No. CLXXXVIII.
C l u p e a pinna dorsali radiis quindecem, anali radiis quadraginta.
T h e C l u p e a w ith fifte en ra y s i n th e dorsa l f i n , a n d fo r ty ra y s in th e a n a l.
C alled b y t h e N a tiv e s D i t c h e l e e .
B . y . D . 15. H. 15. P. 7. A . 4 0 . C. 20 .
T he body. This species in its shape differs from the herring ; the back is more straight, and the hinder part of
the tail rises more obliquely towards the caudal fin.
The Send naked, compressed, the crown and front grooved, rostrum sliort. The mouth oblique, without
teeth; the exterior hinder part of the upper jaw serrated, the lower jaw short and carinate, covered by the
upper when the month is shut. The tongue, palate, opercula, branchial membrane, and aperture, as described
in the Kowal : but the eyes here are larger, and the nostrils closer to the edge of the rostrum.
The tnolb. The branchiæ, lateral line, and anus, differ inconsiderably from the Kowal.
T h e > s . The position and shape of the fins also as described in the Kowal ; only that the pectoral are
rather higher, and the anal much longer than in that fish.
The colour. The upper part of the head and trunk changeable green; the rest silvery; the belly of
a pearl colour.
Leng-ii of the subject six inches.
No. CLXXXÍX.
C l u p e a maxilla superiore retro-elongata in processum acutum, denticulatum ; operculo posteriore
maculato, acuminato ; squama lanceolata supra pinnas pectorales et ventrales.
ï l i e C l u p e a w i th a re tro fle x p ro c e ss from th e u p p e r m a x illa , d e n tic u la te d , a n d sh a rp -
p o in te d ; th e h in d e r o p e r c u lum a c um in a te a n d m a rk e d w i th a b la c k sp o t ; a lan c eo la te
scale ab o v e th e p e c to ra l a n d v e n tr a l fins.
C alled b y th e N a tiv e s P o o r a w a h .
Z . x i i . D .T a . p . 14. V. 7. A . 35. C. 18.
T he body oblong, compressed, covered with large loose scales. The back straight, convex; the sides more
convex than in the herring, and the belly more prominent, but thin, carinate, and prickly.
The bead without scales, compressed, declivous, front depressed, grooved. Mouth oblique, very wide, the
lower jaw shortest, and truncate, the upper has a long reflex, serrated process, reaching to the pectoral fin :
both jaws have numerous small teeth. The tongue and palate rough. The eyes middle, small, round, iris
golden. Nostrils nearer the rostrum than the orbit. The brancliial opercula striate, gilded, with a black spot
on the pointed margin. The membrane has twelve rays ; the aperture wide.
The trunk. The branchiæ as already described ; the lateral line, as far as could be discerned, straight ;
anus remote.
TheZni- The dorsal nearly in the middle, has a small short spine in front of thirteen descending rays; the
pectoral very low, with a large lanceolate squama at its rise; the ventral has one similar, but smaller, and seven
rays; the anal has thirty-five; the cauda! bifid, with eighteen rays.
The colour a dark bluish green on the upper parts; the sides and belly pearly. The opercula, as before
mentioned, appear as if gilded, and have a black spot on the margin. The dorsal, anal, and caudal fins have a
yellowish cast, the ossicles black; the pectoral and ventral whitish.
Length of the subject eight inches.
No. CXC.
C l u p e a maxilla superiore retro-elongata in processum denticulatum ; operculo mutico ; macula et
squamis lanceolatis carens.
T h e C l u p e a with a retroflex denticulate process from the upper jaw ; the operculum not
acuminate ; and without the spot and lanceolate squamæ.
Called b y the Natives P e d d a h P o o r a w a h .
B. xii. D. 13. P. 14. V. 6. A. 46. C. 20.
T hough this spedes agrees with the last in the reverted maxillary process, it differs greatly in other respects.
The body is more arched, and the tail has a bend downwards ; the lateral line conspicuous, and very slightly
curve ; the abdomen not serrated.
The head small, the front almost horizontal; the mouth extremely oblique ; the under jaw shorter than the
upper, but not truncate. The teeth, tongue, palate, eyes, and nostrils, as in the former; the opercula also
golden, but not striate, and there is no black spot.
The Jins. The disposition of the fins as in the last ; the pectoral low, and the ventral in the middle between
it and the dorsal; but the lanceolate scale is wanting in both.
The colour the same as in the last species, only that the ossicles of the fins are not black.
Lengtb eight inches.
No. CXCI.
C l u p e a corpore ohlongo ; ore simo, oculis magnis ; linea laterali sub -curva deorsum.
T h e C l u p e a with an oblong body ; a flat moutli ; large ey es; the lateral line somewliat
bent downwards.
Called b y the NativesJ a n g a r i . o o .
B . vi. D . M . P. M . V. 6. A. A3. C. 22.
In the form of the body and disposition of the fins, as well as in otlier characters, this species agrees with the
last described. It differs in the following: the lower jaw is thicker, shorter and truncate; the upper has no
reverted process ; tlie branchial membrane iias six raj's only ; the eyes are much larger ; and tlie lateral line
instead of being arched, bends a littie downwards.
The fins are nearly of the same shape as in the last species ; but the first ray of the pectoral is a remarkable
fiat, bread, ossicle, with a ramous point; and the rainous rays of the fins are more unequal in length. The
caudal hii bifid, as usual.
VOL. II.