b a c k ; g re a te r cove rts and se conda rie s bla ck ish , edged with tlie same p urplisli blue as tlic b a c k ;
in n e rm o s t g r e a te r cove rts a sh y o n th e ir in n e r web, tin g ed with ru fo u s ; ha sta rd -w in g , prim a ry -
coverts, a n d q uills b la ck ish , e xte rn a lly glossed w ith s tc e l-g re c n ; ta il-fe a th e rs bla ck ish , g lossed w ith
s te e l-g re en , a ll b u t th e c en tre fe a th e rs with a spot o f pa le ru fo u s on th e in n e r web, becoming
la rg e r towa rds th e o u te rm o s t, ivliere i t is in th e fo rm o f a la rg e oblique ma rk ; fro u ta l bau d deep
c h e s tn u t; lores b la ck ; e a r-co v c rts and sides o f n e ck glossy p u rp lish b lu e ; cheeks an d th ro a t
deep ch e s tn u t, with a h a lf-co lla r o f g lossy p u rplish b lu e coming down ou th e sides o f th e fore
neck, b u t n o t fo rm in g a ban d a cross : rem a in d e r o f u n d e r su rfa c e o f body b r ig h t ch e s tn u t, n o t so
deep as th e t l i r o a t ; th e u n d e r ta il-co v e rts equa lly b rig h t c h e s tn u t like tlic b re a st, an d h aving
s lig h tly ind ic a ted spots o f p u rp lish b lu e a t tlie ends o f th e fe a th e rs ; axillaries and n n d e r wing-
cove rts ex a c tly lik e th e b re a st, th e coverts n e a r th e edge of th e wing s lig h tly m o ttled with ashy
b ases to th e f e a th e r s ; quills d usky below. To ta l len g th / S inches, culmcn 0 '4 , wiug 5 '9 , ta il 5 '7 ,
ta rsu s O' i.
lln b . N o r th - e a s te rn Asia from I rk u ts k to K am ts ch a tk a , visitin g Pokin and probably b re eding the re .
W in te rin g iu th e lowlands o f D a c c a , th e Burmese provinces, and Tenasserim, and even extending
to S o u th America.
T y t l e r ’s C h im n e y -Sw a llow b e a rs th e sam e re la tio n to I I ir u n d o g u t lu r a lis t h a t
If. s a r ig n ii does to H . ru s tic a . I t is a n in t e n s e ly r u f o u s b ird w i th o u t a p e r fe c t co llar.
AVe k n ow t h a t th e sp e c ie s n e s ts in K am ts c h a tk a , a n d i t h a s b e e n sa id to b re e d in th e h ills
o f A s sam a n d A l a n ip u r ; b n t th i s s t a tem e n t is, in o u r o p in io n , e r ro n eo u s .
AVe id e n tify w i th I I . t y t l e r i sp e c im e n s in th e B r itis h A lu s c um from th e following
lo c a litie s :— K am ts c h a tk a , I r k u t s k , S a d h y ia , K h a s ia l i i l l s . C a c h a r, D a c c a , P e g u , a u d
'I'avoy, a s w e ll a s th r e e A m e r ic a n sp e c im e n s fr om B ra z il, P a r a , a u d D u e ñ a s in G u a tem a la .
T h a t a ll th e s p e c im e n s from th e In d o -B u rm e s e c o u n trie s a r e ty p i c a l I I . ty tle r i, we
w o u ld n o t, h ow e v e r, a s s e rt, fo r som e o f th em in c lin e to th e p o s se ssio n o f a tliro a t-b a n d ,
a n d b o th from D a c c a a n d T a v o y w e liav e se e n sp e c im e n s w h ic h Ave r e g a rd a s in te rm e d ia te
b e tw e e n I I . ru s tic a a n d I I . t y tle r i, w h ile a u in d iv id u a l fi*om th e G u rg a o n d i s tr i c t n e a r
D e lh i a p p e a rs to f a ll Avithin th e s am e c a te g o ry .
