lin e . M r. S e o tt, a s s ta te d iu h is p a p e r o n th e o rn ith o lo g y o f th e T w in L a k e s , fo u n d i t
a h u n d a u t in lo c a litie s , b u t n o t g e n e r a lly d is tr ib u te d . ¡Mr. B e c k h am also s ta te s t h a t h e
o b se rv ed th e sp e c ie s b u t o n c e a t P u e b lo , w h e n a d o z e n o r m o re w e re se e n o n th o lO tli
o f J u n e . I ll th e i r p a p e r on th e b ird s o f C o lo rad o , M e s s rs . A lle n a n d B r ew s te r r em a rk
“ P i r s t se e n M a y T th . A c o n s id e r a b le n um b e r o b se rv e d o n th e l l t h , a n d a t fr e q u e n t
in t e r v a ls l a te r . I u J u l y a n d A u g u s t l a rg e n um b e rs w e re se e n n e a r “W e s t M o n um e n t
C re e k , w h e r e th e y o u tn um b e r e d a ll t h e o th e r Sw a llow s .”
I n U t a h , a s in A r iz o n a a u d N ew Mex ico , M r. H e n s h aw s ta te s t h a t th i s Sw a llow
in h a b i t s t h e h ig h e r re g io n s , b e in g a b u n d a n t in a ll s u ita b le lo c a litie s , a n d p r e f e r r in g th e
o p e n s p a c e s o r e d g e s o f t h e p in a rie s a u d g ro v e s o f o a k s , w h e r e i t b re e d s iu o ld ‘Woocl-
p c c k o r-h o le s.
M r. l l id g w a y h a s re c o rd e d t h e sp e c ie s as a b u n d a n t o n th e m a in is la n d in P y r am id
L a k e , N e v a d a , in th e m o n th o f M a y , a n d in J u l y h e saw i t a g a in am o n g th e lim e s to n e
A v a ils o f th e e a s te rn c a n o n s o f t h e l l u b y M o u n ta in s , w h e re i t Avas also n e s tin g .
¡Mr. A n th o n y , in h is p a p e r on t h e b ird s o f 'W a s liin g to n C o u n ty , O re g o n , sa y s th a t
i t is “ a v e ry c om m o n m ig r a n t, a feAV rem a in in g to b re e d , n e s tin g in c o lo n ie s in bolIoAv
s tu b s .” ¡Dr. M e r r i ll d id u o t o b s e rv e i t h im s e lf a t P o r t K l am a th , b u t sa y s t h a t i t m u s t
o c c u r t h e r e ; h e fo u n d i t, liOAA'ever, A'ery c om m o n a t th e o u t l e t o f D iam o n d L a k e e a rly
in A u g u s t .
T h e obserA-ations o n t h e sp e c ie s in C a lifo rn ia h a v e b e e u n um e ro u s a n d A'aried. T h e
folloAving n o te is giA'cn b y M e s s rs . B a ird , Breaver, a n d llid gw a y , from th e w r itin g s o f
D r . I l c i ib u r n , a \-e ry Avell-known o b se r\’e r :— “ T h is SAvalloAV h a s q u ite a n e x te n s iv e
r a n g e a lo n g th e P a c ific c o a s t, b u t i t is r e s tr ic t e d a s to tb e lo c a litie s i t in h a b its . A t th e
P u lg a s R a n c h e , n e a r S a n P ra n c is c o , i t is e v e n m o re c om m o u th a n T . bicolor, Avhile a
feAv m ile s fr om th e n c e n o t o n e is to b e se e n . I I o h a s a lso se e n i t o n th e b a n k o f th e
P r e s n o , n e a r i ts ju n c t io n Avith th e S a n J o a q u in l l iv e r , a n d a g a in in th e Y o s em ite V a lie v ,
Avithout m e e tin g w i th a s in g le s p e c im e n in t h e in t e r v e n in g c o u n try . A b o u t V ic to ria
th i s w a s th e prcA’a i lin g sp ec ie s. T h e s e SAvallows, a s f a r a s M r. H e p b u r n o b se rv ed ,
ah v a y s b u ild in h o le s o f tre e s . T h e ir n e s t, h o s ta te s , is fo rm e d o f a feAV fine d ry s tem s
o f g ra s s , id a c c d a t t h e b o ttom o f th e h o le , c o v e re d OA'er Avith a th i c k m a s s o f fe a th e r s .
