underneath as m the adults, but the under wiug-coverts washed with pale rufous-buff like the
throat.
Hab. North-eastern Africa, southwards from Bogos-land to the Zanzibar region on tbe east coast. West
Africa, from Senegambia to the Niger.
T h i s is t h e n o r th e r n r e p r e s e n ta tiv e o f th e l a rg e I I ir u n d o a lb ig u la r is o f tlie C ap e. I n
N o r th - e a s te r n A f ric a V o n n e u g l i n sa y s t h a t i t o c c u rs fr om 2 0 ° -2 I ° n o r th l a t i tn d e s o u th w
a rd s a lo n g th o N ile a n d in A b y s s in ia , re a c h in g in th e l a t t e r c o u n t r y to a t le a s t 10 ,0 0 0
f e e t ; i t is le s s c om m o n o n th e l i e d Sea, I n B o g o s -la n d it m a k e s i ts a p p e a ra n c e w ith
th e f ir s t s um m e r r a in a n d s ta y s u n t i l D e c em b e r. M r, W . T . B la n fo rd , who w a s th o firs t
n a tu r a l i s t to d is c r im in a te th e sp e c ie s , m e t w i th i t a t B a r a k i t in T ig rh , d u r in g th o
A b y s s in ia n e x p e d itio n . M r. W . J e s s e o b ta in e d sp e c im e n s a t K o k a i a n d B e jo o k in th o
B o g o s c o u n try , a n d th e l a te M a r q u is A n t in o r i a t K e r e n in th e s am e c o u n try . A e c o rd iu g
to th e l a t t e r o b s e rv e r, i t a r riv e s in B o g o s -la n d in M a y a n d le a v e s in A u g u s t . I t d o e s n o t
se em to h a v o b e e n m e t w i th by th e e x p e d itio n to S h o a c om m a n d e d b y th e sam e in tr e p id
e x p lo re r.
I n E a s t A f r i c a i t w a s firs t o b ta in e d b y t l ie l a t e D r . m id e b r a n d t , w h o p ro c u re d
sp e c im e n s a t M om b a s a , a n d sa y s t h a t i t w a s sp a r s e ly s p re a d o v e r t h e w h o le c o u n try
v is ite d h y h im . D r . F is c h e r a lso m e t w i th i t in th e s am e d is tr ic t, w h o re i t is c a lle d by
th e n a tiv e s “ M ' h a n iV ' T h e l a t t e r n a tu r a l i s t a lso p ro c u re d th o sp e c ie s a t M a lin d i, a u d
d u r in g h is l a s t e-xpedltion h e sa y s t h a t i t w a s fo u n d o n th e s te p p e s b e tw e e n K i l im a ’i’ija ro
a u d M am u m o u n ta in . I t w a s th e o n ly Sw a llow se e n b y h im e v e ryw h e re from th e co a s t
to th e N a iw a s c h a L a k e , a n d i t o u ly o c c u rre d s in g ly . U o fo u n d i t n e s t in g a t M a u r u i a t
th o e n d o f F e b r u a r y , w lie re a p a i r h a d b u i l t in th e h o le o f a tre e -s tum p s ta n d in g o u t
o f t h e w a te r . T h e l a t e D r . B o hm b e lie v e d t h a t h e s aw th e p r e s e n t sp e c ie s a t Z a n z ib a r.
A c c o rd in g to D r . V ie r th a lo r , i t b re e d s n e a r K l ia r to om in A u g u s t a n d S e p tem b e r ,
b u i ld in g i t s n e s t a g a in s t th e ceU in g s o f ro om s , e x a c tly a s H . r u s tic a does in E u ro p e !
th o n e s t b e in g o p en ab o v e . I t la y s th r e e e g g s , w h ic h a r c w h ite s p o tte d w ith ru fo u s . IIc!
s p e a k s o f th i s sp e c ie s a s th e c om m o n Sw a llow o f N o r th - e a s t e r n A fric a , a n d s ta te s t h a t it
a r r iv e s i n M a r c h a u d le a v e s a t flic b c g iu n in g o f N o v em b e r. U e fo u u d i t b r e e d in g
n o r th w a rd s from N ow D o n g o la , h u t n o t iu N o r th e r n N u b i a o r U p p e r E g y p t, w h e re its
p la c e is ta k e n h y H i r u m lo sa c ig iiii. T h e n o s t rc som h lc s t h a t o f I I . r u s t k j a u d th e e g g s
a r e s im ila r ly co lo u re d .
