116 S I P H O N A N T H ^ .
tìoralibus multo majoribus segmentìs 10—30-jugis oblongis obtasìs crenatis floribus axillaribiis
pedi celi at is racemis centrifugis sfep is siine condensatis calycis globosi inter costaa
liivsutas reticulati antice ad medium fissi 5-dentati segmentis supparibus lanceolatis vel
ovatis margine serratis corollfe tubo extus puberulo calycem dimidio duplove excedente
labio 3-partito lobis lateraiibus rotundatis medio oblongo duplo majoribus galea subinftata
circiniiata parte basali fauce tensa dorso bistorta parte antberigera falcata in rostrum
prfolongutn jjrofunde bifidum segmentis lanceolatis sonsini abeunti staminibus apice tubi
iiisertis filaraentis glabrìs margine undulatis ovario lanceolato stigmate exserto capsula
caìyce dimidio longiore ovato-laneeolata apice acuta seminibus majusculis profunde
r e t i c u l a t i s . — P . bicornuta Ehtzsch, Rois. Pr. Wuld., Boi. 109, t. 61; Hook, f., Fior. Brit.
Ind. iv, 312.—P. esimia Watt^ Jour. Linn. Soc. xviii (1881), 381, t. 13.
I n HIMALAYA o c c i d e n t a l i :—Ka s hmi r ; in P y r Pati]al, Falconer! Iloyle ! Bellcw ! Sedgwick!
Sartnrius ! Alimalikimat, Falconer! apud Kamri, 11—13,000 p. s. m., Giles! Laliul, 10 —
10,000 p. s. m., Brandis ! Watt! in valle Bliaga, 9,500—13,000 p. s. m. ; apud Sungnum in
Spiti, 11,500—12,000 p. s. m. ; prope Trantse Sundo in Karnag, 14—17,000 p. s. m. ; prope
Puddum, 12,000 p. s. m. et apud Rangdam Goupa in Zauskar, 12—14,000 p. s. m., Stoliczka !
Piingi, 11—16,500 p. s. m., 3eyde ! in jugo Sanch, 14,000 p. s. m, Ellis! Kunawar
Ilofmeister; Garhwal, in valle Nila, 10—11,000 p. s. m. ; Tebri, apud Kudughera, 11 —
12,000 p. s. m. et in valle Damdar, 10—11,000 p. s. m., Duthie ! Gilgifc; Sai, 11—13,000
p. s. m., Tanner! Badakshan ; Ishidtoul, 9,000 p. s. m., Giles! Afghanistan; in valUbus
Karram et Hariab in declivis graminosis, 10—12,000 p. s. m. et apud Shendtoi, in pratis,
10—11,000 p. s. m., Aitchison! Junio-Augusto floret, corolla concolor lutea.
Caulibus 6 - 4 0 cm. altis cygai pennaj crassitudinc, rhizomatibus usque ad 10 c.m.
longis ; foliorum petiolis 4—6 cm., laminis 8—10 cm. longis 2 cm. latis segmentis 5—8 mm. ;
peciicelHs 3—6 mm., calyce 15—18 mm., corolla tubo 18—28 mm. gale® parte basali 2-5
inm. longa 2 mm. lata parte antberigera 6 x 3 mm. rostro 9—11 nim. labio 27—30 mm.
lato; capsula 25—30 mm. longa 10 mm. lata basi rotundata, seminibus 2-5 mm. longis.
PLATE 3. A, B; figs. 1—14.—Pedicularis bicornuta .^/OÌÌSC/ì.
A, figs. 1—11.—Specimen from Pangi.
B, fìgs. 12—14.— „ „ Kurram Valley, Afghanistan.
This account of P. bicornuta is based on an examination of 62 separate specimens,
and on the analysis of flowers from specimens of 29 different gatherings.
The nearest ally of the species is P. elephantoides. The diagaosis is as follows ; —-
coroUa throat contorted, beak deeply 2-fid P. bicornuta ;
corolla throat not coatorted, beak very loag, entire at apes P. ekphantoides.
