to our last mentioned yar. which is only 3 or 4 inches in length, with an almost orbicular circumscription
to the leaves having- all multifid and linear segments and small solitary flowers, and which seems to be
exactly the R. Langsdorffii * of De Candolle. Intermediate states possess the natant broad foliage, similar
to what is so common on the R. aquatilis. Sometimes there is a little pubescence on the stem and leaves.
Richardson has well described my varieties y. and 5. and particularly noticed the remarkable character of
the style. Mr. Brown’s R. inundatus, from New Holland, appears to be allied to this.
Tab. VII. Fig. 1, R. P u r s h i i , fig. 2, var.V-j fig- 3, var. nat. size; fig. 4, Petal; fig. 5, Side view,
and fig. 6, Back view of a pistil; fig. 7, Head of pericarps; fig. 8, Single pericarp:—magnified.
14. R. lapponicus; foliis glabris, radicalibus longe petiolatis tripartitis lobis dilatatis
obtusis grosse dentatis, scapo nunc unifoliato unifloro foliis longiore, calyce 3-sepalo re-
flexo.—Linn. FI. Lapp. t. 3. f . 4. Rich, in Frankl. 1st Joum. ed. 2. App. p. 23. De Cand.
Prodr. v. 1. p. 35. Hook, in Parry's 3d Voy. App. p. 121.
Hab. Mossy woods in the eastern and central districts, and from lat. 50° to the Arctic Sea. Dr. Richardson.
Mountain swamps; eastern declivity of the Rocky Mountains, lat. 52° tq 57°. Drummond.
Whale Islands in the Arctic Sea. Lieut. Ross.—A rare plant; being very alpine or very arctic. The lower
part of the,stem is filiform, and creeps much under ground, throwing out long, white, fibrous radicles.
The scape is sometimes furnished with a single leaf, and this is remarkably the case with the specimens
from the coast; and it is so figured by Reichenbach. The calyx consists of 3 sepals, and the corolla of 6
(Schlechtendal says 8) spathulate petals; hence it is allied to the genus Ficaria, and, like it, it bears gemmae
or little bulbs. Heads roundish, of few carpels, which are margined. Styles as long as the capsules, flattened
at the base, and recurved.
15. R. hyperboreus; foliis glabris petiolatis trifidis lobis ovali-oblongis divaricatis,
lateralibus subbifidis, medio integro, vaginis basi biauriculatis, caule filiformi repente.—
Rottb. in Act. Hafn. 10. p. 458. t. 4. f . 16. Schlecht.Animadv. Sect. 2. p. 12. De Cand.
Prodr. v. 1. p. 35. jBrown in Parry's Is* Voy. App. p. cclxiii. Hook, in Parry's 2d Voy.
App. p. 4; in Parry's 3d Voy. App. p. 29.—R. Gmelini. Schlecht. Animadv. Sect. 2. p. 35.
(non De Cand.)—Ranunculus foliis subrotundis trilobis integerrimis, caule repente. Gmel.
FI. Sib. v. 4. p. 204. t. 83. b. c.
H ab. Marshes in the Rocky Mountains; lat. 52° to 57°. Drummond. Arctic Islands. Gapt. Sir E.
Parry. Edwards. Bay of Eschscholtz, and of Schischmaref. Chamisso.—Whole plant quite glabrous in the
American specimens, hairy in those of Sweden, which I have received from the late Professor C. Smith.
Stems creeping. Heads of germens globose, compact. Each cariopsis or carpel is distinctly margined on the
back, and tipped with a very short inconspicuous mucro.
16. R . pygmams; foliis glabris 3-5 fidis, radicalibus petiolatis, caulino sessili, caule
1-floroj calyce glabro petalis longiore subreflexo, carpellis subrotundis stylo adunco brevi
* W hilst writing this paragraph, I had the pleasure to receive a letter from Mr. Arnott, dated St. Petersburgh,
who assures me, th a t on referring to Gmelin’s Herbarium, in the Museum of the Academy of th a t city, he finds the
plant which corresponds with Tab. 83. B. of the “ Flora Sibirica ” to be truly o ur R . Purshii, and, he believes, certainly
th e Langsdorffii of De Candolle. I t is equally the R . Gmelini of De Candolle, whose only authority is the
figure of Gmelin, which he cites. B u t i t is n o t the R . Gmelini o f Schlechtendal’s Animadv. p. 35, for which he
refers to Gmel. t. 83. b. f . c. (though, from a m isprint, it is made 836,) not 83. B. T h a t plant again, (Gmel. 83. b.
f . c.) Mr. Arnott assures me, is R . hyperboreus; and Eschscholtz’s plant, likewise quoted, which I possess in my
Herbarium, is the same species, hyperboreus. R . Gmelini, therefore, no longer exists as a species.
mucronatis.—Wahl. FI. Lapp. p. 157.: t. 8. f 1. Pursh, F l.A m .v . 2. p. 393. De Cand.
