sent it to me from Long Island, and Dr. Boott from near Salem, Massachussetts, which is perhaps its farthest
limit south. Amman’s figures, from Siberian specimens, are admirably characteristic of our plant, which
scarcely varies but in its greater or less size, and in the greater or lesser number of teeth to each leaf. But
his and Gmelin’s synonym are quoted by Smith, in Rees’ Cyclopaedia, under R. salsuginosus; and, certainly,
according to Jacquin’s figure of salsuginosus, in Hort. Vindob. v. 3. t. 31, (sub. nom. R. ruthenici,) it is very
closely allied to our Cymbalaria. His whole plant is indeed larger, the leaves 3 or 5-toothed at the extremity,
and the heads of capsules are globose. The general habit is similar in both j the flowers alike in
structure; the carpels are in both distinctly marked with longitudinal elevated lines. The blossoms,of ours
are about one-third of an inch in diameter. Pursh cannot, therefore, be deemed correct when he says that
those of salsuginosus of Pallas in Herb. Lamb. “ are ten times as large.”
A train, the more alpine state of our plant, such as it is found by Mr. Drummond upon the Rocky Mountains,
(that is, smaller, with rarely more than 3 large teeth at the extremity of the oblong leaves, and with
never more than one flower upon the scape,) approaches so near to the R. halophilus of Schlechtendal from
Siberia, that I can hardly persuade myself that the two plants are distinct. The latter differs, as it appears
to me, only in the more cuneate form of its foliage, for as to the teeth, they vary from 3 to 5, which numbers
are frequent upon the smaller leaves of the larger variety. Our plant, too, has much affinity with R. iri-
dentatus and nubigenus of Humboldt; and these, with R. Jlagelliformis of Smith, in Rees’ Cyclopaedia,
seem to form a small and very distinctly marked family. Smith justly compares the runners to those of the
garden strawberry.
5. R. rhomboideus; pubescenti-hirsuta, foliis radicalibus rhomboideis integris serratis,
caulinis palmatis, floralibus profunde laciniatis, calyce patente piloso.— Goldie in Edin.
Phil Journ. v .Q .p . 329. t. 11. f . 1. Rick, in Frarikl. ltf. Joum. ed. 2. App. p. 23.—R.
ovalifolius. Pursh in Herb. Lamb, (fide Richardson.)
Rah. Lake Simcoe, Upper Canada. Goldie. In the central limestone and prairie districts, from Canada
to lat. 57°. Common in the western parts of Canada. Dr. Richardson.—This species seems to be very
constant to its character, nor have I found the slightest variation in any of the root-leaves. The heads of
fructifications are rounded. Carpels roundish, slightly compressed, glabrous, and smooth, with an extremely
short and very imperfect, more or less curved style or mucro. 6 7
6. R. glaberrimus; foliis omnibus petiolatis, radicalibus subrotundis integerrimis vel
grosse tridentatis, daulinis subcuneatis trifidis, calyce patente petalis dimidio breviore,
fructibus globosis. (Tab. V. A.)
Radix fasciculato-fibrosa. Totaplanta hirsutie destitute Caulis erectus, subspithamseus, superne uni-bi-
triflorus. Folia omnia (nisi supermini quod subsessile,) petiolata, subsucculenta: radicalia subrotunda, in-
tegra, atque omnino integerrima vel apice dentibus tribus grossis obtusis: caulina cuneata, fere ad medium
trifidum: segmentis lanceolatis, obtusis, integris. Pedunculus et calyx etiam glaberrimi. Sepala ovalia, con-
cava, patentia, non reflexa, corolla duplo breviora. Petala 5, ovalia, flava. Fructus, vix maturus, globosus.
Hab. Common on the mountains around the Kettle Falls, and on the Rocky Mountains, near the limits
of perpetual snow. Douglas.—This differs from all its congeners by its entirely glabrous stem, leaves, and
calyx, by its entire or only 3-toothed, rounded, radical leaves, and by the petiolated, never more than trifid,
cauline ones. The whole plant has a succulent appearance, and turns almost black in drying.- I have seen
it in no collection but that of the indefatigable Douglas.
7. R. affinis; foliis radicalibus (plerumque) pedato-multifidis petiolatis, caulinis subses-
silibus digitatis, lobis omnium linearibus, caule erecto 1-2 (multi) floro cum calycibus
ovariisque (an semper?) pubescentibus, fructibus oblongo-cylindraceis, acheniis rostro re-
curvo. Br. (Tab. VI. A.)
