I !
ii I
v e g e ta b le d ow n , a t t a c h e d to th e u n d e r p a r t o f s n a g s p ro je c tin g som e fo u r fe e t a b o v e th e
w a te r .”
T h e e g g s o f th i s sp e c ie s c lo s e ly re s em b le th o s e o f JI. ru s tic a , b u t a r e d e c id ed ly
sm a lle r, a n d a re , w e th in k , s om ew h a t le s s g lo s sy . T h e y a r e m o d e r a te ly b ro a d ovals,
s lig h tly c om p re s s e d tow a rd s o n e e n d , h a v e a pinky-Avhite g ro u n d , a n d a r e v e ry fm ely
sp e c k le d a n d s p o tte d , t h in ly a t th e sm a ll e n d , m o re d e n s e ly a t th e la rg e e n d , Avhere th e r e
is a te n d e n c y to fo rm a zo n e , w i th d iffe re n t sh a d e s o f d u l l p u rp l e a n d broAvnish re d . I n
som e a ll tb e m a r k in g s a r e c om p a ra tiv e ly la rg e a n d c o a rse , in o th e rs ex c e s s iv e ly m in u te ,
a n d th e in t e n s i ty o f t h e c o lo u r o f th e m a rk in g s v a r ie s m u c h in d iffe re n t sp e c im e n s .
I n l e n g th t h e e g g s v a ry from 0-()-l to 0 7 7 in c h , and in b readth f r om 0-48 to
0 '5 7 in c h ; b u t th e aA'erage size is a b o u t 0 7 by O o inch.
Air. R h o d e s M o rg a n a lso o b se rv e s :—
“ B re e d s in th e N e ilg h e r r ie s in th e ro o fs o f h o u se s a n d A’c r a n d a h s , also on la rg e ro c k s
a n d cliffs. I n sh a p e th e n e s t re s em b le s a p o c k e t o r th e h a l f o f a te a c u p . I t is fo rme d
o f sm a ll c la y p e lle ts a g g lu t in a t e d to g e th e r w ith th e s a liv a o f th e b ird , a n d is v e ry firm ly
c em e n te d to th e fa c e o f t h e ro c k . T h e l in in g c o n s is ts o f f e a th e r s . T h e e g g s a r e g e n e ra lly
tw o in n um b e r , m in u te ly sp e c k le d w ith c la re t-c o lo u r e d sp o ts o n a w h itis h g ro u n d , tlie
s p o ts b e in g g a th e r e d to g e th e r in a zo n e a t th e la r g e r e n d . AA’e r a g e l e n g th 7 7 in c h ,
b r e a d th -5.”
I n N o r th e r n B o rn e o Air. J o h n AA’h ite h e a d sa y s i t is o f te n fo u n d “ n e s t in g u u d e r th e
v e r a n d a h s o f lio u se s, b u t I o n c e saAV a n e s t in a n o ld t r e e - s tum p , AA-hich AA’a s s ta n d in g u p
in th e m id d le o f a riv e r . T lie n e s t is m a d e o f m u d a n d g ra s s , a n d c o n ta in s tA v o eg g s
in A lay a n d o th e r m o n th s . T h e e g g s a r e w h ite , s p o tte d a n d m a rk e d lik e th o s e of
I I . r u s tic a .”
T h e fo llow in g n o t e Avas s e n t b y tb e l a te G o v e r a o r U s s h e r from L a b u a n “ I s seen
everyAA-here: a ffe c ts th e s e a -sh o re , a n d e v e n th e o p e n s e a a t t im e s ; b u ild s a b o u t h o u se s ,
b u t a lso in o ld t r e e s ; fr e q u e n t ly p e r c h e s o n o ld s tum p s o n th e se a -b e a ch ; a n d is fo n d of
sw a tu p y lo c a litie s tow a rd s e v e n in g , Avheii i t flies v e ry I o a v .” A c c o rd in g to Air. T rc a c h c r,
t h e n a tiv e n am e is “ L a y a n g l a y a n g k u c k ie .” S ir H u g h L ow s e n t a q u a n t i ty o f eg g s
ta k e u in A lay 1 8 7 3 in L a b u a n . H e say s t h a t i t a lso b re e d s in fis su re s o f ro c k s. T h e
e g g s a r e Avhite, co v e re d w ith sm a ll re d d ish -b row n a n d piu*ple sp o ts , ch ic fiy n e a r th e
th i c k e r en d ; o n e o f th e e g g s is v e r y th i c k ly c lo u d e d n e a r t h e th i c k e r e n d Avith re d d ish
a n d p u r p l e ; a x is 0 7 - 0 7 5 , d iam . 0 -5 -0 -5 5 . S om e o f th e e g g s a ro m u c h le s s th ic k ly
s p o tte d t h a n o th e rs , th e sp o ts b e in g q u ite t in y in m a n y o f t h e m ; in m o s t th o re d d ish
s lia d e p r e d om in a te s ; b u t iu a few t h e d o ts a r e n e a r ly a l i p a le p u rp le , w ith som e tin y
sp e c k s o f re d .
