10. A. Pennsylvanica; subpilosa, foliis tripartitis segmentis bipartitis trifidisve, laciniis
lanceolatis inciso-serratis, involucralibus involucellisve sessilibus conformibus, sepalis 5
ellipticis obtusis, pericarpiis compressis marginatis stylo longo apice recto vel uncinato
attenuates. (Tab. III. B.)—Linn. Mant. p. 247. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 2. p. 387. De Cand.
Prodr. v. 1. p. 21. Rich, in Frank!. 1st Joum. ed. 2. App.p. 22.—A. aconitifolia. Mich.
Am. v. 1. p . 320||§A. dichotoma. Linn. Amcen. Acad. v. 1. p. 155. Gmel. FI. Sibir.
v. 4. p . 197. “ Linn. Fil. decad. 29. t. 15.” Pursh, FI. Am. v. 2. p. 387. De Cand. Prodr.
v. 1. p. 21.
Radix subrepens, flexuosa, lignosa, parce fibrosa. Tota planta pilosa, in caule et petiolis pilis patenti-
bus. Folia radicalia longe petiolata, ampla: Involucrum illis forma et magnitudine simile. Jnvolucella
multoties minora. Flos magnus, albus: Sepala membranacea, extus sericeo-pubescentia. Stamina numerosa.
Fructus rotundatus, magis minusve pilosus vel etiam glaber: Stylus persistens, pericarpiis multo longior,
rectus vel ad apicem uncinatus; statu juniore brevis et semper uncinatus.
Hab. In woody and prairie tracts by the banks of rivers from Hudson’s Bay to the Pacific, and from the
United States to near the mouth of Mackenzie’s River; not found in the barren grounds. Dr. Richardson.
Drummond. Douglas.—It is singular that no figure, that I am aware of, should yet have been given (except
the one referred to in the “ Decades” of the younger Linnaeus,) of this very common and handsome
American plant. De Candolle says that the A. dichotoma of Europe is similar to the Pennsylvanica, but
more slender. My specimens from Dahuria, sent by Dr. Fischer, entirely accord with the American ones:
and the dichotoma of Pursh, I suspect, is exactly the same. That author, indeed, says, “ It is smaller than
Pennsylvanica, and has a tinge of red;” neither of which marks are at all likely to be constant'.
Although named Pennsylvanica by Linnaeus, he only gives Canada as a station for it. And notwithstanding
that Michaux speaks of it as an inhabitant of the New England States, and Pursh of Pennsylvania, I
have never received it from my correspondents in these countries, and am inclined to consider it rare, except
in the more northern parts of America. It does not find a place in Elliott’s Sketch, nor in Dr. Bigelow’s
Flora of the Environs of Boston.
11. A. narcissiflora ; hirsuta, foliis palmatim partitis, segmentis cuneatis inciso-multifidis,
involucralibus subconformibus sessilibus, floribus umbellatis.—Linn. Sp. PI. p. 763. Gmel.
FI. Sibir. v. 4. p. 200. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 2. p. 387. Bot. Mag. t. 1120. De Cand. Prodr.
v. 1. p. 23.—A. umbellata. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 2. p. 1284.? De Less. Ic. v. 1. t. 18.? (ubi
figura differt solummodo involucris simplicioribus.)
Hab. Canada, and North-West America. Pursh. I have never seen Canadian specimens, but I possess
the plant gathered by Mr. Menzies on the north-west coast of America, where it extends, according to Dr.
Fischer, as far as Unalaschka. Kotzebue’s Sound. Lay and Collie in Captain Beechey’s Collection.—These
N. W. American specimens are clothed with long, copious, and beautifully silky hairs, according with De
Candolle’s var. £. villosissima from Unalaschka. But I possess individuals gathered on the Altaic Mountains
equally shaggy; and others from different parts of Europe in various states of hairiness. The specimens in
Captain Beechey’s herbarium are very small, and have only one flower to each plant.
4. HEPATICA.
Involucrum 3-foliatum, flori approximatum, 1-florum, calyciforme; foliis integris. Sepala
petaloidea, 6-9, duplici triplicive serie disposita. Stamina et ovaria plurima. Car-
pella ecaudata.— Scapi plurimi, radicales, 1 -flori. DC.