D r . U a r tm a n n ( J . f. O. 1 8 8 4 , p . 1 6 2 ) m e t w itli tw o p a ir s o f th i s Sw a llow b re e d in g
ill a lio le in a n A d a n s o n ia tre e . T h e n e s ts w e re p la s te r e d to g e th e r w ith th o m u d from
th e E filfili, a u d c o n ta in e d re s p e c tiv e ly th r e e a n d fo u r s p o tte d e g g s . I n th e p a r ts o f
E q u a to r ia l A f r ic a v is ite d h y th e a b o v e n a tu r a l is t , th i s e le g a n t l i tt l e llird wa s th e U o u s e -
Sw a llow o f th e c o u u t r y ; a n d a s i t c o u ld n o t a lw a y s fin d s u ita b le b re e d in g -p la c c s iu th e
low s t r aw h u t s o f th e F u n d j N e g ro e s , i t o f te n o c c u p ie d th e h o le s o f t re e s a s w e ll a s
c le fts in th e ro c k s , in w liich i t p la c e d i t s m u d -b u ilt n e s t.
D u r in g h is e x p e d itio n to B o g o s -lan d , th o l a t e M a r q u is A n tin o r i fo u n d th e sp e c ie s
in h a b itin g th e h u t s o f th e n a tiv e s a n d b u i ld in g its n e s t o n th e b e am s w h ic h s u p p o rte d
th e roof, a n d m a n y c o u p le s c o n s tru c te d t h e i r n e s ts in a l a rg e h u t b e lo n g in g to th e
m iss io n a t K e r e n . A p a i r h u i l t in th e h u t o f th e tra v e lle r , a n d m a d e a n e s t b e low th e
fram e o f a n e t o n w h ic h th e b ird -s k in s w e re d rie d a u d w h ic h wa s p la c e d ab o v e h is bed.
Tlio Sw a llow s se em e d d e lig h te d to liv e in th i s p la c e , a n d c h e e re d t h e fm v o lle rs in
th e e a rly m o rn in g w i th th e i r v a r ie d n o te s . N o n o tic e w a s t a k e n h y th e h ird s o f th e
n o ise m a d e b y th e in h a b i t a n t s o f th e h u t , a n d th o y o u n g w e re d u ly h a tc h e d , h u t w e re
u l t im a te ly fo u n d d e a d in th e n e s t w i th o u t a n y a p p a r e n t ca u se .
I n IV c s t A f ric a i t h a s b e e n p ro c u re d b y th e l a te M r. W . A . F o rb e s a t S h o n g a a n d
L u k o ja o n th e riv e r N ig e r , a n d M r. F . N ic h o lso n h a s re c e iv e d a s p o c im o u from A b e o k u ta ,
w h ic h h e p re s e n te d to t h e B r i t is h M u s e um . D r . dc l lo c h e h r u n e does n o t in c lu d e i t
am o n g th o b ird s o f S e n e g am b ia , b u t a s p e c im e n is in th o B r itis li M u s e um from tlie
la s t-n am e d c o u n try . T h is sp e c im e n w a s fo rm e rly in th e S h a rp e e o lle c tio n , to w h ic h it
w a s p re s e n te d h y M r. E . L . L a y a rd . T h o e x a c t c ir c um s ta n c e s u n d e r w h ic h i t w a s
o b ta in e d by M r. L a y a rd w e re u o t r e c o rd e d a t t h e tim e , b u t w e b e lie v e t h a t h e p ro c u re d
i t o u o n e o f h is h om ew a rd jo u r n e y s from th e C a p e to E n g la n d .
Tlio sp e c im o n fig u re d is in C a p t. S h e lle y ’s c o lle c tio n , a n d th e d e s c rip tio n is from
th e ty p e sp e c im e n in th e B r itis h M u s e um .