Prodr. v. 1. p. 35.,Bachenb. Ic. Bot. t. 2. f . 3, 4, 5: Rich, in Frankl. 1st Journ. ed. 2. App.
p . 23. Schlecht. Animadv. Sect. 2. p. 12.—R. caule unifloro, &c. var. y . pygmams Linn
F l .L a p p .p ,X 8 '1 .t3 .f .3 . ":i 1
HiB. Moist grassy places, on tie high parts of the Rocky Mountains, in lat. S3 ». Drummond Arctic
Sea coast, between long. 170° and 140«. Dr. Richardson. About Behring’s Straits on Chamisso’s Island
and on that of. St. Lawrence. Chamisso.—Stem erect, never creeping. Plant glabrous. Heads of carpels'
oblong. Pericarps snbglobose, not margined at the back; by which character and the erect mode of growth
it may be known from its affinity, R. hyperboreus. From R. nivalis it is distinguished by its much smaller
size, laxer habit, and especially by the minute, inconspicuous flowers.
17. R. Sabinii; foliis radicalibus elongato-petiolatis tripartitis, lobis ellipticis lateralibus
semi-bifidis, caulinis sessilibus tripartitis linearibus,, calycibus hirsutis petala retusa sub-
asquantibus. Brown in Parry’s 1st Voy. App. p. cclxiv.
Hab. Melville Island. Parry. Shores of the Arctic Sea, between Mackenzie River and the Coppermine
River. Dr. Richardson.—I find amongst Dr. Richardson’s specimens of Rpygmaw, a few individuals of a
larger size than the rest, having hairy calyces and larger petals, nearly equalling the sepals in length and
which quite agree with Mr. Brown’s ft. Sabinii. They seem indeed almost to form a connecting link
between 22. pygmeeus and 22. nivalis.
18. B. nivalis j foliis radicalibus elongato-petiolatis dilatatis lobatis, lobis subovatis
caulims subsessilibus palmatis, caule erecto sub-unifloro, petalis obovatis integerrimis
.longioribus calyce hirsutissimo, stylis rectiusculis ovaria glabra sequantibus. Br.
a . folia radicalia reniformia alte lobata, lobo medio cuneato-obovato basi angustiore.
Br.—R. nivalis. Linn. Sp. PI. p. 778. WaM. PI. Lapp. p. 156. t. 8. f . 3. Schlecht. Animadv
Sect. 2. p. 14., DeCand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 35. Brown in Parnfs 1st Voy. App. p cclxiv
Rich, in FranU. 1st Journ. App. ed 2. p. 24,.—R. caule unifloro, &c. Linn FI form
187: £’3. f . 2. > ■ . ... : . ■ ^ ‘■ ^ app.p.
ß. folia radicalia basi cuneata vix ad medium lobata, lobo medio semiovato basi latiore
petala orbiculato-obovata calyce hirsutissimo sesquilongiora. Br.__R. nivalis, ß Wahl
FI. Lapp. p. 157. (excl. syn. Mart. Spitzb.) Brown in Parry’s 1st Voy. App’. p. cclxiv
DeCand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 35.—R. sulphureus. “ Soland. in Phipps’ Voy. p. 202.” De Cand.
Syst. Veget. v. 1. p . 274. (excl. syn. Mart. Spitzb., Laxmannii, WilldenovU, et Smithii ■
fide Br.) Rich, m FranU. 1st Journ. ed. 1. p. 74.2. Schlecht. Animadv. Sect. 2 v 15
R..prim us. “ Mart. Spitzb. t. 6. f . ifllfrljfrtgrAmiri t V', ; i ’ r ' '
, Y; radicalia basi subcuneata v. transverse alte lobata, lobo medio cuneato-obovato
basi angustiore. Br.—R. nivalis, y . Brown in Parry’s 1st Voy. App. p. cclxiv.
Hab. Lofty parts of the Rocky Mountain chain, lat. Sä». Drummond. Copper Mountains and Arctic Sea
coast, in muddy pools which become dry during summer, long. 1 10 ". Dr. Richardson. Arctic coast near th.
termination of the R o*y Mountains, long. 140». Captain SirX Franklin. Captain Sach. Behrings Sträte
Chanmso Koteebne s Sound. Lay and Com in Bccclcy’s Voyagc-IKs plant is remarkable for the
variable form of its root-leaves, and Mr. Drummond made the remark, which is confirmed by all the numerous
specimens collected by him in the Rocky Mountains, that this may he at once discriminated Z m R
Eschscholtz,t, by these leaves never rising with the flower, and being only felly expanded after the flowms