to fix their abode. An oracle was con fill ted, and gave for anfwer,
“ A filh fhould {how them, and a wild hog condudt them.” It
happened fome fifhermen were breakfafting here on the Ipot,
where afterwards was the fountain called Hypelaus or that
under the olive-tree, near The /acred port. One of the filh leaping
from the fire with a coal fell on fome chaff, which lighting
communicated to a thicket, and the flames difturbed a wild hog
lying in it. This animal ran over great part of the Tracheia, and
was killed with a javelin, where afterwards was the Atheneum
or temple of Minerva, without the city of Lyfimachus. The
Ionians leaving Samos, eredted their city on Tracheia and by
the Atheneum and Hypelaus. They alfo founded a temple of
Diana by their agora or market-place, and of Apollo Pythius
by the port. This was the city which Croefus befieged, and
the Ephefians prefented for an offering to their goddefs, annexing
it by a rope to her temple, which was feven ftadia or a mile,
wanting half a quarter, from it.
| A nd ro c lu s, affifling the people of Priene againft the Ca-
rians, fell in battle. His body was carried away and buried by
the Ephefians. His monument, on which was a man armed,
was fhown in the fecond century near the road going from the
temple of Diana by the Olympium toward the Magnefian gate.
His pofterity poffeffed hereditary honours in the time of Tiberius
Casfar. They were titular kings, wore purple, and carried
in their hands a wand or fceptre. They had, moreover, precedence
at the games, and a right of admiffion to the Eleufinian
myfteries.
T he temple of Diana, which role on the contributions of all
Afia, produced a defertion of the city of Androclus. The Ephefians
came down from the mountain, and fettled in the plain by
it, where they continued to the time of Alexander. They were
then unwilling to remove into the prefent city, but a heavy rain
falling and Lyfimachus flopping the drains, and flooding their
houfes, they were glad to exchange.
T he
T he port of Ephefus had originally a wide mouth, but foul
with mud, lodged in it from the Cayfter, Attains Philadelphus
and his architedts were of opinion, that, i f the entrance were
contradted, it would become deeper, and in time be capable of
receiving fhips of burthen. But the flime, which had before
been moved by the fltlx and reflux of the fea, and carried off,
being flopped, the whole bafin quite to the mouth was rendered
fhallow. The morafs, of which I had a perfedt view from the
top of Prion, was this port. It communicates with the Cayfter,
as might be expedted, by a narrow mouth j and at the water-edge
by the ferry, as well as in other places, may be feen the wall
intended to embank the ftreatii, and give it force by confinement.
The mafonry is of the kind termed Incertum, in which the
ftones are of various fhapes, but nicely joined. Thefituation was
fo advantageous as to overbalance the inconveniences attending
the port. The town increafed daily, and under the Romans
was accounted the moft confiderable emporium of Afia within
T aurus.
T oward the end of the eleventh century, Ephefus experienced
the fame fortune as Smyrna. A Turkifh pirate, named
Tangripermes, fettled there. But the Greek admiral, John
Ducas, defeated him in a bloody battle, and purfued the flying
Turks up the Maeander to Polybotum. In 1306, it was among
the places which fuffered from the exadtions of the grand-duke
Roger and two years after, it furrendered to Sultan Sayfan,
who, to prevent future infurredtions, removed moft of the inhabitants
to Tyriasum, where they were maffacred. The tranf-
adtions in which mention is made of Ephefus after this period,
belong, as has been already obferved, to its neighbour and fuc-
ceffor Aiafaluck.
E phesus appears to have fubfifted as an inconfiderable place
for fome time. The inhabitants being few, and the wall of
Lyfimachus too extenfive to be defended, or too ruinous to be
R repaired,