C H A P . LXXVII.
ChiJhulFs journey to Birghe— - t o 7Tyria---- to Ephefus___ I
Account of tyria.
W E ihall give here an abftradt of Chifhull’s journey, in
2699» from Sardes to Ephefus*
T he afcent o f Tmolus is made eafy by windings or traverfes.
The mountain is pleafant, and garniihed with ah infinite variety
o f plants, ihrubs, and trees. Befides a fine profpedt of the
country, the traveller is amuled with impending rocks, perpen-
dicular precipices, and the murmurs of a brook, probably the
Padtolus. On the top, which he gained in four hours, was a
fruitful vale, between two lofty ridges ; with a vein of marble
as clear and pellucid as alabafter. It was the latter end of April;
but fnow remained on the fummits, and fupplied a rapid current
defcending into the Padtolus, The air was chilled, and vegetation
retarded. The trees, which, with a kindlier aipedt, were
green and flourilhing, had not even budded there. After an
hour, he entered a ilpny track, leading down the fouthern fide
o f Tmolus. This was ileep and dangerous, or tedious with
windings; but adorned with bright and fhining particles refem-
IjPvS gold-dull. In five hours he arrived at Birghe.
.O n the way from Birghe to Ephefus, he forded the Cayfter,,
after three hours, not far from an antient bridge of three arches,
ranging with the bank, and witnefling, that the ftream has
changed its channel. He then travelled in a fertile and well
cultivated champaign country, between two high and fnowy
mountains, Tmolus and Meffogis, in a region inexpreffibly
delicious; with frequent villages; 'and in feven hours came to
iyna.
F rom
F rom Tyria to Ephefus has been reckoned twenty five miles.
The way is in a long, narrow, and almoft deferted vale. He
came in feven hours near the end of the Aleman or Gallefus,
on which is the old callle mentioned in our journey from
Smyrna. The Cayller was on his right hand, and there
mingled with the Pegafean lake, which was large and muddy. •
T he approach to Tyria is by a gentle afcent from the plain.
The houfes are numerous, with trees and gardens intermixed.
It had then about fourteen mofques, one of which was of royal
foundation, as the double minaree fhowed. The Greeks had
tw o churches. When TVmoi-i.,«»« . « „ g c a A n a tu i ia or the Eaft,
in 1402, this was one of the principal cities. He marched
to it from Aiafaluck, and forced the inhabitants to pay a ran-
fom. There he was informed of the ftate of Smyrna. Tyria
was in the intereft of Cineis, and helped him to recover Ephefus
from Sultan Solyman. The antient name, it is fuppofed,
was Tyriseum. Xenophon has mentioned Tyrisum as a populous
city, by the plain of the Cayfter.
C H A P . LXXVin.
We crofs the Hermus — A t Bazocleu — the Gygaan lake — Its
hijlory — the coemetery o f the Lydian kings — the barrow o f
Halyattes — O f the antient Lydians.
B E F O R E Sardes, on the oppofite fide of the plain, are
many barrows' on an eminence, fome of which are feen afar off.
We were told, that behind them was a lake; and agreed to vifit
it. We left Sardes in the afternoon,-and re-pafled Padtolus,
farther on ; the ftream foul and dull. In an hour we came to
the banks o f the Hermus, which was alfo muddy, but wide
and rapid. We forded with the water up to our girths, and then
rode
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