There are two distinct forms of the species—that from Garhwal and the Panjab
Himalaya with elongated looser racemes, with a longer corolla tube and with smaller
calyx teeth ; and that from the Trans-Indus district, which has more condensed racemes,
a shorter corolla tube, larger calyx teeth and a more densely leafy stem, But the
peculiarly contorted corolla throat which characterises this species and makes its
confusion with any other Indian species impossible is the same in both districts, so that
the forms are not separable even as varieties. Extreme conditions of the more Eastern
form (Dathie 237!) from Rudughera in Garhwal have very lax racemes and closely
resemble P. msgalantha, which species, however, is without the contortion of the corolla
throat and has hirsute anterior filaments. The Trans-Indus form, on the other hand,
repeats the habit and foliage of P. elephantoides.
SIPHONANTH^, 117
Klotzsch's figure represents the usual Eastern form and is excellent; Watt's figure,
which I have been enabled, through the kindness of its author, to compare with thw
original specimen of P. eximia, shows the calyx teeth smaller and the beak less deeply
bifid than they are in the plant which the artist had before him ; P. eximia is simply
the ordinary Eastern form of the species originally described by Klotzsch.
5. Pedicularis elephantoides Benih. (1835).
Elata pubescens caule erecto stricto incrassato foliis petiolatis oblongis pinnatifidLs
caulinis iuferioribus demum emarcidis floralxbus majoribus segmentis 6 12-jugis
oblongis obtusis crenatis floribus axillaribus pedicellatis raceinis centrifugis condensatis
vel basi interruptis calycis globosi inter costas dense reticulati antice ad medium fis.si
5-dentati segmentis late lanceolatis duplicato-serratis postico reliquis duplo minoro
corollíB tubo calycem dimidio excedente labio tripartito lobis lateraiibus rotundatis medio
oblongo duplo majoribus galea subinflata circinnata parte basali tubo dimidio latioru
erecta fauce integra parte antberigera falcata in rostrum rectiusculum porrectum a basi
tenue apice resupinato integrum abeunti staminibus apice tubi insertis fìlaruentis glabris
margine undulatis ovario lanceolato stigmate subcxserto capsula calyce tríente longiore
ovato-lanceolata apice acumiaata.—P. elephantoides Benth., Scropli. Ind. 53; Walj?.,
Rep. iii, 413; Bcnth., DO. Prodr. x, 564; Mazim., Mei. Biol. x, 82 et xii, t 1, / 4 ;
Prain, Jour. As. Soc. Beng. Iviii, 2, 269.—P. rhinanthoides MooL /., Fior. Brit. Ind. iv,
S 1 4 (pro parte, nec Sokrenk) (1884).
I n HIMALAYA occidentali :—Ka s hmi r , Roy le, Sedgtoick !
Pedicellis 3—6 mm., calyce lo—18 mm., corollfe tubo 18—25 mm. galeaì parte
basali 3 inm. longa 2 mm. lata parte antherigera 6 x 3 mm. rostro 18 mm, longo labio
28 mm. lato. Radix specimini Calcuttensi deest; capsulse mihi ignota3 descriptio ex
ili. Maximowicz, Le. Julio floret. Corollam luteam concolorem in speciminibus Roylei
invenit Maximowicz ; in specimine Calcuttensi tubum labioque luteum galeam rostroque
purpuream video.
PLATE 3. C; fìgs. 15—21.—Pedicularis elephantoides BentJi.
Specimen from Kashmir collected by Major Sedgwick, R.E.
This account of P. elephantoides is based on Bentham's very brief diagnosis, on the
excellent description and figure by Maximowicz II. ec., and on the examination of two
flowering specimens collected in Kashmir in 1885. The species is very closely allied to
P. bicornuta, of which it repeats the foliar leaves, calyx, corolla tube and lip, as well as
the glabrous stamens with very characteristic undulate margins. It differs, however, in
the uucontorted corolla throat and in the much longer and quite undivided beak. In his
figure of Royle's plaut Maximowicz shows the midlobe of lip truncate and the anterior
filaments sparingly hirsute. These characters are not present in Sedgwick's specimens.
The species appears to be rare, for no specimens were received either at Saharanpur or
at Calcutta from the time of its collection by Royle till Sedgwick met with it in 1885.
It is just possible that it may bo a hybrid, P. bicornuta X megalantha.
6. Pedicularis megalantha Don (1825).
Elata (rarissime nana) erecta vel ascendens pubescens vel glabrata caulibus simplicibus
vel ramosis radice centrali elongato fusiformi collo radicibus brevibus c^spitosis fibrosis