RED-THROATED OUZEL.
Turdus rujicollis, Pall. Reis. Russ. Reichs, iii. p. 694 (1776); Severtz. Turkest. Jevotn. p. 197
(1873); Tacz. Faun. Om. Sibir. Orient, p. 300 (1891).
'Red-necked Thrush, Latb. Gen. Syn. ii. p. 31 (1783),
Turdus erythrv/rus, Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. Mus., Passeres, pi. 149, no. 200, pi. 149 a,
no. 720 ; id. in Gray’s Zool. Misc. p. 83 (1840).
Planesticus rujicollis, Bp. Cat. Parzudaki Coll. p. 5 (1856).
Turdus rujicollis (nec Pall.), Finsch, Ibis, 1877, p. 50.
Merula rujicollis, Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. v. p. 269 (1881) ; Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind.,
Birds, ii. p. 130 (1890).
Turdus naumanni (nec Temm.), Oust. Ann. Sci. Nat. (7) xii. p. 301 (1892). ]
M. rostro fusco, mandibulâ flavâ : caudâ rufâ : supercilio, facie laterali, gutture toto et præpectore rnfis : corpore
reliquo subtùs albo, hypochondriis pallidè cineraceis.
In the adult plumage this species is easily recognized by its rufous throat and chest and by the
ashy-grey sides of the body ; in this latter character it resembles T. atrigularis, with which it
associates on migration and with which it frequently mates.
I t is a common species in Eastern Siberia, where it nests on the mountains, in the forests
of Cembra pines, according to Taczanowski (Faun. Orn. Sibir. Orient, p. 303). I t winters in
China, as well as in Central Asia and'the Himalayas, passing through Mongolia on migration.
Taczanowski gives the following note by Mr. Godlewski:—“ Very common dunng the spring
passage on Lake Baikal and in Dauria, arriving later than T. fuscatus and T. naumanni : the first
individuals appeared at the end of April, and the bulk of the migration did not take place till
the first half of May. I t consorts with the two Thrushes above named, and is of similar habits,
but it leaves later than they do, and is not so noisy during its migrations. In the nesting-
season we have observed them on the Khamar-daban, at the limit of the Cembra pine-forests,
where the birds were very shy. Young birds were already flying in July. In August we
had seen them travelling in troops to the foot of Mounko-sardik, not mixed with other species.
During the autumn migration they are very rare, and we have seen single individuals at the
commencement of October. Some remain all the winter in the southern part of Lake Baikal,
where they inhabit the rushes in thé marshes, and they are sometimes seen on the southern slopes
of the mountains, where the snow does not lie, and here they feed on berries and seeds of different
plants. In general they are scarce at this season, but in some winters they are more numerous
than in others. Curiously enough, Godlewski says that all the specimens which he found in the
Baikal district in winter were not typical birds, but had the throat and fore-neck mottled with
dusky, but without any rufous. He further says that he never found the species- on the
shores of the Sea of Japan, nor did Janskowski or Kalinowski, who continued his explorations in