t é ;
i'
II ir u n d o c y a n o p y r rh a , V ie ill. X . D ie t, d ’l l i s t . N a t. x iv . p . 5 10 (18 1 7 ).
U ir u n d o ru s tic a (n c c L .) , A u d u b . B. A m e r . fo l. p l. 1 7 3 (c. 1 8 2 6 ) ; id . O rn . B io g r. ii.
p. 4 13 (1 8 3 1 ) ; id . B. A m e r . 8vo, i. p . 181, p l. 4 8 (1 8 4 0 ) ; .Tones, N a t. B e rm . p . 31
(18591.
U ir u n d o fu m a r ia , L i e h t . P re is -V e rz . Alex. Vog. n o . 58 (1 8 3 0 ) ; C ab . J . f. O. 1 8 6 3 ,
p . 58.
C ecropis am e r ic a n a , L e s s . C omp ì. B uff. v iii. p . 4 9 8 (1 8 3 7 ).
C ecropis r u fa , L e s s . C omp ì. Buff. viii. p. 4 9 8 (1 8 3 7 ); Boie , Is is , 1814, p. 175.
C ecropis am e r ic a n a , Boic , t. c. p . 174.
C e c ro p is c y a n o p y r rh a , Boie , t . c. p . 175.
U ir u n d o e ry th ro g a s tra . G r a y , Gen . B . i. p . 57 (1 8 1 5 ); S cl. C a t. A m e r. B . p . 39
(1 8 0 2 ) ; Scl. & S alv . P . Z. S. 1867, p . 5 0 9 ; P e lz . O rn . B ra s . p p . 18, 4 0 2 (1 8 7 1 ) ;
L iy a r d , Ib is , 1873, p . 3 78 ; Scl. & S alv . N om e n c l. A v . N c o tr . p . 14 (1873) ; iid.
P . Z. S. 1873, p . 1 8 5 ; T ac z. P . Z. S. 1 8 7 1 , p. 5 1 0 ; C o u es, B . Color. Y a il . p. 4 07
(1 8 7 8 ) ; H o ffm an , B u ll. IT. S. Geol. S u rv e y , vi. p . 2 20 (1 8 8 1 ) ; S te a rn s , N cav
E n g l. B ird -L ife , i. p . 1 81 (1881) ; A . & E . N caaT . H a n d b . J am a ic a , 1 8 8 1 , p. 1 07 ;
B e a n , P ro c . XI. S. N a t. Alus. v. p . 1 4 8 (1 8 8 2 ) ; S a lv ia & G o dm a n , B io l. C e n tr.-
A m e r., Ave s, p . 2 32 (1 8 8 3 ) ; T a c z . O rn . P e ro u , i. p . 2 38 (1 8 8 4 ) ; S a lv in , I b is ,
1885, p. 2 0 5 ; DreAv, A u k , ii. p . 15 ( 1 8 8 5 ) ; B e c k h am , t. c. p . 1 4 1 ; A g e rsb . t. c.
p . 2 78 ; A n th o n y , A u k , iii. p . 1 7 0 (1 8 8 6 ) ; W e lls , P ro c . V . S. N a t. Alus. v . p. 012
(1 8 8 6 ) ; B e ri. J . f. O. 1 8 8 7 , p . 5 ; S a lv in , Ib is , 1888, p . 2 56 ; O a te s , P a u n . B rit.
I n d ., B ird s , ii. p. 2 79 ( 1 8 9 0 ) ; E e ild e n , I b is , 1 8 9 0 , p. 4 8 3 ; E v a n s , Ib is , 1891,
p . 61 ; SchaloAV, J . 1 O. 1 8 9 1 , p . 2 5 4 ; P e te r s , J . f . O. 1 8 9 2 , p. 117 ; G r a h am
K e r r , I b is , 1S92, p . 1 2 3 .
I l im n d o e r y th ro g a s tra , /3. h o r reo rum , RidgAV. R e p . 4 0 th P a r a lle l, i\'. p . 4 41 (1 8 7 7 ) ;
B e ld in g , P ro c . U . S. N a t. Alus. i. p . 4 0 8 (1 8 7 9 ).
U ir u n d o e r y th ro g a s tra h o r reo rum , C o u e s , B u ll. Geol. S u rv . iv . p . 57 8 (1 8 7 8 ) ; id.
