fions abu fe o f ju ft ic e , when th e y p e rc e iv e , th a t , u pon th e offence, for fe itu re and d am ag e ,
due cenfure and w ell-d éferv ed pun lfhmen t does n o t fo llow . O n th e con tra ry , th e y w h o ,
ou t o f ma lic e, rafhnefs, and reven g e , fa ll upon th e ju d g e s and executors o f th e law , in th è
performance o f th e ir offices, w ith ca lumniou s , flan de rin g , and injuriou s words and: w r it in
g s , w ith o u t b e in g ab le fu lly to p ro v e w h a t th e y h a v e ch a rg ed them w ith , fhall be im med
ia tely and feverely puniihed, as ev ery p a r t icu la r ca fe ma y req u ire ; in o rd e r th a t in-'
confederate, malic iou s, and mifchievous perfons may ta k e w a rn in g th e r e a t : b u t nobody^,
whofoever he is , fhall b e fo r a lo n g w hile k ep t in prifon w ith o u t b e in g pu t to a tria l and
ju d g em en t. A n d , in order th a t need and diftrefs may n o t g iv e the ju d g e an oc c a iion and
p re ten c e to abufe his office, th e lawman’ s-judge and feffion-money, g ran ted by" th e p e a san
try to the maintenance o f th e ir ju d g e s , foa ll be k ep t u n tou ch ed , and employed to its
d u e en d , and th e p a y o f th e ju d g e s , a f te r th e an n u aM ift, e x a& ly a c co rd in g to th e affur-
ance o f K in g G u f ta v u s 'A d o lp h u s , o f bleffed memory , in th e y e a r i6 r i . T h e k in g ’s at -
tornies and ferjeants at law m a y n o t exercife th e ir offices to th e in jury o f o th e r s , and
p rom o tin g th e ir own felf-in te reft : and i f this ih ou ld h appen, they- fhall be apcouhttfble
fo r it a c co rd in g to law ; o f w h ich th e ch an ce llo r o f ju ftice (hall ha ve a na rrow infpéétìòn»
his incumbent d u ty it is likew ife , to fee how th e law and th e ordinances are obeyed, and
g iv e an a c count th e r e o f to his majefty. T h e above-mentioned K in g ’ s Benches Aia 11*,
h e re a fte r as h ith e r to , be th r e e : th e firfl a t S to ck h o lm , w h e re to ap perta ins th e w h o le
k in gdom o f Sweden, p ro p e r ly ,fo ca lled in th e old law ; the fé con d is a lw a y s a t Io n k o p in g ,
w here to belongs th e w h o le kingdom o f G o th ia ; and the third has its f e a t a t A b o ,' td
wh ich the G re a t D u t c h y o f F inland reforts.
X V I . A l l commiffions, deputations w ith ju r ifd iftion , o r ex tra o rd in a ry t rib un a ls , e ith e r
eftabliihed b y the k in g o r th e ftates , fhall b e h e rea fte r abolifhed, as b e in g the irieàtìè to
fu r th e r fov ere ign ty o r ty ran n y ; and every Swedifh man fh a ll enjoy th e r igh t to b e ju d g ed
b y th a t co u r t to w h ich he b elongs, a f te r th e law o f Sweden : b u t i f it ih ou ld happen,’
th a t an y o f fo h igh a b ir th , o r th e fenators, o r a w hole co lle g e , ih ou ld pr-QVé'gïjiltÿ o f fo
h igh crimes and mifdemeanors, that it concerns th e k in g , th e rea lm, o r th é màjèftÿ o r
th e c row n , and th a t th e crimina l could not be ju d g ed neith e r b y the K in g ’ s 'BënôhV tior
b y th e fen ate, then a tribun a l o f th e realm fhall b e conftitu ted, w h e re th e k in g fh a ll b e
p re fen t, or in his p la c e the p r in c e royal fhall p refid e, o r the firfl o f th e he red ita ry p rin ces ,
o r th e e ld e fl fenator ; and w hofe members are to be all th e fenators, th e field-marfhal,
a ll th e prefidents o f the ro y a l co lle g e s , fou r o f th e e ld e fl counfellors o f the three K in g ’s
Benche s, on e g en e ra l, tw o o f th e elde fl lieu ten an t-g en e ra ls , tw o o f th e e ld e fl major-
g en e ra ls ,- the e ld e fl admira l, th e two e ld e fl v ice -adm ira ls , the tw o eld e fl rea r -adm ira ls ,
th e ch an ce llo r o f th e c o u r t, and the th ree fecretaries o f f ia t e ; th e ch ance llor o f ju ftice
is always follic ito r ; and th e elde fl fe c re ta iy o f revifion fila li k eep th e minu tes. T h i s
tribun a l is in titled , th e trial p a il, to p u b lifh th e ju d g emen t with th e doors open, and
n o body may afte rwa rds ha ve power to a lte r it , and mu ch lefs to mak e it more fevere :
h is majefty n o t deprived o f his p rero g a tiv e to pardon.
