6z6 I N D E X.
lefis than nine y e a r s , 46 4 ; bu ild in g s th e re ,
w h y miftaketi fo r ftone, 465 ; honfes o f
th e n o b ility , 466 ; a verage popu la tion,
46 7 j fubjeCt to in unda tions, 468 ; dreadfu
l one in 17 7 7 de fc ribed , i b . ; moveable
b r id g e over th e N e v a , 470. ' See
Peter the Great. Statue o f P e te r the
G re a t , 473 infcription p la c ed on it b y
th e empreffes direiftion, 4 74 . See Falconet.
M anne r o f removing the pedeftaj,
475 ; and its dimenfions, 476 ; th e em-
prefles cou r t defcribed, 48 7— 492^ the
H e rm ita g e , a pa la ce fo ca lled , 499 ; in c
lu d in g a w in ter arid fummer garden*,
50 0 ; . th e a tr ic a l dive rfions in th a t c i ty ,
5 0 1 ; comfo rtable manner in w h ich th e
En g lrfh merchants liv e there,, w ith th e
defc ription o f a c lu b , 508; forcrefs,
5 0 9 ; ca th edra l o f S t . P e te r , and P au l,
i b . ; 'illuftrious perfons bu ried th e re , ib . ;
m in t , 523 ; ftate o f trade th ere in 17 78 ,
I I . 249. See Little Grandjire.
Philaretes, pa tr ia rch o f th e Ruffian ch u rch ,
and fa th e r o f th e houfe o f Roman of,
fome a c count o f, I . 3 13— 3 1 6 ; his fp i-
r ited anfvver to Sigifmond I I I . o f Po lan d,
3 14 .
P ia f t , fictions concernin g him , I . .5.
Piper, cou n t, h is d e a th , I . 547 .
P lic a Polonica, ac count o f th a t difeafe, I .
2 3 4 ; its terrible iym p tom s , 235 ; caufes
o f , ibid.
• Ploen, capital' o f Holftein, its romantic fitu -
ation , I I . 593.
Poets, Ruffian, L om o n o zo f, fome ac count o f,
I I . 19 7 . 2 1 0 ; ca lled .Father o f Ruffian
P o e t ry , 19 8 ; his w o rk s , 199 ; D eme triu s
T o o p to lo , his Sc riptu re hiftories in v e r fe ,
200. See Stage. Sumo rok o f, founder o f
th e Ruffian itag e, his ed u ca tion and w r it in
g s , 204. See p . 200. H is ch a ra c te r ,
‘ 208. See Feodor Volkof. K h e ra ik o f, his
Roffiada, .the firft R uffian ep ic poem, & c .
209.
Poll-tax , perfons exempted from in Ruffia,
I I . 10 7 . h i . 2 18 . 2 1 9 ; p rod u ce o f, 2 19 .
Pood, a Ruffian w e igh t , w h a t , I I . 283.
Poland, Angula r advantage in w r it in g the
hi.ilo ry o f, I , 4 ; its fovereigns ufual.ly
ran g ed in fou r daffies, th e firft o f w h ich ,
under th e houfe o f L e ik o , is en tire ly fa b
u lo u s , ib . j „ th e fecon d , under that o f
Pia ft, has an air o f romance, though the
native k ings are ftill c a lle d b y that name,
5 ; da te o f th e au th en tic ity o f fhe-PoTiih
annals, i b . ; different opinions-concetiiing
th e fecond epoch recon ciled , 6 ; b eg in n
in g o f th e th ird period, 7 ; th e fou r th
period b eg in s , when h e redita ry right'wa s
fo rm e r ly a b ro g a ted , 10 ; p roofs o f that
co u n try b ein g more f re e when th e fbve-
reign had more au th o r ity , 1 4 ; h a rdly
po ffib le it ih ou ld ev er emerge from its
prefent f itu a t io n , 16 ; account o f th e p a rtition
in g o f P o lan d , 43— 57 ; w h ich
"Was firft projected b y the k in g o f Pruffia,
45 ; and acceded to b y th e em p e ro r , 47.
