, subfusiform, woody, and yields a copious limpid juice, not unlike the resin from Pirns
Balsamea, possessing a powerful turpentine-like odour.” The leaves are mostly radical, 6-^ inches long,
with a sheathing base, and about equal in length with the stem, or almost scape, for it bears but one or two
pair of leaves smaller than those of the root: young achenia compressed and four-angled, quite destitute of
pappus. More perfect specimens of this plant than I possess, will, I can scarcely doubt, prove that it and the
following deserve to rank as a new genus, to which I would propose the name of Balsamorhiza. The
habit is totally different from Heliopsis, and the flowers resemble those of an Helianihus, while the fruit
appears to be that of the former genus.
3. H.? terebinthacea; pubescens, foliis radicalibus petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis sinuato-
pinnatifidis crenato-serratis, involucri foliolis numerosis lanceolato-acuminatis imbricatis
caulem paucifoliatum subsequantibus, radice crassa balsamifera.
Hab. Common at Fort Vancouver, on the Columbia, and in the grounds of the interior. Douglas.—
Closely allied to the preceding species, and yielding in its root the same terebinthine juice.
2. Rudbeckiee. Acheniis ecorticatis, erostribus, calvis aut pappo coroniformi iniegro coronatis
; capitulis radiatis, radio neutro uniseriali. Less.
28. RUDBECKIA. Cass. Linn, (inpartem.)
Achenium pappo coroniformi calloso crassoque coronatum, sectione transversa quadrata,
disco epigyno magno, areola laterali. Corolla disci infundibuliformis, dentibus erectis;
radii absque ullis genitalium vestigiis. Antherce inclusas. Stylus disci ramis cono brevissimo
terminatis.—Herbse hispido-scabra, perennes, ramis oppositis; foliis alternis, integris vel pin-
natijidis ; capitulis terminalibus solitariis, radio luteo, disco fusco-violaceo; rachide conica ;
involucris patentibus, circiter biserialibus. Less.
1. R. laciniata; elata, foliis inferioribus pinnatis segmentis lanceolatis incisis summis
ovatis, pappo crenato, caule glabro.—Schrad.— Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. p. 2246. Mich. Am. v.
2. p. 144. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 2. p. 575. Flliott, Carol, v. 2. p. 451.
Hab. Canada. Pursh. Lady Dalhousie. Mrs. Sheppard. From Lake Huron, (D n Todd,) to the Red
River. Douglas.
2. R. columnaris; setis appressis hispida, foliis profunde pinnatifidis segmentis lanceolatis
sublaciniatis, receptaculo elongato cylindraceo, pappo marginato brevissimo, paleis punctis
duobus nigris.—Nutt. Gen. Am. v. 2. p. 178. Bot. Mag. t. 1601.
Hab. On dry undulating grounds of the Saskatchawan and Red Rivers, abundant. Douglas. Drummond.
29. CALLIOPSIS. Reichenb.
Achenium obcompressum, omnino calvum, intus curvatum, apice truncatum, anguste
bialatum, disco epigyno minuto, alis concoloribus integerrimis. Stylus disci ramis truncatis
apieeque solo penicillatis.— Herbse Boreali-Americana, glabrce; foliis magisminusve sectis ;
capitulis yeminis vel corymbosis, radio luted basi macula atro-purpurea notato vel roseo;
involucris biserialibus, serie interiori gamophylla, exteriori squarrosa. Less.
1. C. Atkinsoniana ; foliis glaberrimis, radicalibus bipinnatifidis, caulinis pinnatis laciniis
linearibus spathulatis, flosculis radii basi ssepius maculatis irregulariter trilobis, radice
perenni.—Coreopsis Atkinsoniana. (Dougl.) Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1376.
Hab. Shores of the Columbia and Menzies’ Island. Douglas. Dr. Scouler. —Distinct from Calliopsis
( Coreopsis, Nutt.) tinctoria, according to Mr. Lindley, in its perennial root, taller more branched stems,
and less strongly blotched flowers. The differences are not distinguishable in my native dried specimens.
3. Coreopsidee. Acheniis ecorticatis, erostribus, slatem nonnullis pappo nec autem coroniformi
coronatis, capitulis heterogamis, jioribus neutris uniserialibus in arnbitu. Less.
30. COREOPSIS. Linn.
Achenium conforme, aristis binis brevibus coronatum, plano-obcpmpressum, bialatum.—
Herbse autrarius Frutices America indigeni; foliis integris vel varie sectis ramisque oppositis;
capitulis terminalibus, radio plerumque luteo; involucris polyphyllis, biserialibus; rachide
plana. Less.
1. C. lanceolata; foliis oppositis lanceolato-linearibus integerrimis ciliatis inferioribus
petiolatis, acheniis orbicularis scabris alatis apice bidentatis, caule glabro.—Linn.—Mich.
Am. v. 2. p. 137. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 2. p. 567. Elliott, Carol, v. 2. p. 433.
H ab. North side of Lake Superior. ( Torrey, in Herb, nostr.) Lake Huron. Dr. Todd.