Rich, in Frankl. Is* Joum. ed. 2. App. p . 13. Hook, in Parry’s 2d Voy. App. p . 395.
De Cand. Prodr. v. 4. p . 48.
Hab. In the woody, and principally the barren country of British North America, (Dr. Richardson,)
to the extreme Arctic Islands. Captain Sir E. Parry. On the Rocky Mountains. Drummond.—This
species seems to be unknown to the Botanists of the United States.
2. C. oppositifolium; caulibus floriferis erectis, foliis oppositis reniformi-subcuneatis
crenatis, floribus corymbosis.—Linn. Sp. PI. p. 569. Engl. Bot. t. 490.—/3. Scouleri;
foliis proftmde crenato-serratis.
Hab. /3. Columbia River, on the North-West coast. Dr. Scouler.—The leaves of this are exactly similar
to those of C. Nepalense of Don’s Prodr., as well as of Wallich’s Cat. n. 48, and I should have referred it to that
species, only that the flowers are more distinctly corymbose.
3. C. Americanim; caulibus gracilibus decumbentibus laxis supeme dichotomis, foliis
oppositis cordato-rotundatis obscure crenato-lobatis floribus axillaribus distantibus.—
Schweinitz, MSS. in Herb, nostr.—C. oppositifolium. Mich. Am. v. 1. p . 269. Pursh, FI.
Am. v. 1. p . 269. Elliott, Carol, v. 1. p. 311. Bigel. FI. Bost. ed. 2. p . 154. Torrey, FI. of
Un. St. v. 1. p . 445. (non Linn.)
Hab. Canada. Pursh. Lady Dalhousie. Mr. W. Sheppard. Lake Huron. Dr. Todd. Saskatchewan,
(which seems to he its northern limits,) Dr. Richardson. Drummond.—This is assuredly a distinct species
from the Europsean C. oppositifolium, with which it has long been confounded. Pursh alone, of any
author that I have been able to consult, suggesting that if it were compared in a living state with the true
C. oppositifolium, it would probably prove different. It is a much more inconspicuous plant, of a slender
procumbent habit, the upper leafy and flowering branches never forming corymbs, but lengthened out, and
bearing distant small leaves, and solitary flowers in their axils. It retains all its characters when cultivated
in the Glasgow Botanic Garden. Dr. Schweinitz has sent me the present species, marked C. Americamm :
but I am not aware that it is any where published under that name.
' I have followed Jussieu and De Candolle in referring Adoxa, which usually stands next to Chrysosplen-
ium in the Saxifragece, to Araliacece.
6. SAXIFRAGA. * Lirm.
Calyx 5-sepalus, sepalis plus minus inter se et ssepe cum ovario coalitis. Petala 5 rariter
irregularia, breviter unguiculata integra. Stamina 10, 5 sepalis, 5 petalis opposita; antherce
biloculares. Capsula calyci adnata vel libera; carpella 2 ssepe usque ad stylum coalita,
Semina numerosa, rugosa vel Isevia, in plurimis seriebus disposita. Spermodermium ultra
nucleum ovoideum non productum.—Herbae perennes vel annua, scepissime valde polymor-
phce in eadem specie. Flores scepius paniculati vel corymbosi, abort# solitarii. DC.
Sect. I. P orphyrion. Tausch.—Seringe, in D e Cand. Prodr.
1. S. oppositifolia; viridi-purpurascens, foliis ramorum sterilium quadrifariam imbrica-
tis rariter remotis obovatis carinatis ciliatis apice oblique truncatis et 1-3-porosis, floribus
* In the determining of the species of this difficult genus, as well as in the drawings and in the descriptive matter,
I have been kindly aided by my valued friend, Dr. Greville.
solitariis terminalibus, calycibus ovario non coalitis, lobis obtusis ciliatis, staminibus corolla
brevioribus, seminibus oblongo-triquetris rugosis. DC.—Linn. Sp. PI. p . 595. Engl. Bot.
t. 9. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 1. p. 311. Rich, in Frankl. 2d Journ. ed. 2. App. p. 13. Don, Saxifr.
in Linn. Trans, v. 13. p. 400. De Cand. Prodr. v. 4. p. 19.—Antiphylla spathulata. Haw.
