more elevated than the rest, forms a ridge at the end bounding
a circular depression ; end view elliptic.
S iz e . Length 43-53 g ; diam. 38 g (N.).
Nordst. Norges Desm. (1878), p. 12. Wille Norges Fers.
(1880), p. 25.
H ab. In ponds and bogs.
Lake D istric t; France, Norway. '
Plate X L I I .,fig . 2.
a, living frond; J, empty fro n d ; c, end view ; d.
side view.
Cosmazium cozouatum. Cie. Sf Wills, Orevillea (1880) ix., p. 90.
Rather large. Frond about as long as broad, or rather
shorter, constriction deep, linear, semi-cells quadrilateral, narrowest
at the base, dilated upwards, very slightly convex at the
ends, rough all over with elongated conical granules, arranged
in lines (about eight at the end and four on each side), side
view truncate at the ends, end view elliptic.
Siz e . Length 65-70 g ; diam. 75-80 g ; side view diam. 45 g
(C. & W.).
H ab. In mountain pools.
North Wales.
Plate X L I ., fig. 7. a, living frond ; h, empty frond ; c, side view ; d,
end view.
Cosmazium b iz e tum . B rel, in Balfs. Besm. (1848), p. 102, t. 16,
f . 5.
Frond in front view about as long as broad ; constriction
deep, linear ; segments quadrilateral or subhexagonal, narrowest
at the base, and dilated upwards, convex or somewhat truncate
at the ends ; rough all over with small granules arranged somewhat
in lines ; end view with a rounded lobe on each side and
rounded at the ends.
Siz e . Diam. 55-60 g (Wo.) ; length 85 g ; diam. 85 g
(C.).
Archer in Prit. Inf, (1861), p. 733. Nordstedt Desm. Arct.
(1875), p. 26. Cleve Sver. Desm. (1864), p. 488. Lundell
Desm. Suec. (1871), p. 30. Petit Liste Desm. Paris (1877),
p. 30. Nordst. & Wittr. Desm. Ital. (1876), p. 40. Rabh.
Alg. Eur. (1868), p. 171. Wittr. Sottv. Alg. (1872), p. 55.
Schaarsohm. Magy, Desm. (1883), p. 264. Wolle Desm. U.S.
(1884), p. 86, t. 17, f. 1, 2. Wille Nov. Zem. (1879), p. 85.
Kirchner Alg. Schles. (1878), p. 154.
H ab. In ponds.
Sussex ; France, Germany, Sweden, Italy, Hungary, Nova
Zembla, United States.
tz iq u e tzum . Breb. L iste Besm, (1856), p. 130. B alh, Alg.
Eur. (1868), p. 171.
End view with three rounded angles; sides deeply sinuous.
France, Spitzbergen, Sweden, Nova Zembla.
Plate X X X IX ., fig. 5. a c, living fronds; I d, empty fronds; e,
end view.
Cosmarium Broomei. Thw. in Ealfs. Desm. (1848),^. 103, t. 16,
/ . 6 ; i .3 2 , / .7 .
Frond in front view about as long as broad, constriction deep,
linear ; segments quadrilateral, ends straight, angles rouuded,
rough all over with minute granules ; end view twice as long as
broad, slightly inflated at the middle, and rounded at the ends.
Zygospore orbicular, smooth.
Siz e . Length 57 g ; diam. 57 g (D .) ; diam. 30-45 g
(Wo.) ; length 50 g ; diam. 42 g (0 .) .
Brebisson Liste Desm. (1856), p. 130. Archer in Prit. Inf.
(1861), p. 734, t. 1, f .7 . Delponte Desm. (1878), t. 8, f.
44-48 ? Lundell Desm. Suec. (1871), p. 29. Nordst & Wittr.
Desm. Ital. (1876), p. 41. Wood F. Water Alg» U.S. (1872),
p. 133. Wolle Desm. U.S. (1884), p. 86, t. 17, f. 6-9. W ittrook
Scan. Desm. (1869), p. 13. Rabh. Alg. Fur. (1868), p.
171. Jacobsen Desm. Denm. (1874), p. 194. Kirchner Alg.
Schles. (1878), p. 154.
H ab. In brackish water.
Snssex, Gloucester, Cornwall; France, Germany, Sweden,
Denmark, Italy, United States.
Plate X L ., fig. 1. a c, living fronds; I d, empty fronds; e, end
view.
Cosmazium och thod e s. Nordst. Lesm. A rc t. (1875), p . 17, t. vl.,
f i 3.
Medium size, about one-half longer tlian broad, elliptical-
oblong, deeply constricted, with a narrow linear sinus, semi-cells
semi-circular or sometimes almost triangular, with convex sides,
apex rounded, lower angles rectangular, margin densely crenate,
end view elliptic, side view obovate, membrane densely warted
with depressed warts, arranged in radiating concentric series,
at the apex of the semi-cells, and in the centre often less distinct.
Siz e . Length 70-90 g ; diam. 51-66 g ; isthmus 18-27 g
(N.), 87-98 g ^ 64-72 g (N. & W.) ; diam. 52-70 g (Wo.).
Nordst. Desm. Arct. (1875), p. 40. Nordst. & Wittr. Desm.
Ital. (1876), p. 28. Wille Nova Zem. (1879), p. 35. Lemaire
Desm. Vosg. (1883), p. 19. Wolle Desm. U.S. (1884), p. 76,
t. 14, f. 10, 11.
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