T h e n o r th e r n r a n g e o f T y t l e r ’s SAvalloAv h a s b e e n w e ll d isc u s se d b y D r . S te jn e g e r in
h is c e le b ra te d Avork o n th e o rn ith o lo g y o f K am t s c h a tk a a n d th e C om m a n d e r Is la n d s ,
a n d h e a g r e e s t l i a t th e ru fo u s -b re a s te d Swallow o f th e s e lo c a litie s c a n n o t h e sp ec ifically
d is tin g u is h e d from ty p ic a l I I . t y tle r i. I n K am ts c h a tk a , a c c o rd in g to D r . S te jn e g e r , th e
“ BroAvn-bcllied Sw a llow ,” a s h e c a lls i t, b re e d s a b u n d a n t ly in a n d a b o u t PetropauloAvski,
AA'here h e m e t Avith i t d u r in g th e m o n th s o f J u n e a n d J u l y 18S2. l i e a d d s :— “ AVhen, in
1 8 8 3 , I le f t th e tow n o n o n e o f th e l a t t e r d a y s o f A lay t h e y h a d n o t y e t a r riv e d from th o
s o u th , a n d a t m y a r r iv a l th e r e iu th e m id d le o f S e p tem b e r th e l a s t o n e h a d a lre a d y
d is a p p e a re d , so t h a t t h e i r w h o le s o jo u rn la s ts le s s th a n th r e e m o n th s . Air. J o s e p h
L u g e b il in fo rm e d m e t b a t tb e SwalloAA'S a r riv e d o n J u n o 3, a n d d is a p p e a re d on
A u g u s t 1 9 . D u r in g th e m ig r a tio n in s p r in g a feAV s tra g g le rs som e tim e s p a y a iiy in g v is it
to B e rin g I s l a n d .” T h u s tw o AA'ere re p o r te d to D r . S te jn e g e r from th e N o r th R o o k e ry
o n J u n e 1 9 , 1 8 9 3 , a n d a n o th e r w a s o h sc rv ed a t L a d ig in s k th r e e d a y s latei*. A s in g le
e g g le f t i n th e n e s t wa s p ro c u r e d in th e f a l l ; i t w a s w h ite , h e a v ily s p o tte d Avith lila c
an d sep ia-b row n , r e s em b lin g th o s e o f U . e r y th r o g a s tr a a n d ü . ru s tic a . D r . D y b ow sk i
p ro c u re d th r e e n e s ts AA'ith e g g s n e a r P e tro p a u low s k i, a n d D r . TaczauoAVski d e s c rib e s th e
l a t t e r a s s im ila r to th o s e o f th e E u ro p e a n sp ec ie s w ith th e s am e v a r ia tio n s .
T h e p re s e n t spec ie s h a s b e e n c o n s id e re d as, a t b e s t, a v a r ie ty o f ü . r u s tic a a n d
II . g u t tu r a lis h y th e S ib e ria n e x p lo re rs M id d en d o rff, S e h re n c k , a n d R a d d e , a n d i t is
th e re fo re d iffic u lt to d e te rm in e th e r a n g e s o f e a c h sp e c ie s in th e i r Avorks. D r . S te jn e g e r
h a s m a d e som e cleA'cr d e d u c tio n s , a n d sh ow s t h a t i t is T y t l e r ’s SwalloAV Avhich Avas
fo u n d b y A lid d en d o rff a t U d s k ij O s tro g a t th e m o u th o f th e U d a A^alley, AA’h e n c e its
m ig ra tio n to a n d from L a k e B a ik a l a n d D a u ria e x te n d s a lo n g th e s o u tlie rn lin e o f th e
StanoA'oj A lo u n ta in s .