T h e s e b ird s h a v e tAvo b ro o d s in a se a so n . I n 18C-i h e n o te d t lie ir a r r iv a l in S a n M a te o
C o u n ty on th e 2S tli o f M a r c h .” D r . C o o p e r s a y s :— “ I h a v e n o t o b se rv e d th i s sp e c ie s
AA'cst o f t h e C o a s t l l a n g e , e x c e p t Avhou em ig r a tin g . T h e y a p p e a re d a t S a u ta C ru z in
18GG, on M a r c h 1 9 th , a n d a la rg e llo ck , Avitli a fcAv Chcetura, s to p p e d fo r a fcAV h o u rs on
t lie ir Avay soutliAvard, O c to b e r 5 lli, Avhicli d a te s a ro p ro b a b ly a b o u t th e u s u a l o n e s fo r
th e i r m ig r a tio n s .”
'¡Mr. C h a rle s ToAvnseiid, iu b is a c c o im t o f th e b ird s o f N o r th e r n C a lifo rn ia , say s t h a t
“ th e V io le t-g r e e n SwalloAv A v as o f te n se e n iiy in g o v e r th e a lm o s t in a c c e s s ib le lim e s to n e
ro c k s Avliieli croAA'ned th e h ig h r id g e o p p o s ite th e U n ite d S ta te s F is h e ry .” H e r e h e
p ro c u r e d h is firs t a n d o u ly sp e c im e n o n J u l y -1, 18S3.
M r. L . B e ld in g , in h is p a p e r on th e B ird s o f C e n tr a l C a lifo rn ia , sa y s t h a t i t Avas first'
re c o g n iz e d o n th e 7 th o f A u g u s t a t D u n b a r ’s M ill, Avlien a t le a s t a h u n d r e d w e re in
s ig h t. T h re e d a y s afterAvards i t Avas s e e n fly in g o v e r th e m e a d ow s a t B ig T re e s , a n d
t h e r e a f te r n e a r ly ev e ry d a y t i l l A u g u s t 27. T h e y c h o se a s a r e s tin g -p la c e t h e to p
b r a n c h e s o f a t a l l d e a d p in e n e a r th e h o te l, o u t o f s h o o tin g - r a n g e ; a n d o fte n , AV'hen
fly in g , w e re so h ig h a s to b e se e n w i th d iffic u lty ; o c c a s io n a lly , hoAvever, th e y m in g le d
w ith Barn-SwalloAV's n e a r th e g ro u n d .
M l’. E v e rm a n n s ta te s t h a t th e sp ec ie s is r a th e r c om m o n iu V e n tu r a C o u n ty d u r in g
th e s p rin g m ig r a tio n , a n d a fcAv r em a in to b re e d . M r. B e ld in g o fte n saAV tb e spee ie s in
w in t e r in th e e x tr em e s o u th o f L ow e r C a lifo rn ia .