X V I I . N e x t to the K in g ’ s Benches follows th e M ilita r y C o lle g e , w here n ow , as b e fo re ,
is to be a p refid en t, th e maile r o f ordn an ce , th e qua r te r -m a ile r -g en era l, and th e wonted
counfellors o f w a r , who muft b e w e ll u fed to a c co u n ts , and are e fpéc ia lly to be taken o u t
o f thofe th a t are fkilled in m a tters o f w a r . T h is co lleg e has infpe£tion and care o f the
lan d army in th e k in gd om , th e a r t ille r y , u fed b o th in the field and in the fortreffe s, th e
b o d y o f fortifica tion , gun s , fa& o r ie s , weapons, ammunitions, and w h a t belongs th e reu n to ,
th e condi tion 'o f th e fortreffes, efpec ially at th e frontiers, ca ille s , and bu ild in g fo r th e w a r ,
th e le v y in g , enlifting, and reviewing o f foldiers ; and fo fu r th e r , ac co rd in g to the inftru c-
tions, ordinances, and ro y a l w r its , as are a lre a d y , o r may h e re a fte r be iffued.
X V I I I . T h e w hole land army^and n avy o f th e k in gd om , w ith th e h igh and low Commanders
th ereo f, fhall tak e the oath o f fide lity and alleg ian ce to his majefty, th e re a lm ,
6 ~ anti
and the ftates, ac co rd in g to the eftabliihed form. T h e a rm y o f horfe and fo o t , as w e ll as
th e mariners* con tin u es, as it is ap p o in ted , ac co rd in g to th e fan& io n , ca lled ln d e ln in g s -
W e r k , and is to be maintained b y the c o n t r a t s made w ith th e p e a fa n try and th e towns,
w h ich are to be nar row ly p e r fo rm ed ,'o b e y ed , and k e p t , u n til his majefty, w ith th e ftates ,
fh a ll find it neceffary to a lte r them in an y w a y .
X IX . -No colonel, o r an y o th e r o f the m ilita ry commanders, m ay , w ith o u t his majefty’ fe
own order, fuinmon any h om e -fen t troops to a ffem b le , excep ted th e u fual rend ezvou s o f
th e-reg imen ts, unlefs in ca fe o f an unexpected invafion o f th e enemies o f th e k in gd om ,
xyhich fhall then be inftantljfe reported to h'is majefty ; th e c h ie f command b elon g in g to
him alone over his w hole army and n a v y , as it has alw a ys been ufual in form e r , and fo r
th e co u n try the mo il flou riihin g and h a p p y times.
X X ' T h e th ird colleg e o f th e realm is th e Board o f A dm ir a lty , wherein is to b e a p r e fiden
t, and th e members are to be all th e admirals and flag-officers prefent ; but. fo r th e
b e t te r m a n a g in g p f th efe affairs, in his majefty’ s council there fh a ll b e at le a f l one fen a to r
w h o h a th f e m d in th e n a v y , and is experienced in th e marine. T h is c o lleg e has th e in -
fpe& ipn and care o f the navy o f th e rea lm, w ith all things thereto b e lo n g in g , as w e ll th e
b u ild in g o f th e fhips, th e ir equ ippin g and fu rn ifh in g with gun s, as th e v id u a llin g , th e
r a ilin g p f th e marines, the.comp any o f divers, th e p ilo try , and all o th e r bufinefs th e re to
b elon g in g , a c co rd in g to the inftru riions , ro y a l w r its , and o rdinances, a s a re alread y o r
m ay h e reafte r be iffued.'