T h e o th e r re fe r e n c e s to th e S ib e ria n SAA-allows a r e v e ry c o n fu s in g , a n d Ave fa n c y t h a t
TaczanoAvski’s id e a s a s to th e tw o ru fo u s -b re a s te d SwalloAvs, I I . t y t l e r i a n d J l e r y th r o g
a s tra , a r e som ew lia t u n c e r t a in , a n d w o u ld h a v e b e e n re v is e d i f h e h a d liv ed to p u b lish
h is OAvn b o o k . H e re fe rs Alid d en d o rff’s b ird from U d sk ij O s tro g to U . e ry th ro g a s tra ,
• Avhich h e allows o n th e s am e a u th o r i ty to n e s t o n th e Y e n esei. T h e r e seems to be
a th o ro u g h m u d d le r e g a rd in g th e s e S ib e ria n sp e c im e n s , a n d th e m a t t e r Avill n e v e r he
c le a re d u p t i ll som e c om p e te n t n a tu r a l i s t re -e x am in e s th e o rig in a l s p e c im e n s iu th e
S t. P e te r s b u r g A lu se um . T h is w ill d o u b tle s s soon b e d o n e b y D r . P le sk e , b u t u n t i l th e n
o n r su rm is e s a r e lik e ly to b e in e o rr e c t.
Suffice i t to say t b a t a n e x am p le from I r k u t s k in th e B r i t is h A lu s c um is id e n tic a l
in ev e ry re sp e c t Avith th e b ird s from K am ts c h a tk a , a u d d o u b tle s s th o b ird b re e d s in th o
fo rm e r lo c a lity .
In C h in a th e p r e s e n t spec ie s h a s o n ly b e e n s e e n n e a r P e k in , AA'here A b b é D a v id
re c o rd s h a v in g n o tic e d sp e c im e n s Avith p e c u lia rly d a r k u n d c r p a r t s , a s Avell a s in U p p e r
A lo n g o lia . T h e o n ly a u th e n ti c re c o rd , hoAvevcr, o f th o c a p tu r e o f a sp e c im e n o f
I I . t y t l e r i h a s b e e n fu r n is h e d b y A ir. S ty a n , avI io d e s c rib e s îaa' o sp e c im e n s k ille d n e a r
P e k in ; a n d a s a frie n d o f h is n o tic e d scA'cral d a rk -c o lo n re d sp e c im e n s , i t is p o s s ib le t h a t
T y tlo r’s SAvallow is n o t u n c om m o n in th e v ic in ity .
T y t l e r ’s SAA'allow was firs t d e s c rib e d b y D r . J e r d o n from D a c c a , Avbere i t A\'as firs t
b r o u g h t u n d e r h is n o tic e b y t h a t e x c e lle n t n a tu r a l is t Air. E . B . S im so n , aaTio th u s
d e sc rib e s th e d isc o v e ry o f th e sp e c ie s :—
“ I n A p r il 1 8 6 3 I o b se rv ed , fo r th e firs t tim e , t h a t a g r e a t n um b e r o f SAvalloAvs
fly in g a b o u t th e low m a r s h y la n d to t h e e a s t o f D a c c a a n d n e a r th o riA’e r L u k y a , Avhich
lie s sontliAA-ard from A lym c n s in g to N a ra in g u n g e , Avhcre i t m in g le s w i th th o n um e ro u s
s tre am s from S y lh c t a n d th e e a s te rn o u tle ts o f th e G a n g e s , h a d re d b e llie s . N o su c h
b ird Avas d e sc rib e d in th e firs t v o lum e o f J o rd o n ’s ‘ B ird s o f I n d i a , ’ a t t h a t tim e t h e o n ly
Avork o n I n d i a n B ird s p u b lish e d . I Avrotc to J e r d o n a b o u t i t , a u d h e to ld m e t h a t th e
b ird h a d b e e n o b s e rv e d b e fo re b y T y tle r , a n d t h a t h e AA'Ould e n te r i t in a n a p p e n d ix ,
w h ic h h o a c c o rd in g ly d id u n d e r th e n am e o f I lir u n d o t y tle r i. J e r d o n say s th e y AA'ere
a b u n d a n t a t D a c c a in J u n e , b u t Avere a b s e n t in O c to b e r ; I h a v e , hoAvevcr, s e e n th em
u e a r D a c c a toAA'ards th e e n d o f O c to b e r. I saAv th em in t h e i r g r e a te s t n um b e r s iu
I n