Hab. Canada. Pursh. Shores of ^ake Erie. Douglas. Carlton-House, on the Saskatchawan, to the
Rocky Mountains, and at the sources of the Columbia. Drummond.
8. C. flava ; foliis obovato-cuneiformibus sublobatis crenato-serratis, petiolis brevibus, sti-
pulis (“ cordatis”) calycibusque glandulosis, floribus subsolitariis, baccis turbinatis 4-sper-
mis. DC.—Ait. Hort. Keiv. ed. 1. v. 2. p . 169. Elliott, Carol, v. 1. p . 531. Wats. Dendr.
t. 59. De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 628.—C. glandulosa. Mich. Am. v. 1. p . 288.— C. Caro-
liniana. Poir.—Mespilus Michauxii. Pers. {De Cand.)
Hab. Island of Orleans in the St. Lawrence. Mr. Sheppard.—The only specimen of this plant I have
received from the Canadian possessions is destitute of flowers, but its petioles, winged with the decurrent
base of the leaves, admirably distinguish the species. The stipules, indeed, are not cordate, nor are they so
figured by Watson, nor described by Michaux, except in the young state. It were to be wished that
the other American species of this genus were as distinctly marked as the present. But the whole of them
require careful comparison, and to be described from recent specimens.
Dr. Morrison’s collections from Newfoundland contain the C. oxyacantha; but it was probably introduced
into that island from Europe.
23. AMELANCHIER. Medih.
Cal. 5-fidus. Pet. lanceolata. Siam, caiyce subbreviora. Ovarii loculi 10 seu potius
5 bipartiti. Ovula 10 in loculorum partitionibus solitaria. Styli 5 basi subcoaliti. Pomum
maturum 3-5-loculare. Semina 3-5, endocarpio cartilagineo.—Arbusculee; foliis simplici-
bus serratis deciduis, floribus racemosis albis, bracteis lineari-lanceolatis deciduis. DC.
1. A. Botryapium; foliis oblongo-ellipticis cuspidatis, junioribus subvillosis demum
glabris. De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 632.—A. grandiflora. Douglas, MSS. apud Herb. Hort.
Soc. Lond.—Pyrus Botryapium. Linn. fit. Suppl. p. 255. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 1. p . 339.
Bigel. FI. Bost. ed. 2. p. 196.—Mespilus Canadensis. Linn. Sp. PI. p . 185.—M. Canad.
/?.? Mich. Am. v . l . p . 291.—M. glabra. Nutt. MSS. in Herb, nostr.—M. arborea. Mich.
Arb. Forest, ed. Gall. v. 2. p. 70. t. 66.—Crataegus racemosa. Lam.—Aronia Botryapium.
Pers. Syn. PI. p. 39. Elliott, Carol, v. 1. p . 557. Torrey, FI. of Un. St. v. 1. p . 479.
Hab. Throughout Canada; frequent. Newfoundland. Sir Alexander Cochrane, Dr. Todd. Plentiful
on the higher parts of the Columbia. Douglas.—Id. the North-West specimens of this plant, as of the following,
the serratures of the leaves are sometimes confined to the extremity.
2. A. ovalis; foliis subrotundo-ellipticis acutis, junioribus subtus subvelutinis adultis
glabris, racemo coarctato, petalis obovatis, caiyce pubescente. De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 632.
—Pyrus ovalis. WiUd.—Pursh, FI. Am. v. 1. p. 240. Bigel. FI. Bost. ed. 2. p. 195.—M.
Canadensis, «. obovalis. Mich. Am. v. 1. p. 291.—Crataegus spicata. Lam.—Aronia ovalis.
Pers. Syn. PI. v. 2. p. 40. Elliott, Carol, v. 1. p. 558. Rich, in Frankl. 1st Journ. ed. 2.
App. p . 19. Torrey, FI. o f Un. St. v. 1. p. 479.—13. semiintegrifolia, foliis plerisque apice
solummodo serratis.—A. parviflora. Douglas, MSS. apud Herb. Hort. Soc. Lond.
Hab. Throughout Canada, from Lake Huron {Dr. Todd) to the Saskatchawan and Mackenzie Rivers,
and as far as the Rocky Mountains. {Dr. Richardson, Drummond, Douglas.) /3. Plentiful about the Grand
Rapids, and at Fort Vancouver, on the Columbia; and on the high grounds of the Multnomak River.
