374 INDEX
Mountains, difference between nortb and
south faces of, 344
Mussoorio, route from, 159, 340
Mutilations, 196
NAKJU, 296-298
Names, 67
Namkaran, 352
Nampa glacier, 166
Nanda Devi (goddess), 15, 358, 360
Nanda Devi, Mt., 4, 33, 34
Nanda Kot, 34
Nari—
extent of, 307- 308
situation of, 142
subdivisions of, 154-155
Nendipbu monastery, 279, 280
Neo Dhura (Darma) Pass (Nooi La,
Slrekliu La), 32, 64 .
Nepaul, relations of, with Western Tilet,
198-200
Nikhurpas, 356
Nilang—see Lilang
Nirba, the, 172, 174-176
Nirchang, 187
Nirpani, 133
Nirvana, 238-239
Niti Pass, 264
height of, 32, 149, 340
trade dues of, 159
Valley, 348
Noh, 157
Nose-rings, 355-356
Nu-Wang, 338
Nuns, 188-189, 207
O’Connor, Capt., 146
Officials (see also Garplians, Jongpens,
Tarjums)—
buttons worn by, 180-181
dual authority among, 306, 313
farming of office by, 146—147, 201,
286, 288, 296, 309
forced labour for, 202, 313,
physique of, 308-309
powers of, 145—146
substitutes for, 150-151, 282, 297
trading by, 204
unfairness of, 298
Oracles, 245
P a d m a S a m b h a v a , 81, 244, 246
Pajia, 167
Palden chamo, 243-244
Pancholi, 352
Pandukeshar, 359-360
Parbati, legend of, 285
Pashm, 158
Passes, various, 32, 340, 343-344
Pe, 246
Peling, 178
Perron, Gen., 264
Phallic worship—see Ling of Shiva
Philibhit, route from, 149
Photographs, 333
Pilgrimages, 49-51, 144-145, 149-^150
Pilgrims—
methods of, 280
predatory, 283
sufferings of, 267-268
variety of, 283
Polyandry, 15, 88-89, 189, 190, 193, 205
305-306
Polygamy, 306, 356
Post,forwarding of, 145, 161, 286-288
Poultry, 294
Prag (Allahabad), 2
Prayer-poles (darcho), 85, 90, 95
Presents, 164, 175-177
Proxies, system of, 150-151, 282-283, 297
Punishments, 194-196
Purang —see Taklakot
Purda, 65
Purification, 352, 356
R a i n , 170, 336, 366
Rajis (Ban Manus), 10-20
Rakas Tal (Lagang)—
channel betweeu Mansarowar and,
269-272
fish and water-birds of, 273
monasteries on, 267-269
sanctity of, 3, 32, 273
Sutlej connected with, 284-285
track to, 260
view of, 21-8, 260
otherwise mentioned, 161, 278
Ramayana quoted, 36-38
Ramganga River, 50
Rankas, 63 .
Rats, 291
Rawats (Shokas, Sokpas), 63, 346, 349-350
Rawling, Capt., 158
Reincarnation, 232, 246-249
Religions—
Bhotia—see under Bhotias
Bon—see subheading Taoism
Brahminism—see that title
Buddhism—see that title
Lamaism—see that title
ritual, 84, 254-256
symbols, 85-88
Tantrik sect, 51, 79-80, 241
Taoism of Tibet (Bon), 76, 81, 82, 86
Religious ecstasy, 358-360
Rivers, fording of, 296
Roads, 135-136, 149, 158-159, 294,363-364
Routes to Western Tibet, 340, 343-344
Rudok—•
horses and jockeys from, 298, 299
importance of, 157
Lahaul traders at, 310
revolt of, against exactions, 316
route to, 340
situation of, 155
Rudok, Jongpcn of, 308
Rungung monastery, 259, 260, 279
Russians a t Gartok, 264
S a c r i f i c e s , 93
Saithans, 90
Sakyas, 184
Salt, legend as to, 346-347
mi ties, 263
Salutations, 317-318
Samgaon, 346
Samur monastery, 279
Sand-flies, 23
Sangcha, 344
Sangcham, 164, 362
Sarju River, 50
Sarpen, 302, 308
Scarf used in petitions, 192-193
Scent, 320
Sekung, 231
Sex relations, 187-188, 190—see also
Marriage
Seyaktza, 128,130
Shangrang Pass, 340
Shapes (ministers), 250
Shekhu La—see Neo Dhura
Shel Shel Pass, 343
Shibchilam, 324, 336, 338
Shipki Pass, 340
Shiva, legends of, 3, 47, 50-52, 285
Shokas (Sokpas, Rawats), 63, 346, 349, 350
Siberia, height of, 156
Sickness—
Bhotia ideas as to, 93-99
spells against, 98-99
infectious, death custom after, 122,127
Longstaff in request for, 20, 27, 95
mountain, 164, 362
rites for, 360
Si-fan, origin of name, 62
Simla trade route, 340
Sipchu, 287-288
Sirang Pass, 340
Snake-bites, 23,
Sokpas (Shokas, Rawats), 63, 346, 349-350
Songs, Bhotia, 107-108
Spectacles, 174, 319
Spells and incantations, 95,98-99, 119, 245
Spiti, 310, 340
Spirit of the ground, concern for, 327-328
Sports, 300
Srinagar route, 340
Sron Tsan Gampo, King, 81, 242, 247
Stones, 294, 296
Strachey, Capt. H , 270
Sutlej River (Lang Chin Ivamba)—
cultivation along, 336
legend as to, 45
source of, 284-285
villages along, 326
Supernatural powers, 256
Supreme Court, trials in, 311-312
Suttee, 52
Swastika, 85-86
T a k l a k o t (Purang)—
distance of, from Garbyang, 141
dual authority at, 313
Grand Lama of, 163
height of, 259
Taklakot (continued)—
“ High Street ” of, 208
houses in, 200
roofed with cloth, 327-328
Jongpen’s fort at, 88
market at, 160, 284
monastery at (Shivling)—
boys i n , 184
devil-dancing at, 257
Hindu name for, 186
nuns in, 188
officials of, 187
visit to, 87,181-184
wealth and position of, 154,182, 18 7
situation of, 170, 263
superstitions at, 95
Taklakot, Jongpen of—
intercourse with, 208-210
Nirba of, 172
poultry farm attempted by, 294
rank of, 180-181
residence of, 170
son of, a t Taklakot, 174, 180-181
son of, viceroy elect, 181, 306
wife of (Chum), 177-179, 210
otherwise mentioned, 162, 299, 326
Taklakot district—
fertility of, 168
trade in, 205-206
villages of, 200 and note
Tamdin, 244
Tanakpur, 9
route from, 149
Tantrik sect, 51, 79-80, 241
Taoism (Bon), 76, 81, 82, 86
Tara, 242
Tarjums—
Barkha, at—see Barkha
duties of, 145, 161, 286-288
Nakiu, at, 297-298
number of, 161
Tashi Lama, 232, 234, 248
Tashigong, 168
Tea—c
onstituents of, 68, 331
Indian, future for, 332
stimulating plant in, 318
Tea-drinking, 40, 318
Tehri Garhwal traders, 337-338, 340
Temples, 254
Tents, 330
Thermometers, results by boiling of, 217,
229
Thok Jalung, 46, 302
height of. 157, 308
Thokar (Thui) monastery, 268 -269
Thomas, George, 264
Thugs, 79-80
Tibet—
Amazon kingdom, 338-339
Buddhism introduced into, 81
height of plateau, 4
military establishment, 151-152
name, origin of, 62
resources of, 140
women of, 88, 208, 316, 317