2.3
Sussex, Kent, Surrey, Hants, Cheshire, Westmoreland,
Cornwall, Wales, Scotland; France, Germany, Italy, Sweden,
United States.
Plate IX ., fig. Z. a, living cell ; J, empty cell.
C lo s tex ium F x itc h a x d ia n um . Archer Micr. Journ. (1862), ii. p.,
250, t. 12, f . 25-27.
Frond gradually tapering, ten to fourteen times longer than
broad, curvature slight ; lower margin very slightly concave,
inclined upwards at the tapeung conical truncate ends; endoohrome
with several fillets, and a single longitudinal series of large
granules, empty frond very finely striate, reddish near the ends.
S iz e . 0-35-0-5 mm. x 80-35 p (A .). Sometimes 50 p
broad (C.).
Lundell Desm. Suec. (1871), p. 79. Nordstedt Norges Desm.
(1873), p. 41. Nordst. and Wittr. Desm. Ital. (1876), p. 27.
Eabh. Alg. Eur. (1868), p. 129.
Closterium lanceolatum. Cleve Bidrag (1864), p. 495, t. 4,
f. 7.
H ab. In pools.
Ireland, Wales ; Sweden, Norway, Italy.
Plate X ., fig. 1. a, living cell; I c, empty cells; d, extremity of
empty cell.
P la teX V .,fig 7 .Z jg o s p o v e .
C lo s te x ium p xæ lo n g um . Breb. Liste (1856), 152.
Frond very slender, extremely long, thirty-five to forty times
as long as broad, sliglitly curved, very gradually tapering ;
upper margin slightly convex, with a depression near each extremity
; lower concave, inclined upwards towards the rounded
ends, large granules in a single series. Empty frond colourless,
without markings.
S iz e . 0-78 mm. x 2 0 p (A.) ; 0'87 mm. x 2 0 p (D.).
Archer in Prit. Inf. (1861), p. 747. Rabh. Alg. Eur.
(1868), p. 130.
H ab. In pools.
Ireland ; France.
Plate X ., fig 2. a, living cell ; b, empty cell ; e, zygospore.
*** Frond tapering, lower margin concave, often inflated in
the centre, inclined downwards towards rounded or sub-acute ends,
empty frond without strioe.
t Frond slender, curvature slight.
C lo s te x ium g ia c ile . Breb. Liste (1856), jp. 155, t. 2 , f . 45.
Frond very slender, about twenty-five to thirty times as long
as broad, linear, nearly straight, except at the extremities,
which are curved downwards, sides parallel, ends (ffituse,
endoclirome arranged iu a zigzag or sub-spiral manner. Empty
frond without stri®. Zygospore globose smooth.
Size. 0 ’15-0'2 mm. X 5-6 p ; 0-2-0 35 mm. x 8 p (0 .) .
Diam. 5-6 p ; zygospore 28-30 p (W.).
Archer in Prit. Inf. (1861), p. 748. Cleve Sver. Desm
(1864), p. 495. Nordstedt Norges Desm. (18/3), p. 4U.
Jacobsen Desm. Denm. (1874), p. 172. Wolle Desm. U.S.
(1884), p 39, t. 6, f. 4, 5. Kirch. Schles. 137.
H ab. In boggy pools.
Ireland ; France, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, United States.
C. aracile most resembles C. juncidum, but it differs from that species
in the arrangement of the endocbrome, and also in the empty frond
being withoat strii®.
Plate X I I I . , fig. 8. a, living c e ll; b, empty cell.
f t Frond lunate, curvature considerable.
C lo s te rium E h x e n b e x g ii. Meneg. Syn. Lesm. (1840), 232.
Frond large, stout, about five or six times as long as broad,
lunate, extremities tapering, upper margin very convex, lower
concave, with a conspicuous central inflation, ends broadly
rounded, large granules, numerous, scattered, fillets several;
empty frond colourless, without stri® ; central suture not evident.
Zvgospore orbicular, smooth.
S i z e . ' 0-37 mm. x 60 p (R.) ; 0'3 2 -0 '5 mm. X 57-80 p
(D.). Diam. 7 5 - 1 1 0 (W.). • -n -i. t r
Hassall Fr. Alg. ( 1 8 4 5 ) , t. 8 4 , f. 1 . Archer ui P u t. Inf.
( 1 8 6 1 ) p. 7 4 8 , t. 1 6 , f. 1 0 to 1 4 . Ralfs. Desm. ( 1 8 4 8 ) , p. 1 6 6 ,
t 2 8 f. 2 . Delponte Desm. ( 1 8 7 8 ) , p. 9 3 , t. 1 6 , f. 1 8 - 2 0 .
Cleve Sver. Desm. ( 1 8 6 4 ) , p. 4 9 4 . Nordstedt Norges Desm.
( 1 8 7 3 ) , p. 4 1 . Petit Liste Desm. Paris ( 1 8 7 7 ) , p. 2 8 . Grunow
Desm. Austr. ( 1 8 5 8 ) , p. 4 9 7 . Wood P. Water Alg®
U S . ( 1 8 7 2 ) , p. 1 1 3 . Wolle Desm. U.S. ( 1 8 8 4 ) , p. 4 5 , t. 7 ,
f. 1 6 . Wittrock Scan. Desm. ( 1 8 6 9 ) , p. 2 3 . Brebisson Liste
Desm. ( 1 8 5 6 ) , p. 1 4 8 . Rabh. Alg. Eur. ( 1 8 6 8 ) , p. 1 3 1 .
Lunulina monilifera, Bory Ency. ( 1 8 2 4 ) , t. 3 , f. 2 2 , 2 5 , 2 7 .
Closterium lunula, Ehr. Infus. ( 1 8 3 8 ) , t. 5 , f. xv., 2. Hassall
Fr. Alg. ( 1 8 4 5 ) , t. 8 4 , f. 4 2 . t , tv
Closterium moniliferum forma Ehrenbergiana, Jacobsen Desm.
Denm. ^ 8 7 4 ) , p. 1 7 0 . ., tt -n
Closterium moniliferum, c. Ehrenbergii, Klebs. Desm. Pruss.
( 1 8 7 9 ) , p. 1 0 .
H ab. In ponds and streams.