*. petalis calyce duplo majoribus.—R. affinis. Br. in P arnjs Is* Voy. App. p . cclxv.
Rich, in Frankl. 1st Journ. ed. 2. App. p . 23. Hook, in Parry’s 2d Voy. App. p. 384.—R.
arcticus. Rich, in Frankl. 1st Journ. ed. 1. App. p . 741.
/i. petalis calyce subbre.vioribus vel nullis, foliisque inferioribus minus profunde divisis.
y. foliis radicalibus exterioribus rotundatis subintegris.
Hab. Universally Spread from Canada to the Arctic Sea, and from long. 95° to the western declivity of
the Rocky Mountains, and probably it crosses the whole continent. Cape Mulgrave, in N. W. America.
{Lay and Collie in Captain Beechey's Voyage.) fi. y. Melville Island, {Parry,) and shores of the Arctic
Sea, between long. 107° and 159°. Dr. Richardson. Captain Sir J. Franklin. Captain Bach. Drummond.__
I feel quite at a loss to determine whether this should be kept distinct from the R. auricomus of Europe or
not. All the specimens from our arctic travellers quite agree with the character of Mr. Brown’s affinis, and
with the plant which I have received from Melville Island, through the favour of Mr. Sabine, except'that
the carpels are not always hairy, and the root-leaves in my p>. are sometimes almost entire. Yet I
must acknowledge that all these coincide with R. auricomus, were it not that the pericarps are collected into
an oblong head; and this character seems invariable. The lower leaves, except in my var. v. (which
scarcely differs from some of the states of ovalis but in its oblong fruit,) are pedato-partite, or multifid, yet
-with a certain degree of regularity. There are 3 or 5 more or less deep and cuneate segments, and these
again are usually trifid; the segments broadly oblong or lanceolate. Upwards on the stem, the leaves
become more deeply cut into many long, nearly equal, linear segments. The greater number are quite glabrous,
except in the.upper part of the pedicels and calyx; but in the var. fi. the whole plant, is often
pubescent or even hoary. I have not myself seen any specimen of the true R. auricomus from N. America;
but it is said to be a native of the United States.
Tab. VI. A. R. affinis, «. and 0. Fig. 1, Head of pericarps; fig. 2, Side view of a pericarp; fig. 3, Front
view of do.:—magnified.
8. R. ovalis; pubescens, foliis radicalibus cordatis basi truncatis ovalibusque integris
rarissime fissis crenatis, caulinis subsessilibus digitatis lobis omnium linearibus, caule
erecto multifloro, calyce pubescente corallam aequante, fructibus globosis. (Tab. VI. B.)
—Rafin. in Journ. de Bot. 1814. p . 268? Be Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 43 ? t ;
Tota planta pubescens. Radix fasciculatim fibrosa. Folia radicalia, longe, petiolata, petiolis vaginanti-
bus, cordata, basi truncata vel ssepe fere exacte ovalia, nunc, sed rarissime, profunde trifida vel etiam palmato-
pedatifida, margine, superne prsecipue, crenata: caulina ad basin ramorum seu pedunculorum subsessilia,
profunde palmatim multifida. Flores mediocres, flavi. Calyx membranaceus, subcoloratus, patens, demum
reflexus. Corolla calyce paulo brevior. Petala ovalia. Fructus exacte globosus. Canopsides omnino ut
in R. affini.
Hab. Alpine prairies among the Rocky Mountains, and about Carlton House, lat. 52° to 55°. Dr. Richardson.
Drummond.—Allied to R. rhomboideus, but of a stouter habit, more hoary aspect, with the leaves
arising from the root far more cordate, and occasionally deeply cleft. This species is not at variance with
the short character given in Journ. de Bot. of Rafinesque’s R. ovalis, except that he states the cauline leaves
to be lanceolate; by which he means, perhaps, that the segments are so.
Tab. VI. B. Fig. 1, Head of pericarps; fig. 2, Single pericarp:—magnified.
9. R. brevicaulis; pubescens, foliis radicalibus omnibus cordato-ovalibus integris, caulinis
crenatis palmato-multifidis, caule erecto multifloro foliis multo brevioribus, fructibus
globosis, petalis 6. .(Tab. VII. A.)