T lic d e s c rip tio n s a r c fr om sp e c im e n s in th e B r itis li A lu scum , a n d th e fig u re is ta k e n
from a u in d iv id u a l p ro c u r e d b y Air. AVyatt iu J o h o r e , in th e A la la y P e n in s u la .
H I R U N D O N A M I Y E I (Stejn.),
L IU -K IU SAVALLOAV
C h elid o n n am iy e i, S te jn . P ro c . XI. S. N a t. Alus. ix . p. 6 4 6 (18 8 6 ).
JU ru n d o ja v a n ic a n am iy e i, S e eb o hm , B ird s J a p a n . E m p . p . 1 42 (18 9 0 ).
H. similis H . ja v a n ic a , seel m a jo r.
Hub. in insulis ‘ L iu K iu ’ dietis.
“A d u lt male. Above, except forehe ad a n d an te rio r p o rtio n of crown, black, with a s tro n g gloss o f steel-
b lu e someAvhat in c lin in g to gre enish j forehead an d an te rio r h a lf o f th e crown deep c h e s tn u t, th e
fe a th e rs o f th e la tte r b e in g bluish b la ck in th e c e n t r e ; lores deep v e lve ty b la c k ; cheeks a n d lower
e a r-coverts, cliin, th ro a t, and fore ne ck b rig h t taw n y haz e l, in c lin in g s lig h tly to cinnamon, ami
be coming somewliat lig h te r tow a rd s th e b r e a s t; u p p e r h a lf o f th e e a r-covc rts a n d sides o f neck
blu ish b la ck, like th e ba ck, tb is colour de sc ending on th e side o f th e bre a st, fo rm in g a distin c t
sem ilune on each side, which p a r tly sepa ra te s th e hazel o f th e ne ck from th e r e s t o f th e m u le r
su rface, which is o f a n e a rly p u re d rab , each fe a th e r n e a r th e m iddle lin e o f th e body broadly,
th o u g h n o t very d is tin c tly , ma rg in ed with w h ite ; u n d e r wing-cove rts a n d axilla rie s o f a d ra b
colour, s imila r to th a t o f th e b re a s t, b u t d a r k e r ; wings and ta il above black, with a fa in t gloss of
stc c l-grc cn ; th e ta il-fc a th c rs , exc ept th e middle p.iir, with a n oblique oval white spot in th e in n e r
web towards th e tip s , th o se on th e o u te r p a ir being th e sm a lle st, 'ro ta l le n g th , a c co rd in g to
Nam iy c , 145 m m .; s tr e tc h o f wings 325 m m .; wing 118 mm. ; lo n g e s t ta il-fe a th e rs 58 m m .;
fu rc a tio n o f ta il 14 m m .; exposed culmen 8 '5 m m .; ta r su s 10 m m . ; mid d le to e a n d claw
15 mm.”
Hab. L iu K iu o r Loo Choo Islands.
AA'e h a v e n o t seen, th i s spec ie s, Avhich h a s b e e n d e s c rib e d b y D r . S te jn e g e r fr om a s in g le
sp e c im e n o b ta in e d b y A ir. N am iy e in th e L iu K iu A r c h ip e la g o a t U r a s s o im a g ir i o n th e
is la n d o f O k in a tv a S h im a . A s Air. S e e b o hm h a s a lre a d y p o in te d o u t, i t a p p e a rs to h e
m e re ly a som ew h a t la r g e r ra c e o f JJ. ja v a n ic a , w i th a w iu g o f IB in c h e s in s te a d o f 1.-4,
Avliich is su p p o se d to h e th e l im i t in I I . ja v a n ic a .
Dr. S tc q u cg e r g iv e s th e fo llow in g n o t e “ O u r ncAV sp e c ie s is m u e li n e a r e r re la te d
to I I . ja v a n i c a th a n to R . n eox ena, b u t differs from i t n o t o n ly in size, b e in g , a s i t is,
c o n s id e ra b ly la rg e r , b u t also in c o lo ra tio n . T h e g lo ss o f th e u p p e r su rf a c e is m o re
g r e e n is h ; th e h row n o f th e th r o a t is m o re c h e s tn u t ; th e g re y o f t h e u n d e r p a r t s d e e p e r
a n d le s s t in g e d Avith r u s t y ; th e u u d e r ta il-c o v e rts d a r k e r a n d t ip p e d w ith a p u r e Avhite