b o o k more regular communication with Adrianople and Bender;
i j — i and that o f Kilia-Nova might be rendered highly important,
by vending the productions o f Auftria and Hungary, if
the navigation o f the Danube was not obftruited by the jea-
loufy o f the Turks. The imports o f thofe havens coniift in
European and Ruffian productions, for the moft part iimilar
to thofe o f Caffa.
Conitantinople and Gallipoli are the principal havens in
the fea o f Marmora : the Ruffian imports are furs and
ikins, leather, fail cloth, cordage, anchors, tar and pitch,
iteel and iron, fait fiffi, caviare, butter, fea-horfe teeth, wax,
tea, mufk, caltor oil, colours, paper, coarfe cloth, linen, and
. corn : the exports toRufiia are raw and manufactured iilk
and cotton, muflins, rich Turkiffi fluffs and carpets, wool
and Angora-goats-hair, Grecian wines, oil, all kinds of- European
and Afiatick fruit, lemons and oranges, tobacco and
fnuffs, fpices, faffron, opium,. and other fpecies o f drugs,
pearls and precious ftones, gold and filver *, 8cc.
III. The ports and territory ceded to Ruffia, and the ,new
towns fince conftruCted by the emprefs. The ceded places
are, i . The diftriCt upon the Sea o f A zo f; a. Kertfch and
Yenikale, in CrimT artary; 3. The fortrefs o f Kinburn ;
4. The territory between the Dnieper and the Bog.
1. The diftriCt bordering upon the Sea o f A zo f comprifes,
befide a large traCt o f territory to the eaft and weft o f Azof,
the fortreffes Azof, Taganrog, and Petrofik.
A zo f is no longer o f the fame importance as it was in the
reign of Peter the G reat; the branch o f the Don, upon the
mouth o f which it ftands, being now fo choaked with fand
as fcarcely to admit the fmalleft veffels. The merchandize
therefore is ufually depoiited at Taganrog or Petrofik ; and
* G uldenita edt, p . 3 1— 2 5.
1 the
the frigates and merchant-ihips, which were formerly con- CHAPftruffed
at Azof, are now built either at St. Demitri or Roftof, >— 1
and pafs down the Don into the Sea o f Azof, through another
branch o f that river. As the harbour o f Taganrog
contains, upon an average, only feven feet o f water, the
veffels which land there muft be conftruCted in fuch a manner
as to draw no more than five or fix fe e t: the town has
been rendered commodious by the conftruCtion o f feveral
warehoufes and other buildings during the late war, and is
efteemed for the falubrity o f the air.
The fortrefs o f Petrofik, which ftands at the mouth o f
the river Broda, and commands the Turkiftx frontiers, was
alfo built during the late war. It is extremely advantageouily
fituated as forming a direCt communication with the havens
of Crim Tartary ; and might eafily be rendered more fecure
than that o f Taganrog, from the fuperior depth of water.
By the poffeffion o f thefe fortreffes, the navigation o f the
Sea of A zo f is perfectly fecured. The frontiers o f this ceded
territory, to the weft of that fea, are guarded by a chain o f
fmall forts, extending from Petrofik to the Dnieper.
2. The fortreffes of Kertfch and Yenikale, fituated upon
the eaftern coafts o f Crim Tartary, and near the northern entrance
o f the ftraits o f Caffa, are o f the greateft importance,
by commanding the paffage which forms the communication
between the Sea of A zo f and the Euxine,
3. Kinburn is the only port poffeffed by the Ruffians on
the coafts o f the Black Sea: it ftands clofe to the prefent
frontiers, at the mouth of the Dnieper, oppolite to the Turlc-
iih fortrefs Otchakof; the latter, being a place of fuperior
ftrength, muft, while it continues in the hands of the Turks,
obftruCt, in cafe o f a rupture, the navigation o f the Dnieper.
Kinburn was intended for the principal depofitory of the
V o l. t i N n merchandize