264 HERMIONE HYSTRIX.
Achill Head, and recognised by Miss Florence Buchanan,1 who thought it had hitherto
been procured only at Kerguelen; but it and its varieties have a much more extensive
range, even to the shores of Nova Scotia, near Halifax. The varieties described in the
* Challenger ’ were devoid of eyes in the preparations, as this also is.
Genus VII.—Hermione, Blainville, 1828.
Cephalic lobe with a single tentacle and two palpi. Peristomium bears bristles and
two long cirri. Pedunculated eyes fixed to the margin of the cephalic lobe; maxillee
absent or small (thickened processes). No dorsal felt. Elytra alternating with dorsal
cirri. Dorsal and ventral divisions of the feet distinct. Elytra-bearing feet with
glochidiate dorsal spines, and a tuft of strong bristles over the elytra. Ventral bristles
bidentate.
The pregastric and intestinal casca are shorter than in Aphrodita, and even than in
Lsetmatonice, but they have large terminal dilatations. The latter are shorter than in
A. aculeata. The lateral caeca do not approach the median line as in Lsetmatonice.
Segmental papillae from the eighth to the twenty-ninth foot. Nerve-cords closely applied
and flattened.
H ermione hystrix, Savigny, 1820. Plate XXIV, fig. 7.
Specific Characters.—Head broad; each ocular peduncle bearing two eyes; facial
tubercle with globular or slightly ovate papillae. Body elongate-ovoid. Segments
thirty-two to thirty-three. Elytra somewhat reniform, furrowed by divergent and
transverse lines, and having large rounded cells. Dorsal spines glochidiate, with three
fangs on each side; ventral bristles with a spur, and, in the anterior part of the body,
accessory spikes above it. The tip of the bristle is curved.
S ynonyms.
1818. Halithea hystrix, Lamarck. Hist, des An., s. v, vol. v, p. 307.
1820. ,, ,, Savigny. Systèm. des Ann., Descr. dé 1’Egypte, t. xxi, p. 345.
1823. ,, Delle Chiaje. Memorie, vol. i, p. 181, tav. iv, f. 10, 11.
1826. ,, hystrix, Risso. L’Europ. Mérid., p. 413.
1828. Hermione hystrix, De Blainville. Diet, des Sc. Mat., ‘ vers/ p. 457, pi. ix, f. 2.
1834. Aphrod/ita hystrix, And. and Ed. Ann. des Sc. Nat., vol. xxvii, p. 406, tab. vii, f. 1—9 ; and
Annélides, p. 70, pi. i, f. 1—9:
„ „ •,, Cuvier. Règn. An., vol. iii, p. 207.
'Sc. Proceed. Roy. Dubl. Soc./ vol. viii, pt. 2, No. 15, p. 169, 1893.
1836-7.
1840.
1842.
1843.
1851.
1856.
1857.
1858.
1861.
1864.
1865.
1868
1875
1884
1886
1888
1890
Hermione hy'stricella, De Quatref. Reg. an. illust., pi. xix, f. 1.
' „ hystrix, Grube. Actin., Echin., u. Würmer, p. 88.
Aphrodita hystrix, Johnston. Ann. Nat. Hist., iv, p. 370, v, f. a— and v, p. 305.
Halithea hystrix, Delle Chiaje. Descrizione, pp. 57 et 105, tav. lviii, f. 10.
Aphrod/ita hystrix, Oersted. Ann. Danic. Consp., p. 11.
» „ Grube. Earn, der Annel., p. 36.
„ 3, Thompson. Fauna of Ireland (partim ?), p. 273.
Ililgfc; m-J.ite.mmm, O. 0 . Costa. Faima|I: Keg. a. NapoJi, Annel., p. 8, tav. ii, e.
Hermione hystrix, O. G. Costa. Annel. di Kapel., p. 5, Tav. i, f. 11—14, and Tav. ii, f. 1.
;.v )} Kinberg. Fregatt. Eugen. Resa, p. 4, tab. 2, f. 4.
}} ' hystricella, Kinberg. Ibid., p. 5, tab. 2, f.,1.
Aphrodita hystrix, Danielssen. Nyt. Mag. f. Naturvid, Bd. xi, p. 49.
}) Grube. Die Insel Lussin, &c., p. 77.
Hermione hystrix, De Quatref. Hist. nat. d. Annel., vol. i, p. 206, pi. vi, f. 9 14.
„ Kihbergi :(?}. Ibid., p. 209, pi. vi, fig. 16.
'■ hystrix, Baird. Proceed. Linn. See., vol. viii, p. 178.
„ Johnst. Cat. Brit. Ann., p. 106, pi. ii, f. a—e (a repetition of former).
}j „ Claparède. Annel. Chétop. d. Nap., p. 48, pi. i, f. 2.
Il • Marion and Bobretzky. Ann. Sc. Nat., 1875, p. 3.
' „ „ V. Cams. Faun. Med., p. 199.
„ „ Harvey Gibson. Termes Liverp., p. 147.
1 }) „ De Saint-Joseph. Ann. d. Sc. nat. (7), vol. v, p. 146.
,, ,,, Malaquin. Ann. Boulon., p. 14.
Habitat.—A southern form,1 abundant at a depth of fifteen to twenty fathoms off
St. Peter Port, Guernsey, amongst débris of shell-gravel, dead oyster- and mussel-shells,
and occasionally at various parts of the southern coast of England and Ireland. I t is
common in the Mediterranean. The German exploring ship * Gazelle ’ procured it at
Soleton Bank. I t ranges to eighty fathoms.
On the whole it is partial to shell-debris, gravel, and similar regions, and thus frequents
rougher ground than A. aculeata (Hornell).
The smooth head (Plate XXIV, fig. 8) is rounded, and the posterior fillet which
bounds it is considerably overlapped in the preparations by the peduncles of the first
scales. This fillet appears to bear no papilla or homologue of the scale-peduncle externally.
The median ridge which runs forward to and ends in the base of the tentacle is
slightly marked. The ovoid lateral swellings are more prominent than in Lsetmatonice
filicornis. The ocular peduncles are somewhat clavate, with rounded tips, and each has
dorsally a well-marked black eye, and just in front of it a larger one looking forward and
downward. The facial tubercle has numerous globular or slightly ovate papillae—a few
being longer (elongate-ovate).
All except the basal region of the palpus is “ ciliated ” with spike-like papillæ as in
the foregoing species, this being a character apparently subject to little variation. The
tentacle, the base of which possesses scattered globular papillæ, has a peculiarly crenate
outline, slightly enlarged at the tip, and with the clavate terminal process (Plate XXXVII,
1 The notion that it occurs “ all over the British area” (Dr. Benham) does not accord with our
experience. I t is a southern form.