and th e emprefs o f Ruflia , 48 ; the p a r t ition
t re a ty figned a t P eter ibu rgh , 48 ;
myfte rious co n d u it o f th e th ree co u r ts ,
i b . ; th e k in g fummons a diet to ra t ify
th e p a rt it io n , 49 ; w h ich , a f te r g re a t o p -
po fition , is finally agreed to , 50 ; fp ir ite d
oppofition to th e innovations propofed b y
th e ambaffadors o f th e th re e cou r ts , 53
w h ich are a t laft ag re ed to , 55 ; ch anges
in th e conftitu tion p e rem p tor ily propofed
b y th o fe minifters, ib . See King o f P o land.
A n n u a l receipts an d diiburfements
b e fo re th e difmemberment, 10 9 ; b y
wh ich near h a lf th e income o f Poland w as
lo ft , n o ; pr in c ip a l taxe s , 1 1 0 , 1 1 1 ; p r e fen
t fta te o f th e pu blic k rev en u e, 1 12 ;
comme rce o f P o lan d , w ith th e caufes
w h ich prevent its b eing ca rried to--any
confiderable e x te n t, 1 1 3 . See Notez.
M ilita r y e ftab liihmen t,-1 16 . See Titans.
T h e i r fine breed o f horfes almoft ruined,
1 1 7 . See Great Generals. S ta te o f th e
arm y 17 78 , i b . ; w re tch ed f ta te o f th a t
cou n try , 1 2 1 , 1 2 2 ; divifion o f the inh ab
itan t s , 12 2 . See Bufching, Feudal Syf-
tem, Aujirian Poland, Printing. State o f
lite ra tu re , 200 ; caufes o f th e defeCts in
th e p o lice , 203 ; laws re la t in g to d e b tors
, 205.
Poles, th e ir modes o f fa lutation and drefs,
I . 1-6.2, 163 ; are unqueftionably d e fc en d .
ed from T a r t a r anceftors, 163 • p rev a len c
y o f th e L a tin ton gu e amongft them, 176 .
Polijh.
I N D E X . *27
PoliJJj Menarchy, the caufes from w h ich it
fun k from b e in g n ea rly abfolutre to an
almoft to ta l a r ifto c rac y , I . 4— 13'.
Poniatovejki, p r in c e , his g a rd en ,, 17 5 J
tunda, w ith the e leg an t ertainment th e re ,
177*
Population, ik e tch o f , in Ru ffia, I I . 215
2 17 ; inc reafe o f, p ro v ed , 2 16 moft-accu
ra te ly afeertained in Sweden, 38 0 ;
tables fo r th a t pu rpofe , 38 1 , 382.
Pojt-horfes, difficulty o f pro cu r in g in R u ffia,
and how- to be. remedied, I . 354. 4 4 1 »
th e ir p r ic e s , 440. . • .
Pojl-majlers, lud icrou s m if ta k e o f C h a n c e le r
con cern in g th em , 440.
Povonjki. See Zqrtorijka.
Printing, when in trodu ced into Poland* I .
14 4 . See Khitaigorod-, Iceland,
prifoners, cafe o f two., confined fo r mu rderin
g a Jew > I* ?95*
Prifons, queries u pon, de live red to th e emp
re fs , w ith h e r anfwers* I I . 85— 8.7 ;
new plan fo r th e regu la tion o f, to be in trod
uced in to each gove rnment, 87.
Proncbijfof. See Carlijle..
PruJJia, form e r ly b e lon g ed to th e T e u to n ic
k n igh ts , w ith th e man ner o f its com in g
to F red erick I I I . w h o fe t itle was n o t .ac-
kn owled g ed b y - th e Poles till' 1 7 6 4 ,1. 4 5 .