. X X L . .T h e fou r th co lleg e is the C h a n c e r y o f th e rea lm, w here one o f the fenators a l ways
is p refid en t, h a v in g , as mem b ers, o n e o r more o f the fenators, one ch an ce llo r o f
th e .c o u r t , the fecretaries of- ftate, and th e ufual Counfellors o f ch an ce ry . In this co lle g e ,
all the fta tu te s ,. ordin an c es, and receffes, con cern in g th e k in gdom in gen e ral, and th e
privilege's o f p a r t ic u la r tow n s'an d p er fon s, a’re framed and pen ned, efp e c ia lly commif-
fiOns fo r p la c e s , e d iâ s , w r it s , and w arran ts : h e re to b e lo n g likewife a ll the records a n d
ro lls o f the diets and o th e r affe nab Lies, alliances with fore ign p ow e r s , treaties o f peace
with-en emie s, th e d u e dispatch ing o f en vo ys, a ll the counfels th e k in g o rdin arily take s
from the fenators; o r feme o f them, and th e records th e reo f, as w e ll as a ll w h a t is iffued
u n d er his. m a je f ty s name and feal. T h is c o lleg e has likewife th e neceffa ry ca re fo r th e
poil-offices in t h e whole kingdom and th e ad ja c en t provinces, in o rde r th a t th e y , u n d e r
th e in fpe&ipn o f th e c h ie f d i re& o r , may b e d u ly adminiftered. T h e fecre taries o f ftate
are to ta k e p a rt icu la r care th a t th e refo lu tion s, ac co rd in g to his mâjefty’ s de cifion, and
in co n fo rm ity w ith th e reco rds, may be re a d ily and fp e ed ily , d u ly , and in good o rde r,
iffued, w ith ou t th e leafl negleéfe, in w h a t view foe vê r it m igh t be. Sh ou ld an y perfon
p ro v e f o y a fh as to iffue a w a r ran t, co n tra ry to his majefty’ s decifion, and th e rew ith en deavour
to fo rp r iz e his majefty, (w h ich , in fuch a mu ltitu d e o f e x p ed ition s, ea fily m igh t
happen) the fame perfen fh a ll, a fte r trial and law fu l ju d g em en t, be removed from h is
p la c e , and puniihed as the crime deferves. N o r fh a ll, th e re fo re , an y warran t be h e re a
f te r , more than hith e r to , obeyed and e x e cu ted , w ith o u t du e cou n te r fign ation , e x cep t
in .m ilita ry affairs. T h is co lleg e is befides to follow the o rdinance o f th e ch an c e ry , th e
in ftru& ion s, w r its , and. royal f ta tu te s , w h ich are a lready, o r may h e re a fte r be iffued.
X X I I . His majefty denominates in th e fen ate, b u t w ith o u t votin g , the p refid en t o f th e
ch an ce ry , th e counfellors o f ch an ce ry th at are fenators, th e ch an ce llo r o f th e c o u r t , th e
Chancellor o f ju ft ice , the fecre taries o f ftate, th e 'co u n fe llo rs o f ch an ce ry , as w e ll as th e
fec re tar ies o f exped ition s, and chufes them to whom his majefty has th e beft t ru ll*
In th e fame man ner his raajefty’s envoys to fore ign co u r ts are to b e conftitu ted.
X X I I I . I h e fifth co lleg e o f the realm is the C o lle g e o f the C h am b e r , w h ich ha s a p r e fident
and the u fu al counfellors- o f th e ch am b er s . T h e r e all who have any bufinefs w ith
th e income and expences o f th e k in g and the c row n , are to receivé them o rde r and give
th e ir ac cou n ts, ac co rd in g to the in ftru flion s , w r it s , and ordinances, hith e r to iffu ed , o r
w h ic h