Douglas.—I am sometimes disposed to agree with Dr. Torrey, who suspects this to be only a var. of the
preceding. What I consider as the- A. Botryapium has the young leaves slightly hairy, and the adult
ones perfectly glabrous, of a thin texture, and turning black in drying. In my specimen of A. ovalis, even
the old leaves are more or less thickly clothed, especially beneath, with a compact yellowish tomentum, exactly
as in our Europæan A. vulgaris, from which it appears to me not easy to distinguish it. Michaux seems to
have included these two and the following species under his A. Canadensis. Dr. Richardson observes that
“ this abounds on the sandy plains of the Saskatchawan. Its wood, named by the Créés Meesassquat-ahtick,
is prized for arrows and pipestems, and is thence termed by the Canadian voyagers bois de flèche.
Its berries, about the size of a pea, are the finest fruit in the country, and are used by the Créés under the
name of Meesasscootoom-mema, both in a fresh and dried state. They form a pleasant addition to Pemmican,
-and make excellent puddings, very little inferior to plum-pudding.”
3. A. sanguinea; foliis oblongis utrinque rotundatis argute serratis semper midis, bracteis
stipulisque phimosis, racemis capitatis, calycibus extus glabris. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1171.
—A.? sanguinea. De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p . 633.—Mespilus Canadensis, y. rotundifolia.
Mich. Am. v . l . p . 391.—Pyrus sanguinea. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 1. p. 240.—Aronia sanguinea.
Nutt.
Hab. Canada. Michaux, Pursh. Hudson’s Bay. W. Williams, Esq. {in Bot. Reg.) Columbia. Pursh.
Lake Huron. 'Dr. Todd. Plains of the Saskatchawan. Dr. Richardson, Drummond. Newfoundland. Dr.
Morrison.—What I here consider to be the Pyrus sanguinea of Pursh, is principally distinguished from our
A. Botryapium by its fewer-flowered, much shorter racemes, and the shorter and broader or more ovate petals.
The leaves are hairy when young, as in that species. Pursh describes the fruit as red; Mr. Lindley as
blackish-purple.
24. PYRUS. Lindl.
Cal. tubus urceolatus, limbus 5-lobus. Pet. subrotunda. Styli sæpius 5, rarius 2—3.
Pomum clausum 5-loc. putaminibus cartilagineis. Semina in loculo quoque 2, testa cartil-
agin ea.—Arbores fruticesve. Folia simplicia vel pinnata. Cymæ patentes terminales multiflorae.
Bracteæ subulatce deciduae. DC.
Sect. 1. T orminaria. DC.
1. P . rivularis ; foliis ovatis integris angulato-subtrilobisque subacuminatis acute serratis
subtus pubescentibus, corymbis terminalibus simplicibus, calycibus hirsutis intus densissime
tomentosis, stylis (3-4) basi coalitis. (Tab. LXVIII.)—Douglas, MSS. apud Herb. Hort.
Soc. Lond.
Arbof 15-25-pedalis, ramis cortice cinereo obtectis, junioribus solummodo subpubescentibus. Folia ovata,
acuta seu acuminata, subcoriacea, 2—4 uncias longa, magis minusve lata, integra vel subangulata nunc etiam
trilobata, acuta et subinæqualiter serrata, junior a pubescentia, adulta superne glabriuscula subtus pubescenti-
hirsuta nervis prominentibus. Petioli graciles unciam sesquiunciam longi, pubescentes. Corymbi terminales
in ramis junioribus, simplices. Pedicelli longi, fusci, pubescente-hirsuti. Flores majusculæ. Calyx extus
hirsutus, lobis patentibus acuminatis intus densissime lanatis. Petala alba, rotundata, unguiculata, patentia,
venosa. Stamina 20. Styli 4, basi coadunati. Fructus: Pomum parvum vix semiunciam longum, sub-
globosum, rubrum vel flavum, longum, primum caiyce (demum deciduo) coronatum, 3—4-loculare, loculis non-
nunquam abortivis.
Hab. Nootka Sound, and in other parts of the North-West coast of America. Menzies, {in Herb, nostr.)
Abundant on the banks of streams near the ocean, from the mouth of the Columbia northwards. Douglas.
Observatory Inlet. Dr. Scouler.—This is a small tree, of which the wood is employed for making wedges,
and is so hard as to be susceptible of a fine polish. The fruit is used as an article of food, and called in the
vernacular language of the ChenoOk tribe, Pow-itch. It flowers in April and May.
Tab. LXVIII. Pyrus rivularis. Fig. 1, Flower; fig. 2, Pistil; fig. 3, Stamen; fig. 4, Section of the germen ;
fig. 5, Corymb of fruit, {natural size) ; fig. 6, Single finit :—magnified.
2 C 2