small tubercles and occasional parasitic growths, while a little within the posterior
margin is a row of larger, isolated, rounded tubercles ; dorsal bristles distinctly shorter
than the ventral. The dorsal cirri have the structure of the tentacular cirri, shorter
than in E. o&rstedi; ventral cirri smooth. Segmental papilla cylindrical, passing from
the posterior border of the foot, and directed upward between the feet. A dilated
process occurs at the base of the dorsal, cirrus.
S ynonyms.
1860. Polynoë nodosa, Sars. Vid.- selsk. Förhandl., 1860, p. 59.
1865. Lepidonotus pharetratus, Johnst. Oat. B. M., p. 118, pi. 3, f. 17—19.
1866. Antinoë zetlandAca, Ray Lankester. Trans. Linn. Soc., xxv, p. 377, pi. 51, f. 13,17,18, 22, and 23.
1867. Eunoa nodosa, Malmgren. Nord. Hafs-Ann., p. 64, Tab. viii, f. 4, and Ann. Polych., p. 6.
. ,, Antinoë pharetratus, Parfitt. Oat. Ann., Devon, p. 18.
1872. Eunoë nodosa, Sars. Nyt. Mag. f. Naturvid., 19, p. 202.
1873. ,, ,, Sars. Bid. Christ. Fauna, p. 2.
1874- » » Malm. Göteborgs Kongl. Vet. o. Vitt. Samhalles Handl; Ny. Tïdsföljd, Haft,
sdv, p. 74.
1876. Eunoa nodosa, McIntosh. Trans. Z. S., ix, 374, pi. 67, f. 4_8.
1879. Polynoë scabra, Théel. Annel. Nov. Zemb., 7.
,, Eunoa nodosa, Tauber. Ann. Danic., 81.
1883. „ „ Wirén. Ohset. Yega-Exped., 387.
,, Ha/rmothoë nodosa, Levinsen. Nord. Annul., 193.
1884. Eunoa nodosa, Webster and Benedict. Ann. Mass., 700.
1886. Eunoë scabra, Marenzeller. Porif., &c., Jan Meyen, p. 11.
Habitat.—North Sea, Lieutenant Thomas; Zetlandic Sea, Dr. G-wyn Jeffreys; off
Holy Island, Tynemouth, 25—30 fathoms, Professor G-. S. Brady; stomach of the cod,
St. Andrews, E. M.
A fine example, from the collection of the late Dr. D. Robertson, comes from
Cumbrae, on the west coast of Scotland, but none havé yet been received from the coast
of Ireland.
I t ranges to 690 fathoms on the Channel Slope, ‘ Porcupine,’ and 125 fathoms off
Cape Rosier in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Whiteaves), and thence to Cape Cod (Yerrill).
Malmgren gives the shores of Spitzbergen, Greenland, Einmark, and Scandinavia.
Length 1J in. to 2£ in. (Clyde). Some of the foreign examples are about 2^ in.
Head (Plate XXVII, fig. 9).—Nearly as broad as long, with a median sulcus in front,
the sides trending to the peaks, which are free from the base of the median tentacle, the base
of which extends outwards from the sulcus. No specimen had a tentacle, but Malmgren
observes it resembles that of E. oerstedi, which is covered with long cilia with clavate
tips. Moreover, towards the swollen distal region, below the filiform tip, a few large
conical papillas with bifid tips are present—probably as an abnormality. This, however,
may differ considerably from the organ of E. nodosa—which may be less elongate, and
have shorter cilia. The lateral tentacles are short, with small clavate cilia and a filiform
tip. The tentacular cirri are similar to the median tentacle, but shorter. The eyes are
comparatively large, two being situated in front of the posterior border towards the
lateral region, and two just in front of the lateral projection of the head. The palpi
are subulate organs marked by six rows of conical papillse, which become larger
towards the tip of the organ.
Bod/y large and broad, somewhat more rounded dorsally than ventrally, slightly
tapered anteriorly, very gradually but much more tapered posteriorly. Dorsally, it is
readily separated from other allied genera by the presence of the peculiar expansion
at the base of the dorsal cirrus. The bristled segments are thirty-six in number. The
shorter dorsal bristles at once distinguish the species when compared with E. oerstedi.
Dorsally, the segments are generally marked by a transverse bar often dimpled at the
outer edges, and by irregular papillas internal to the scale-bearing process. Ventrally, the
usual median groove marks the centre.
Posteriorly the body terminates in two caudal styles, which have a similar structure
to the cirri.
None of the spirit preparations show colour along either dorsal or ventral surface,
except a few touches on the area below the median and lateral tentacles; thus the species
is in contrast with E. oerstedi, The only pigment visible consisted of a brownish
hue on the lateral tentacles, and a brownish ring below the dilated region of all the
cirri.
Proboscis.—No example of E. nodosa has an extruded proboscis. E. oerstedi shows
nine dorsal papillae and nine ventral, and the teeth are powerful. In E. oerstedi three
gastric caeca pass forward to the dorso-lateral wall of the peripharyngeal space, the
fourth being nearly transverse. The longest is the ventral, which forms a narrow tube
anteriorly and extends to the fourth segment in front of the stomach. The posterior
half, however, is widened by two or three sacculations at its outer edge. The second
and third are shorter and wider clavate caeca, terminating in the corresponding spaces
behind the first. The stomach, if we may so term the anterior dilated part of the
intestine, has thick muscular walls, and its inner surface has a closely arranged transverse
series of firm glandular lamellae, interrupted at short intervals, so as to be crenate or
papillose. These ridges become less and less distinct as we proceed backwards, until
towards the vent the thin wall shows only the distinctly isolated papillae as in Halosydna
gelatinosa. I t might be considered that the foregoing appearances of the stomach were
due to the condition of the preparation, but such did not seem to be the case.
The external opening of the segmental organ has no papilla, but is marked in
E. oerstedi by a blackish pigment-speck. In one example two specks were present on a
posterior foot. The genus thus diverges from Harmothoe.
Scales.—The scales (Plate XXXII, fig. 3) of this form are distinguished from
E. oerstedi by their more leathery consistence, by their characteristically reniform
outline, by their longer and more abundant cilia on the outer edge, and by the
divergent character of the tubercles, which are much more developed in E. oerstedi. The
anterior scales, as usual, are rounded, but the typical scales are reniform with the free
parts studded with small horny tubercles and a row of from six to nine much larger
blunt horny tubercles, or short cones, some of which, a little within the posterior border,
present a bluntly spinose condition at the tip. The anterior and inner margins are smooth,
while along the posterior border a few isolated short cilia occur, gradually increasing in
length till they terminate at the outer edge in the long cilia with the clavate tips. In