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C H A P ; IV.
Rife, progrefs, and termination o f the Engliih trade on the
Cafpian Sea.-— Commerce o f the Ruffians in the fame
quarter.— Defcription o f the principal ports o f thè Caipian
divided into Ruffian, Perfian, and Tartar.— GeneraI exports
and imports.— Average value o f the trade.— Commerce
with the Bucharians and Chinefe.
SO early as the 1 4th century the Venetians and Genoefe c h a p .
drew, by means o f the Cafpian, through Aftracan to . 1V’
their fettlements at A z o f* and Caffa, the Indian, Perfian,
and Arabian merchandize, with which they thus furniihed
the fouth o f Europe ; the northern part o f this continent
was fupplied likewife through Aftracan with the fame Afia-
tick goods by the Ruffian merchants ò f Ladoga upon the
Volkof, who fent them to their principal ftore-houfe at
Wiiby, an Hanfeatick town in the Iile o f Gothland. The devaluation
occafioned by the wars o f Tamerlane, about the end
of the 14th century, turned this trade from Aftracan to
Smyrna and Aleppo. The commerce o f Arabia, more commodious
for thofe ports, was never brought back to Aftracan
; but part of the Perfian traffick was afterwards reftored
to its old channel.
* Se& Guldenftaéd t’ s T re a tifé V o n den inoft, p a r t , th rou gh Per fra, aerofs the C a f -
Hafen am Cafpifc'hen- Meere. in Journ. S t . pian to A ftra c an , from thence u p the V o lg a ,
Pet to r 1-7,77............................................ then b y lan d to th e Don,.'arid,.dov\:n th at
T h e Indian goods were t>rp,j\ght',' fo r the r ir e r to A zo f.- 11
•K- k- 3 r — - Before