b o o k it xiccolum vitriolatum, or vitriolo f nick e l; zinc urn vitrio
latum, or white vitriol; and the manganefium* fatitunv
“ or manganefe united to the muriatick acid, which has been
“ found diifolved in fome waters by Mr. Hielm.
“ The profeifor clofes this clafs by enumerating fome
“ fpecies o f falts, which are compofed o f three or more prin-
“ ciples, fo ilri&ly combined as not to feparate in ehryftal-
“ lizing. Thefe Jales tríplices are the fait o f the-ocean
<t mixed with magnefia; Epfom fait, with martial vitriol;
tt native alum, impregnated with martial vitriol, and with
tt vitri0i o f cobalt; blue vitriol with iron; green vitriol
“ with nickel; and blue vitriol,, with iron and zinc.
<t Throughout this clafs are concifely pointed out the fe-
tt veral matrices and natural modes o f exiitence of all thefe
<t fuhjedls; as well as the method o f procuring the pure ar-
“ tificial ones, and o f dete&ing them when in folution ; the
“ earthy falts being precipitated by mild, and the metallick
“ by phlogifticated alkalies.
“ In all the claffes profeffor Bergman, after the manner of
“ Linnteus, Wallerius, and Croniledt, has endeavoured to
“ give names to' all the fubjefts expreffive o f the internal
“ characters or principles of each.
“ C l a s s I I . E a r t h s .
“ Of thefe he allows tmly five diftinit kinds, or fuch as are
“ termed primitiue earths, .being incapable, by any art yet
“ known, o f further decompofition.
“ Thefe are, i. terra ponderofa, or heavy earth ; 2. Calx,
“ or calcareous earth;. .3. Magnefia; 4. Argilla, or argilla-
“ ceous earth; and 5. Jerra flicea , or filiceous earth.
* Jn th e or ig in a l it is magnefium ; b u t- Be rgman, to manganefium, in-order to pre-
M r . W ith e r in g , informs u s , th a t it .is now ven t confufion from it s fimila r ity .to mag-
diarieed,' b v th e c o n c u r r e n c e o f profeffor nefia . .......................................................... ,
8 . m 8 “ Croniledt
I “ Croniledt had ftated nine primitiye earths ; of which, c h a p ..
“ Bergman has reduced the garnet kind, micaceous, and the.,
“ zeolitic, to his argillaceous genus, having difcovered them.
“ to be compounded principally o f that earth, with various
“ proportions o f fome other o f his primitive earths. He has.
“ fince alfo found the afbeftine earth o f Croniledt to he a
compounded earth ; and as to the manganefe, it ftands no
“ longer in this clafs, but occupies the laft place among the
“ ignoble metals>
“ 1. The terra ponderofa, which the author firil detedled :
“ in 17 74 , is procured in its prefent ilate from the ponde-
“ i-ous fpar, or marmor metallicum; which, with the lapis
“ hepaticus, (Crotif. §. 24), appears hitherto to be the only
I fubftance in which it has been found; though he fcarcely
“ doubts but that it will be difcovered in many others. 2.
“ Calx. The moil pure is yielded by chalk. Under this ge-
“ nus are ranged, firil, the limeflones o f Cronf. §. 5__12.
“ called here calx aerata ; the lapis fuillus, which is lime-
“ ilone impregnated with petroleum; fluor miner alls, or
“ fparry fluor,-of Cronf. §. 87— 101 ; marie, which he
“ calls calx aerata tam argillaceo ,quam ftliceo inquinata; and
“ feveral others. 3. Magnefia, procured from Epfom fait.
“ Profeilbr Bergman enumerates five fpecies; among which
“ are the foap-rocks, Cronf. 79— 83, which he deno-
“ minates magnefafliceo intime adunata. All thefe, except
“ the pure magnefia o f waters, are much contaminated by
“ iron. 4. Argilla. The pure elementary earth of this kind
“ is beft obtained from alum. Under this genus are enu-
“ merated ten fpecies, as having the argillaceous earth for
“ the principal bafis: the porcelain c la y ; bole; marie;
“ terra lemnia ; white alum ore; alum ilate; the gems,
“ fuch as the ruby, fapphire, topaz, emerald ; the granites,
V o l. m O 0 o « bafaltes