PISCES JUGULARES.
F ISH E S W H O S E V E N T R A L F IN S A R E P L A C E D M O R E EO RW A RD TH A N T H E
P E C TO R A L E IN S, O R U N D E R T H E TH RO A T .
T h e j?Ki. T w o dorsal in a groove in the middle o f the back ; the first scapular consisting o f soft spinous
rays, o f which the first and three last are very sho rt; the second lumbar, declining ; the pectoral are very low,
orbicular; the ventral distant from each other, ratlier behind the pectoral; the anal declivous, exactly opposite
to the second dorsal; the caudal distant, equal, or truncate.
T h e colour o f the upper part darkish, with a faint mixture o f y e llow ; below the line the colour brightens to
white. T h e dorsal, pectoral, and ventral fins are variegated with black lines; the anal are light-coloured ; the
caudal remarkably striped, black, white, and yellow.
T h e length o f the subject described nine inches; but tliey are sometimes found double that size.
i i i i i
CALLIONYMUS.
G E N E R I C C H A R A C T E R ,
Caput labio superiore duplicato. Oculi ap-
pro xim a ti. Membrana branchiostega v i.
Apertu ra nucha fo ram in ib u s respirante.
Opercula clausa. Corpus nudum ; p in n a
ventrales remotissima.
T h e u p p e r l ip d o u b le d ; ey e s n e a r each
o th e r. T h e b r a n c h ia l m em b ra n e w ith
v i . r a y s ; th e o p e rc u la c losed, s p ira c u la
at th e h in d h e a d . B o d y w ith o u t s c a le s ;
th e v e n tr a l fins d is ta n t from th e h e a d .
No. XLVL
C a l l i o n y m u s capite scahro, a lepidoto ; linea laterali ca r in a ta ; cauda integra varia striata.
T h e C a l l i o n y m u s w i th a ro u g h scaleless h e a d ; a c a rin a te d late ra l lin e ; an u n d iv id e d
tail, stre a k ed w ith d iffe re n t colours.
Ccdlionymus indicus, L in n . S . f i f . p . i S A.
Platycephahis Spa th u la . Bloch, P i. 423.
C a lled b y th e N a tiv e s I r r w a .
-2-
B . v ii. D . 9. 13. P . 19. T. 6. A . W . C. 16.
T h e body wedge-form, very small towards the tail; squamous, rough, scales very small, orbicular, ciliatc.
T h e bead broader than the body, long, wedge-form, depressed, without sca le s ; but rough, and a line o f small
prickles behind each eye. T h e mouth terminal, la rg e; the under jaw considerably longer tlian the u pp er :
both set with numerous minute, linear, sharp teeth, in many close ranks. T h e tongue thin, hard, smooth
resembling in figure and colour, the flint o f a small pistol. T h e palate tuberculous, and set with teeth. T h e
eyes vertical, small, oval, near the nose, separated b y a groove or furrow. T h e nostrils double, very
small.
T h e opercula squamous, armed on each side with two hard, lanceolate, spines, and a softer spine near the
point o f the posterior lamina. T h e branchial membrane ha lf exposed, has seven thick ossicles.
T h e trunk wedge-form, depressed; the back straight; the belly protuberant but flattish; the sides liardly
con v e x ; the tail very taper. T h e lateral line straight, suimeme, carinate, rough. T h e anus nearly middle.
No. XLVII.
C a l l io n ym u s capite sulcato, spinis munito ; linea laterali aculeala.
T h e C a l l io n y m u s , w ith a fu rrow e d h e ad , a rm ed w ith s p in e s ; th e lateral lin e p r ic k ly .
Called also b y th e N a tiv e s , I r r w a .
9 _L
.B .v ii. jO. 9. 12. P. 18. V. 6. A . 12. C. 16.
T his fish agreeing in its form, as well as in most other material points, was found on a comparison o f subjects
o f the same size, to differ in the following circumstances.
T h e crown o f tlie liead less depressed, more rough and p r ic k ly ; the opercula not squamous; each was armed
with three spines; and two rows o f prickles passed from the nostrils to tlie hind head between the orbits. T h e
eyes were larger.
T iie lateral line more highly carinate and prickly. T h e second dorsal fin fibrous ; all the fins o f a darker
colour, and the caudal had not the coloured streaks remarkable in the former fish.
R EM A R K S .
T h e position o f tlie ventral fins should certainly exclude these two last described from the order o f Jugular
fishes ; and Bloch has made a distinction: but in Gmelin’s Linneus, tliey still retain their place.
No. XLVIII.
B l e n n iu s ? dorso gibbo ; aculeo curvo, vaginato, cristam referente, dorso anteriore; p in n a
ventrales pentadactyla, molles ; cauda bifurca.
T h e B l e n n iu s ? w ith a h um p ; a c u rv e , sheatlied s p in e , o n th e a n te rio r p a rt o f th e back,
resem b lin g a crest ; a v e n tr a l fin o f five soft ray s ; th e tail forked.
Called at V iz ag ap a tam , S omdrum K a r a M o o d d e e , at Madras K a k a s e .
B . vii. D . T . 17. P. IS. V. 5. A .T À . C. 22.
T h e body somewhat ovate, but with a protuberance in the back ; much compressed, without scales, smooth,
pellucid.
T h e bead small, compressed, without scales; front declivous, carinate; rostrum short, truncate. Mouth
middle, a little oblique, wide; no lips, cheeks membranous. Jaws extractile; the under moves freely, and has