papillae of the latter are long. Scales fifteen pairs, dappled brownish, with a dark patch
over the scar and surrounded by a pale ring. The larger examples have a dark metallic
lustre from the pigment. They have a series of minute papillae as a broad belt along the
anterior region, and the outer edge shows very minute rounded or short clavate papillae
—the homologues of the cilia. The dorsal division of the foot is minute, and bears
rather small, spinous, truncated bristles. Ventrally, as a rule, a single strong hastate
bristle occurs superiorly, and, below, a series of strong bifid bristles with short spinous
regions. The dorsal cirri are somewhat short, with a filiform tip, and with the same
short cilia as on the median tentacle. The ventral cirri are short, ciliated, and tapering
__not reaching the tip of the fleshy part of the foot in spirit. Commensalistic.
S yno nyms.
1820.
1834.
1840.
1851.
1860.
1865.
Polynoe scolopendrina, Savigny. Syst. des Ann., p. 350.
1874.
1875.
1876.
1879.
1883.
1888.
1891.
}i „ And. and Ed. Annel., p.,92, pi. i, f. 17 and 19.
. ' )} Johnston. Ann. Nat. Hist., v, 307, Tab. 5, f. 1—-9.
„ Grube. Fam. Annel., 37.
}) „ Sars. Yid. Selsk. Fork., I860, p. 62.
,, variegata, G-rube. Annel. Oersted., 49.
„ scolopendrina, Sars. Vidensk. Selskab. Christ., 1860, p. 62.
)} „ .Johnston. Cat. B. M., 119, pi. xi, f. 1—9.
y> }} Malmgren. Nord. Hafs-Ann., 82, Tab. 10,-£-11; and Ann. Polych.,-15.
Lepidonotus scolopendrinus, De Quatrefages. Ann., i, p. 263.
Polynoe scolopendrina, Marenzeller. Sitzb. der k. Akad., vol. hdx, p. 419.
,, crassipalpa, idem. Ibid., p. 412, pi. xi, f. 1.
,, johnstoni, idem. Ibid., p. 420.
. }} „ idem. Sitzb. d. k. Akad., 69 (sep. Abd.), p. 14.
„ scolopendrina, Grube. Jahrb. Schles. Gesells. '(fide De St.-Joseph), 1875 Breslau,
1876, pp. 53 and 68.
)} „ ■ McIntosh. Trans. Z. S., isr, 389.
}i „ Tauber. Ann. Danic., 82.
_ „ Levinsen. Nord. Annul., 196.
,, De St.-Joseph. Ann. d. sc. nat. (7), v, p. 183.
„ „ Homell. Op. cit., p. 235.
Habitat.—In the tubes of Terebella nebulosa, between tide-marks, Herm, and
between the chinks of rocks (gneiss) in muddy sand in the burrows of Lysiaice. The
large race abounds on the eastern shores of North tJist in the tubes of Terebella nebulosa
and other Terebellids attached to the under surfaces of stones close to low-water mark.
Not uncommon also off the east and west coast of Ireland (Prof. Haddon and Dr. Scharff)
and in the English Channel (Hornell). It extends to the shores of France and to the
Mediterranean.
The pinkish head (Plate XXVIII, fig. 9) forms an ovoid, the long diameter being
antero-posterior. A central groove terminates in front at the basal process (ceratophore)
of the median tentacle, and on each side is a somewhat indistinct peak, which, however,
is differentiated from the lateral tentacle beneath. A pair of distinct eyes lie in front of
the nuchal collar. The considerably larger anterior pair are scarcely visible from the
dorsum, and are situated in the smaller southern forms on the outer border near the end
of the peaks, a long interval thus existing between the anterior and the posterior pairs.
In the large Hebridean examples these large eyes occupy almost the whole peak, and their
direction is more forward than outward. The anterior eyes, as a rule, look forward and
slightly outward, and are very conspicuous from the front. A minute lens, less distinct
in the larger than in the smaller forms, appears in the centre of the anterior pair. In
the preparations the brownish median tentacle is longer than the palpi, tapering from
the base to the slight swelling below the filiform tip. It is somewhat densely clothed
with short cilia, most of which have truncated tips, only a few being clavate—the
latter shape being due to an ovate rather than a rounded tip. The lateral tentacles
are of moderate length, and have a slight enlargement below the filiform tip. They
are similarly clothed with truncated „cilia. The palpi are of average length, and have
rows of closely arranged clavate papillse with truncated tips. These are longest and
most cylindrical inferiorly, shorter and more markedly clavate superiorly. Smaller
forms extend on the tapering extremity of the organ. The tentacular cirri resemble
the median tentacle in regard to form and cilia.
Body linear-elongate, I f to 4f inches or even more long, and having from 80 to
102 bristled segments. The iridescent dorsum in the larger examples is mottled with
reddish brown, which, behind the proboscidean region, is somewhat regularly arranged
between the lateral eminences, and by-and-by divided into two by the dark median
tubercle which commences about the twentieth bristled foot. These three distinct sets
of elevations (two lateral and a median) continue to the posterior end of the body. A
ridge-like fold forms a buttress in front and another behind the lateral tubercle, and
each bounds the seal-like brownish mottling. Brownish pigment also occurs on the
elevations at the bases of the dorsal cirri. The median tubercle is situated towards the
anterior part of the segment, the lateral towards the posterior part. In the large forms
the reddish hue of the dorsum shines through the scales, and tints the entire region,
relieved by the steel-like glitter of the darkly pigmented portions of the scales. In the
smaller forms the dull yellowish back is minutely flecked with brown. Every alternate
foot in front has a dark brown patch on the eminence for the cirrus. The ventral
surface is iridescent, pale brown or dull yellowish in the specimens from the Channel
Islands, and posteriorly marked by touches of brown—chiefly on the segmental
eminences, which are distinct, and have a large and somewhat clavate papilla which
projects backwards between the feet. The segmental papillm become distinct on the
sixth foot, and continue nearly to the posterior end. In the centre of the body is a
reddish streak. In the large Hebridean forms the under surface and feet are of a dark
orange—with the reddish central line—and iridescent. Moreover, in some, broad bars
of pigment occur on the ventral surface throughout in more than the posterior half. Two
races thus occur, the smaller yellowish-brown southern form, and the reddish-brown
Hebridean.
The body terminates posteriorly in two anal styles, which, like the cirri, are proportionally
short.