T he river Cayfter, after entering the plain, runs by Galle-
fus, and crofies above the lakes, oppofite the fquare tower.
Lower down it leaves but a narrow pafs, obftrufted with
thickets, at the foot of the mountain. It then becomes wider
and deeper j and mingles, the ftream Hill and fmooth, with die
fea. On the banks, and in the morafs or port, and in the lake
near the ferry, we few thick groves of tall reeds, fome growing
above twenty feet high j and it is pbfervable, that the River-
god is reprefented on the Ephefian medals with this aquatic as
one of his attributes.
A n ordinary bridge of three arches is built over the river, at
the foot of Gallefus. The road on that mountain has been
hewn in the rock. Our Armenians told us the work was done
by St. Paul, with a Angle ftroke of a fcymitar. Some Caravans
ftill ufe i t ; and croffing the plain and the mouth of the morafs
or port, proceed to the gap below the fquare tower, and to
Scala Nova without touching at Aiafaluck.
T he Cayfter has its rife up in the country among the hills
formerly called Cilbianian. It brings down many rivers, with
a lake, i f yet in being, once named the Pegaiean; which was
driven into it by the Pyrrhites, a furious ftream, as may be inferred
from the name. The ilime, which is collected in its
tour ft, propagates land. The fea once adted by its flux and
reflux on the port of Ephefus. This has been diminiflied in
proportion, as the foil has increa&d and become firm ground.
The river alfo has perhaps gradually changed its own bed, while
it has augmented the plain.
T he arrangement of this portion of the coaft, given by
Strabo, is as follows. After Neapolis, now Scala Nova, and
Phygela, going northward, was port Panormus, which boafted
the temple of the Ephefian Diana j then the city, which had
arfenals and a ports beyond the mouth of the Cayfter was a
lake, .
lake, called Selenufia, made by water which the fea repelled ;
and in the feme direction, another, communicating with it 5
then, mount Gallefus. Panormus, it is likely, was the general
name of the whole haven, and comprized both the Sacred Port
or that by which the temple flood, and the City-Port now the
morafs. The former is perhaps quite filled up.
P l in y mentions, that, in confequence of the encroachments
of the river on the fea, the ifland Syrie was then feen in the
middle of a plain. That ifland was, I fuipedt, the rock of
Aiafaluck.
C H A P . XXXVIII.
O f the temple o f Diana — The idol— Account o f it — The priefs,
Hie. — - Self-manifejlations o f the goddefs —- An Pphfian decree
*■— Remarks.
W E would clofe our account of Ephefus with the preceding
chapter, but the curious reader will ajtk, what is become of the
renowned temple of Diana ? can a wonder of the world be va-
nilhed, like a phantom, without leaving a trace behind ? We
would gladly give a fetisfa&ory anfwer to fuch queries j but to
our great regret, we fearched for the fite of this fabric to as little
purpofe as the travellers, who have preceded us.
T he worfhip of the great goddefs Diana had been eftablifhed
at Ephefus in a remote age. The Amazons, it is related, fecri-
ficed to her there, on their way to Attica in the time of The-
feusj and fome writers affirmed, the image was firft fet up by
them under a tree. The vulgar afterwards believed it fell down
from Jupiter. It was never changed though the temple bad
been reftored feven times.
T a i s