C h e c k -lis t, p . 4 2 (1 8 8 2 ) ; id . Iv e y N .-A m e r. B . 2 n d ed . p . 3 22 (1 8 8 4 ).
I l i r u n d o ru s tic a , A’a r . h o r reo rum , A le rrill, P ro c . U . S. N a t. Alus. i. p. 125 (1 8 7 8 ) ;
C o o p e r, op. c it. ii. p. 21 0 (1 880) ; S e e b o hm , H i s t . B r i t . B . iii. p. 1 71 (1 8 8 3 ).
C h e lid o n e r y th ro g a s tra , S te jn . P ro c . U . S. N a t. A lu s. v . p. 31 (1 8 8 2 ) ; T u rn e r , P ro c .
U . S. N a t. A lu s. v iii. p. 2 39 (1 8 8 5 ) ; id . A. O. U . Cheek-1, p. 2 92 (1880) ; Cory,
A u k , iii. p . 59 (1 8 8 0 ) ; E v e rm . t. c. p . 1 8 3 ; Sm ith , t. c. p . 278 ; E o x , t. c.
J). 3 17 ; T h om p s . t . c. p. 3 25 ; T u r n e r , C o n tr . N . I I . A la s k a , p. 1 7 0 (1886) ; Toaviis.
A u k , iv . p . 1 3 (1 8 8 7 ) ; DAA'iglit, t. c. p . 10 ; L lo y d , t . c. p . 2 9 4 ; B e c k h am , t. c.
p . 3 0 4 ; B la k e , t. c. p . 3 3 0 ; N e lso n , R e p . N a t. H i s t . Coll. A la sk a , B ird s , p . 197
(1 8 8 7 ) ; llidgAV. A lan . N .-A m c r. B . p . 4 61 (1 8 8 7 ) ; R ic hm . A u k , v. p . 23 (1 8 8 8 ) ;
S c o tt, t. e. p. 31 ; A le rrill, t. c. p. 3 6 0 ; .Brewst. t. c. p . 3 8 9 ; T ow n s. P ro c . U . S.
N a t. A lu s. X. p p . 221, 23 0 (1 8 8 7 ) ; R id gw . t. c. p p . 576, 57 9 ; B e c k h . t. e. p p . 032,
6 8 2 ; W a r r e n , B . Ito im sy lv . p. 243 (1 8 8 8 ) ; C o ry , B . W . I n d . p . 73 (1 8 8 9 ) ; E v e rm .
A u k , v i. p. 26 (1 8 8 9 ) ; C o ry , t. c. p. 31 ; Eixxon, t. c. p. 45 ; R iv e s , t. c. p . 53 ;
E a x o n , t. c. p . 1 02 ; B r i t ta in & Co x , t. c. p . 1 1 8 ; D n tc h e r , t. c. p . 13 0 ; L aw r.
t. c. p . 201 ; P in d a r , t. c. p . 31 5 ; S c o tt, t. c. p. 32 5 ; B e ld in g , Occ. P a p e r s C a lif.
A c ad . Sci. ii. p. 1 88 (1 8 9 0 ) ; R ik e r & C h a pm . A u k , v ii. p . 267 (1 8 9 0 ) ; T h om p s .
P ro c . V . S. N a t. Alus. x iii. p. 6 10 (1 8 9 0 ) ; S c o tt, t. c. p. 3 12 ; C lie rrie , t . c.
p . 3 3 5 ; A le rriam , N . A m e r. E a u n a , n o . 3, p . 98 (1 8 9 0 ) ; id . op. e it. n o . 5, p . 104
(1 8 9 1 ) ; l l a g e r u p , B . G r e e n l. p . 0 0 ( 1 8 9 1 ) ; Cory, A u k , v iii. p . 3 5 2 ( 1 8 9 1 ) ;
C h o rrie , A u k , ix . p. 22 (1892) ; LaAvr. t. c. p. 4 0 ; Cory, t. c. p . 48 ; DAA'ight, t. e.
p . 138 ; C oombs, t . c. p . 2 06 ; S c o tt, t . c. p. 213 ; RidgAV. t. c. p . 30 7 ; AttAvater,
t. c. p . 3 4 0 ; L aw r. t . c. p. 3 5 0 ; A n tlio n y , t. c. p . 3 6 6 ; H a tc h , B . A lin n e so ta ,
p . 3 52 (1 8 9 2 ) ; Cory. C a t. AV. I n d . B. p. 1 15 (1892) ; E is h e r, N . A m e r. E a u a .
n o . 7, p. 1 1 0 (1 8 9 3 ) ; DAvight, A u k , x . p. 12 (1 8 9 3 ) ; T o d d , t. c. p p . 4 0 ,4 5 ; S c o tt,
t . e. p. 1 81 ; AVhite, t, c. p . 220.