1. H. triloba; foliis late cordatis trilobis, lobis cordatis.—Anemone Hepatica. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 660. Mich. Am. v. 1. p. 319. Elliott, Carol, v. 2. p. 56.—H. Americana.
Nutt. N. Am. FI. v. 2. p. 20.—Anemone Hepatica. Linn. Sp. PL p . 758. Curt. Bot
Map. t. 10.
«. foliorum lobis acutiusculis— H. triloba. Chair in Vill. Delph. v. 1. p. 336. De Cand.
Prodr.. vL 1. p. 22.
ß. foliorum segmentis acutis.—H. acutiloba. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 22.__Anemone
triloba, var. ß. acuti. Bigel. PI. Bosh ed. 2. p. 222. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 2. p. 391.
$. foliorum lobiifeobtusis.—H. Americana. Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 387. De Cand. Prodr.
v. 1. p . 22.—H. triloba, ß. De Cand. S y st Veget. v. 1. p. 216.—H. triloba, *. Pursh FI
Am. v. 2. p . 391. Bigel. FI. Bosh ed. 2. p. 222.
Hab. In woods, in the central limestone tracts, from Canada to lat. 52». Mr. Drummond found it as far
north as lat. 55°, in the secluded alpine vallies on the eastern declivity of the Bocky Mountain ridge Dr
Richardson. The varieties grow mdiscriminate]y._A plant varying much in the lobes of its leaves rounded’
obtuse, oval, or acute, as Michaux has justly remarked. In the young state it is clothed with long’
and on the petioles and scapes, spreading, silky hair. There can be no question of the identity of the
American and Europaean individuals. Dr. Boott has gathered a var. near Boston, United States with a
five-lobed leaf. ’
5. HYDRASTIS. Linn.
Cal. 3-sepaIus, sepalis oyatis. Pet. nulla. Stmrina ovariaque pfarima. Cariopsides
baccat®, plurima; in capitulum aggregate, stylo terminat®, 1-loculares, 1-2 sperm®,
.iSemina ovoidea, laevigata. DC.
1. H. canadensis.—Linn. Sp. PI. p. 784. Miqh. Am. v. 1. p. 317. Pursh, FI. Am. v. 2
p. 389. Elliott, Carol, v. 2. p. 55. De Cand. Prodr."v. 1. p. 23__Warneria. I Mill Tr
2. p . 190. t. 285.”
Hab. Canada; in water. Linn. According to Pursh, and other American Botanists, in shady woods on
fertile soil, and among rocks, in the Alleghany tract of mountains. Michaux.—We learn from Michaux that
this plant seems confined to the Alleghany chain; and, following its course, extends from Canada to Carolina
It is probably rare, for none of our recent travellers have seen it in Canada, nor have I ever received a
specimen. De Candolle, who describes the plant from dried specimens, says that the root (which is hitter
pungent, and tome, yielding a beautiful yellow dye, whence the name Yellow-Root,) consists of intensely
yellow fleshy tubercles. The stem is herbaceous, simple, single-flowered, bearing two or three leaves the
two lower ones petiolated, the upper one nearly sessile, all of them 3-5 partite, the lobes coarsely toothed
acute. Flowers white, purplish, terminal, pedunculated. Fruit fleshy, red, like that of a Ruhus to the
herbaceous species of which, Nuttall compares the habit of the whole plant.
: 6. a d o n is ! d m .
Cal. 5-sepaIus, adpressus, sepalis interdum basi solutis. Pet. 5-15, ungue nudo. Stam.
plurima, ad basm gonopliori inserta. Ovaria plurima. Cariopsides plurim®, monosperm®
secus gonophorum spicat®, oval®, stylo brevi subaccreto acuminat®. Embryo ovatus’
cotyledonibus subdistantibus.—Folia caulina pinnato-partita, lobis muLtifidu. D C ’
1. A. autumnalis; calyce’ glabro, petalis 6-8 concavo-conniventibus calyce vix ma-
joribus, carpellis subreticujatis in capitulum ovatum aggregatis stylo brevissimo coronatis
caule ramoso— Linn. Sp. PI. p. 771. Smith in Engl. Bot. t. 308.