Enum. Saxifr. p , 45.
Hab. Newfoundland and Labrador. Sir Joseph Banks. Dr. Morrison. Antiscoti, in the Bay of St.
Lawrence. Mr. Goldie. Rocky Mountains, near the highest summits, between latitudes 52° and 56°.
Drummond. Arctic seashore, and Islands. Captain Sir John Franklin and Dr. Richardson. Captain Sir
E. Parry. Bay of Eschscholtz. Chamisso.—Some of the specimens gathered upon the Arctic Sea-shore,
near the mouth of the Mackenzie River, have the flowering stems very much elongated, and so bare of
leaves as to give the idea of a peduncle, with flowers remarkably large; while those from the Rocky
Mountains have their stems exceedingly short and densely tufted.
2. S. Eschscholtzii ; parvula dense csespitosa, foliis actissime imbricatis obovatis concavis
pectinatim ciliatis, floribus solitariis. brevissime pedunculatis, petalis (calycibus Sternb.)
cochleatis ciliatis.—Sterrib. in Rev. Saxifr. Suppl. p . 9. t. ljO. f . 2. De Cand. Prodr. v. 4.
p. 18.— S. fimbriata. Don, Saxifr. in Linn. Trans, v. 13. p . 404. (non Wallich.)
Hab. Cape Newnham, North-West coast of America, lat. 59°. David Nelson (in Herb. Banks.) Behring’s
Straits. A. Menzies, Esq.—A single specimen of this we detected amongst the stems of Arenaria laricifolia,
gathered by Captain Sir John Franklin and Captain Back, on the Arctic seashore, to the west of the
Mackenzie River.—This most remarkable and beautiful little plant, although first described by Sternberg,
from Asiatic specimens, in the year 1822, was first discovered by Mr. Nelson, and then during the voyage of
Captain Vancouver, in the year 1787, by Mr. Menzies. The tufts do not exceed an inch in height, and in
the dry state are of a silvery grey colour. The leaves are thin and scariose when dry, especially at their
margins. There is a central nerve, and there arise two opposite lateral ones near the middle, which diverge
and meet again just below the point. Our specimens do not possess perfect flowers, but the calyx which
surrounds the base of the capsule is not remarkably fringed : hence we are led to consider what Sternberg
has described as the segments of the calyx, to be the true petals, which he represents as singularly concave
or cochleate, strongly fringed at the extremity.
S e c t . II. A iz o o n ia . Tausch.—Seringe, in De Cand. Prodr.
3. S. Aizoon; pedunculis calycibusque piloso-glandulosis viscidis, foliis rosularum spa-
thulatis obtusis cartilagineo-serratis, floribus paniculato-corymbosis, lobis calycinis latis
tubi hemisphserici longitudine, petalis obovatis subcontiguis basi ssepissime rubro vel luteo
punctatis, stylis divergentibus calycelongioribus, seminibus ovato-triquetris punctato-rugosis.
DC.—Jacq. Austr. v. 5. t. 438. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 1. p. 310. Don, Saxifr. in Linn. Trans,
v. 13. p. 392. Seringe, in De Cand. Prodr. v. 4. p . 19.
Hab. Labrador. Kohlmeister. Dr. Morrison. Saskatchawan. Dr. Richardson. Drummond.—The specimens
differ in no respect from those of Europe.
4. S. serpyllifolia; surculis repentibus, foliis rosulatis imbricato-reflexis oblongis obtusis
in petiolum attenuatis coriaceis glaberrimis, caule filiformi oligophyllo glanduloso-pubes-
cente unifloro, calycibus obtusis ovario non adhserentibus, petalis lato-obovatis subtrinerviis.
—Pursh, FI. Am. v. 1. p. 310. Don, Saxifr. in Linn. Trans, v. 13. p. 405. De Cand. Prodr.
v. 4. p . 25.—S. Fischeri. Seringe, in De Cand. Prodr. v. 4* p. 22.—S. Eschscholtzii. Cham, in
Litt. (fide Seringe.)—S. planifolia. Cham, in Herb, nostr.—S. bicolor. Sternb. in Herb, nostr.
2 H 2