island. This village is distant from the chief town of Lomboc, called Mataram, three
miles inland, by a good road, having throughout an avenue of Indian fig-trees. The
wide bay of Amp&nan is but an open roadstead, on the shore of which a heavy surge
frequently rolls, cutting off all communication with shipping. Within it, however,
and sixteen miles distant from the village, there is a land-locked harbour, called
Labuhan-pring (Bamboo anchorage), where shipping can take shelter, but which,
from the prevalence of malaria on its shore, arising from want of ventilation, cannot
be used permanently.
AMUK, The muck of the writers of Queen Anne’s time, who introduced the
word into our language. In Malay it means a furious and reckless onset, whether
of many in battle, or of an individual in private. The word and the practice
are not confined to the Malays, hut extend to all the people and languages of
the Archipelago that have attained a certain amount of civilisation. Running
a-muck with private parties is often the result of a restless determination to exact
revenge for some injury or insult; but it also results, not less frequently, from a
monomania taking this particular form, and originating in disorders of the digestive
organs.
ANAMBAS. The name given by European mariners to a numerous cluster of
islands in the China Sea in about the 3° of north latitude, and 130 miles from the
eastern entrance of the Straits of Malacca. The name, which is unknown to the
natives, may possibly be a corruption of the Malay numeral anamblas—sixteen ; but
if this be so, the islands have not been correctly reckoned, for the natives estimate
their number at no fewer than 50. The largest of them are, JAmajah, towards the
western part of the group, said to be 30 miles in circumference, having an area of 56
square geographical miles; and Siantan, towards its north-eastern, having two good
harbours. These islands are mountainous, sterile, but covered with forest. Their own
productions, or those of the sea and rocks which surround them, are sago-palms, agar-
agar, coco-nuts, tripang, and fish, particularly the shark, which is killed for its fins, an
article of trade for the Chinese market. These productions the natives convey in
their own vessels, and dispose of in Singapore.' The inhabitants are Malays of the
class called Orang-lant, or “ Men of the Sea,” and had at one time an evil reputation
for piracy; but since the establishment of Singapore they have become peaceful
traders and fishermen. Nominally, at least, the Anambas islands are subject to the
kings of Jehore.
ANAI. The Malay name for the termes, or white-ant. This destructive insect
is found in every country of the Archipelago and Philippines,, and being known by
the same name in all their languages, a suspicion may arise that they have been
disseminated by commerce and migration, especially when it is considered that the
timber of ships is a favourite object of their depredation.
A NAM. See Cochin-Ch Ika. <, -
ANDMAN ISLANDS. These islands, situated in the midst of the Bay of Bengal,
are no part of the Malayan Archipelago, and have no kind of affinity with it, except
in being inhabited by a race of small squat negroes, bearing a likeness to those of the
Malay peninsula. Their language, however, is not known to have any connection
with that of the latter, nor does it contain a single word of Malay.
ANJIER. (Javanese, anar, new, or, to complete the sense, Desa anar, th a t is,
“ new village, or town.”) A small town, with a fortress, on the coast of Java, where
the strait which divides it from Sumatra is at the narrowest. The town is in the
country of the Sundas, and in the kingdom which was once Bantam. I t is highly
convenient for shipping to refresh at, from its lying on the main thoroughfare of the
Archipelago. The anchorage, however, is a mere open road, much exposed during
the westerly monsoon ; and therefore it is not a place of permanent trade, although
the town furnishes abundant refreshments with wood and water.
ANONA. This is the name applied in the Philippines to the Anona reticulata,- or
Custard apple, and which the Malays have abbreviated Nona. I t is a plant of tropical
America. The Anona squamosa, or sweet-sop of the West Indies, is called by the
Malays, Srikaya, from the name of a kind of custard, and is probably a native plant.
Both species are easily raised, but little esteemed. In the Philippines, however,
there seems to be another species, called, in the languages of the country, Ate
represented as a fruit of excellent flavour.
ANTIMONY 13 ARCHIPELAGO
ANTIMONY. This metal, until lately unknown to the natives of the East, as it
was to Europeans until the fifteenth century, was found for the first time in Borneo
in 1823, on the north-western coast of that island. It exists in several places there'
but mines of it have been worked only in Sarawak. The ore is, as usual, a sulphuret
in a matrix of quartz, and at present furnishes the chief supply of Europe, being
exported, from the emporium of Singapore, to the yearly amount of about 1500 tons!
ANTIQUE. One of the three provinces into which the large and fertile island of
Panay, one of the Philippines, is divided. I t occupies the western portion of the
island, and has a population of 84,570, of whom 15,343 are assessed to the poll-tax
contributing 153,420 reals of plate. ’
ANTIQUE. Name of a town of the last-named province, and formerly its capital
having a population of 4219. It was founded in 1581, and has a church and a public
school of primary instruction.
AOR PULO. See A was.
name ° f a town and harbour in the island of Luzon and province
of Cagayan, situated on the left bank of the river Aparri (the Tajo, or Philippine
Tagus,) at its disemboguement into the sea at the northern end of the island
Latitude north, 18° 23' 15", longitude 121° 33'. The town contains 1910 houses'
all, with the exception of the public buildings, of frail native materials ; and thé
population amounts to 5990. The harbour is the only one at the northern end of
fra ueut tilat *>0rt*011 °P Philippine in which tempests and hurricanes are most
APA??-V N ome of one of tlle wild tribes of Luzon, of the lank-haired race,
inhabiting the mountains lying between the provinces of Cagayan and Ilocos. Thié
tribe has made some progress m civilisation, for they have permanent dwellings of
substantial houses, and cultivate roots and maiz. Their chief occupation seems to
be the contraband trade m tobacco.
A-PO. Name of a lake of great extent in the island of Mindano, the centre of
which is represented to be in latitude 7° 47' north, and longitude 123° 52' east It
communicates with the lake of Nusingan, lying south-west of it, and discharging
itself into the Lagune of Panguil, a continuation of the Bay of Iligan. These l a k e s
ar°. ™ *he ter" toly of the Ulanos, or Lanuns, and about the centre of the isthmus
which divides Mindano into two quasi-peninsulas.
AP^ IA- • f K CrUntry ^ een ,familiarly known to the inhabitants of the
Malayan islands for six centuries, the majority of them, embracing nearly all the
S 3 i t f lm g u iT o n ^ ¡ “o w f f 1 ad°Pted f r6ligi°nand lawS' and en*rafted
ARtAeaHIS; ü l Ara(dlis kypogæa, or ground pea, is known in the Malayan countries
under the several names of kachang-tanah, kachang-China, and kaehang-Jâpun
meaning, ground, Chinese, and Japan pulse. The two last of these names would
seem to imply, what is probable, that the plant is an exotic, and was introduced
ither from China or Japan, with both of which the inhabitants of the Archipelago
With the e^PnK °0rH r intercourse before the arrival of Europeans in India.
With the exception of the coco-palm, it is, of all the oil-yielding plants the most
extensively cultivated in the Archipelago. " ’ lûe most
AR+tJiAiT‘.i ¡¿rj name °1 a voloanio mountain of the province of Pampanga in
there is a fine view of the town and bay of Manilla. mountain
f e y r o f e i s s S “m “ i " f i “ h,ji" 'k waik • ' ■* » a . «pmioJ ï ï e
' the choicest of the Philipjfines. 7 “ conaldered b7 the Spaniards as one of
ARandIpWhTOfoe A ^ cW ]1^ ’ Under tH s chipelagos, the whole Archipelago extendsn afrmome baobtobu tt hteh eM 2a0lathy