I n A r iz o n a P ro fe s so r E l l io t t C o u e s fo u n d th e V io le t-a n d -G re e n Sw a llow n e s t in g n e a r
E o r t W h ip p le . M r. S c o tt, in h is p a p e r o n th o b ird s o b s e rv e d b y h im in s p r in g in
S o u th e rn A riz o n a , s a y s t h a t i t w a s “ n o t u n c om m o n in sm a ll flo ck s a t th e A'ery h ig h e s t
a lti tu d e a n d in th e h e a v ie s t p in e -tim b e r . T h e y f r e q u e n t ly a l ig h t e d o n t h e u p p e r lim b s
of d e a d tre e s , a n d d o u b tle s s b re e d h e re in th e d e s e rte d W o o d p e c k e r h o le s ,” L a t e r h e
AAuites:— “ I n th e C a ta lin a s th i s is th e c om m o n e s t o f th e S avrHows, b u t , c u r io u s ly , a t
th e loAver a l titu d e s (tOOO fe e t) in th e s p r in g i t is r a r e o r does n o t o c c u r. I n th e s p r in g
o f 1 8 8 5 , I fo u n d i t c om m o n in l a t e A p r il o n th e s um m it o f th e m o u n ta in s in th e p iiie -
Avoods, b u t th o u g h I h a d lo o k e d f o r i t c a re fu lly a l l th e p re c e d in g s ix w e ek s a t th e a l t i tu d e
of m y h o u s e I o u ly saAv a s in g le in d iv id u a l, on M a r c li 1 1 th . I n t h e l a t e s um m e r a n d
fa ll, from A u g u s t 1 5 th t i l l O c to b e r 7 th , i t AA’a s c om m o n in th o re g io n n e a r m y h o u se .
I t p ro b a b ly b re e d s in th e p in e s o f th e C a ta lin a s in n um b e r s .’’
D r . M e a rn s h a s re c e n tly p u b lish e d t h e folloAving n o t e :— “ T h is e .x q u isite b ird is
h ig h ly c h a r a c te r is tic o f th e AA'ooded m o u n ta in re g io n s o f A r iz o n a , Avhcro i t b re e d s , n o t
o n ly in th e liolloAvs o f tre e s , b u t A'ei*y f r e q u e n t ly in c a v itie s in cliffs. W h i l e fo r th e
m o s t p a r t r e ti r in g to th e h ig h e r l a n d d u rin g t h e b re e d in g -s e a so n , a g o o d m a n y pa.ss th e
s um m e r a n d b re e d in th e AA'ooded c a n o n s in w h ic h th e r e a r c s tre am s , in th e low e r
c o u n try . N o n e Avere fo u n d b re e d in g in th e im m e d ia te A'alley o f th e V e rd e , in th e
v ic in ity o f E o r t V e rd e , b u t th e y w e re s u r e to b e fo u n d a f te r a s c e n d in g , fo r a s h o rt
d is ta n c e , a n y o f th o t r ib u t a r y s tre am s t h a t floAV th ro u g h ca fio n s f r om th e h ig h p la te a u .
T h e r e th e y u s u a lly n e s t o n tb e lim e s to n e cliffs Avhich fo rm th e Avails o f th e c a fio n s .”
I n N cav M e x ic o P ro fe s so r C oues fo u n d th e sp e c ie s a b u n d a n t o u t l i e R a to n M o u n ta
in s , a n d M r. HenshaAv Avrites:— “ T h is , th e o n ly SAvalloAV s p e n d in g tb e s um m e r in
N ew M ex ico , o r in f a c t o c c u r r in g a t a ll, Avas e x trem e ly n um e ro u s a l l th r o u g h th e p in e -
woods, AA'hcre i t fin d s e v e ry c o n v e n ie n c e for n e s t in g iu th e m u l ti tu d e o f p e r fo r a te d s tu b s .
A f te r th e y o u n g Avcro o n th e Aving, th e b ird s l e f t th e p in c -w o o d s a n d re s o r te d to th e to p s
o f th e rid g e s a u d th e open v a lle y s , Avhere, h ig h in m id -a ir, th e y Averc s e e n b u s ily lum tiu g
fo r in s e c ts . O n S e p tem b e r 8 th th e y aati'c s till to b e n o tic e d , th o u g h th e m a jo rity h a d
d e p a rte d som e tim e b e fo re . A few d a y s la t e r a n d th e la s t h a d d is a p p e a re d .”
M r. W . L lo y d , in h is p a p e r o n th e b ird s o f W e s te rn T e x a s , s ta te s t h a t i t Avas s e e n a s
a f a ll m ig r a n t in C o n ch o C o u n ty , b e in g o b s e rv e d a n d ta k e n o n th e 1 s t o f S e p tem b e r , a n d
se e n a g a in o n th e 1 s t o f O c to b e r. I t h a s n o t b e e n re c o rd e d from T om G r e e n c o u n ty .
3 K