P ru lh , p ea ce o f, 1. 555.
Pugatchef. See fcmclka.
Pu lajki, a general o f th e con fed erates, plans
th e defign o f affaffinating th e k in g , 1. 29,
3 0 ; efcapes from P o lan d , and is k illed
in the Ame rican .fe rvice , 39 ; the wea-
. pons o f the confpira tors blefled by th e
P op e ’s nu-ntio, 39.
%uaf$, a fermented liq u o r drunk' in Ru ffia,
how made. I . 438.
g u ick flv e r , f ro z e n a tu ra lly at K ra fn o y ar ik
upon th e Y en ise i, I I . 16,2.
R a d z iv ill, p r in c e , appointed marflial o f the
ca th olic ,con fede ra cies in 1’o laml, 1 . 23.
R ain, average q uan tities at S t . Peteribu rgh
and L o n d o n , I . 47 7.
Ranh, S c a rc e ly any diftin&ion o f, in Ruffia,
Referendaries, w h o , I . 6 3.
Regenfus, his curious co'n ch olog y, I I . 568.
Rein-deer, a c count o f, I I . 346.
Religiousefablifments, ftate o f , in Ru ffia, I I .
but w h a t is derived from the lerv ice o f
th e fovereign, I. 96.
102.
Remix, o r lit t le titmou fe , and its n e ft, ac co
u n t o f , I . 2 18.
Retufari, ifland o f , de fc rib ed , I I . 224.
Revenue, ftate o f , in Ru ffia, I I . 218 ;. to ta l
amount o f , 220.
Rhinoceros, de fc ription o f a dead one found
in S ib e r ia , I I . 1 3 1— 133..
Ringfied, th e ch u r ch th ere the eldeft C h r i f -
tian tem p le in D enm a rk , I I . 581.
Ritter holm, ro y al fepulchres p f, I I . 332.
Roads, diftances mark ed on pofts from one
tow n to another* th rou gh ou t Ru ffia, I .
4-s8- . m m
Rodolph I I . comparifon b etw een him and
E r ic X I V . I I . 420.
Romanof, fovereigns o f R u ffia o f th at fam ily ,
I . 310.
Rojkild, form e r ly th e metropolis o f. D en -
. mark , de fc ription o f , I I . 570.
Rojkolniki, o r Scparatifs, w h o , IT. 6 7 .
R u r ic, fovereigns o f Mofcow o f th e houfe
o f , I . 309.
Ruffia, entrance into, w ith an a c cou n t o f the
p ro v in ce difmembered from Po lan d, I .
240, 241 ; p opu la tion and productions o f
th a t pro v in ce , 240 ; cheapnefs o f po ft-
horfes th e re , ib . ; different appearance*
o f th e Ruffian and P o liili pea fan ts , 243 ;
drefs an d manners o f the p eafants, 253 ;
cotta g es, how conftruCted, 2 5 4 ; th iev iili
difpofition o f th e pea fan ts , 256 ; man ner
o f en tomb in g th e imp eria l fam ily , and
d e co ra t in g the tombs on feftival da-ysK
298, 299 ; no feats in the ch u rch es th e re ,
3,16 ; observations on the weathe r there,
4 7 7— 479. See N eva. M eteo ro lo g ic a l
jo u rn a l fo r fo u r months, 4 8 0 ; prefent
ftate o f c iv iliza t io n , I I . 9.6— 1 18 ; g en e r
a l divifion o f th e in h ab itan ts, 96. See
R an k. Fa vourite s o f th e fovereign occa--
fionally cre ated princes o f G e rm an y , 98.
See Sacred Synod, Merchants, fs fc . L ite ra ture.
P rodu ce s ev ery a r t ic le ; fo r iliip -
b iiild in g , 227. See Trade. C om m e rce
w ith th e Bu ch an an s , 265 ; , ditto with th e
C h in e fe , 266. See Sweden.
4 M 2 Ruffian