I lir u n d o ru s tic a e r y th ro g a s tra , H a r t e r t , Iv a t. A^'ogels. S e n c k e n b . Alus. p . 0 9 (1891) ;
Tacz. Alem. A c a d . Im p . St. P é te r s b . (7) x x x ix . p . 1 78 (1 8 9 1 ).
H. similis H. gutturali e t to rq u e p ræ pe c tora li codera modo in te rru p to , sed ga strico p a llide cervino distili
gueuda.
Hab. in America boreali ct in Siberià orientali æstivans, in regione Neotropicà fcrè totà, et in subregione
Iiido-Burmamcà hiberuans.
Aduli male. G ene ra l colour above glossy purjilisli blu e , varied with white on th e m antle a n d ba ck, -where
th e white bases to th e fe a th e rs show th ro u g h ; le sse r a u d median Aving-coverts like th e b a e k ;
g re a te r coverts, basta rd -w in g , prima ry-cove rts, and quills blackish, w ith a p u rp lish -b lu e gloss
ou th e o u te r web, iu c lin in g m ore to ste e l-g re en o u th e o u te r webs o f th e ha sta rd -w iu g aud
prima ry-cove rts ; th e inne rm ost g re a te r coverts a sh y on th e ir iu u e r Avebs, Avith a s tro n g rufous
tin g e ; ta il-fe a th e rs bla ck ish with a s te e l-grc eu gloss, a ll b u t th e c en tre ones with a large rounded
w h ite spot in c re a s in g in size towards th e ou te rm o st, where i t is a la rg e oblique m a rk ; forehe ad
deep bay o r c h e s tn u t, e x ten d in g slig h tly backAvai-ds over th e eye ; lores b la ck ; ea r-cove rts
p u rplish b lu e like th e h e a d ; checks and en tire th ro a t deep h a y , of a different colour to th e
r e s t o f th e u n d e r su rfa c e , b u t n o t sep a ra ted from tlie che st by a complete b a n d ; th e sides o f
th e ne ck glossy p u rplish b lu e like th e back, th is colour im p in g in g on to th e sides o f th e fore
ne ck in a lia lf-c re sc cnt-shapc , b n t n o t form ing a han d across ; u n d e r su rfa c e Irom th e che st
downwards, in c lu d in g th e u n d e r wing-eoverts aud axilla rie s, c le a r ru fo u s, dc epcuiug in to c h e s tn
u t in th e region o f th e v e n t; th e u n d e r ta il-co v e rts w ith blackish sh a ft-lin e s ; some o f th e
lesser wing-covcrts n e a r th e edge o f th e w ing m o ttled w ith a shy-brow n bases ; quills a shy browu
below. T o ta l len g th 6 ’8 inches, culmen 0 ‘35, wing 4 '5 5 , ta i l 3 ‘45, ta rsu s 0-45.
Adult female. Similar to the male iu colour. Total length G'7 inches, culmeu 0-3Ó, wing 4 5 , tail 3-25,
tarsus 0-4.
Young b irds a rc m u ch d u lle r in colour th a u th e ad u lts, b e in g d usky b row n above with a blue gloss ; ou
th e rum p rema ins o f na rrow ru fo u s m a rg in s ; q uills Avith narroAV w h itish edges a t th e tip s ;
fro n ta l b a n d very small a u d pa le ru fo u s ; th ro a t also pa le ru fo u s ; th e re s t o f th e u u d e r surface
very lig h t ru fe sc en t buff, de epe r on th e u n d e r ta il-co v c rts ; ou th e lower th ro a t some rem a in s of
blackish m o ttlin g s , b u t n o t forming a cross baud.