tentacle. The lateral antennæ small. Forty segments. Scales whitish, obliquely ovoid ;
sometimes spotted, with the entire margin ciliated. He points out that Savigny and M.
Edwards described individuals devoid of scales. Moreover he readily distinguished it
by its pale colour ; he thinks that Cuvier was wrong in saying Savigny found it at
Havre.
Baird found it in tube of Chætopterus insignis from Beaumaris.
This species was carefully described by Grube1 from specimens procured at the
larger and smaller Lussins and at Crivizza. He noticed its relationship to P. setosissima
of Savigny, but the latter had shorter palpi and two additional papillæ, viz. twenty, to
the border of the proboscis. He1 2 * says the specimens so named in the Parisian Museum
were Lænilla glabra, Mgrn., and Evame impar.
Malmgren’s artist represents the anterior pair of eyes on the dorsum, and of the
same size as the posterior pair.
The Polynoe laevigata of Claparède, from Naples, approaches this form ; indeed, there
is little! to differentiate it. Claparède considered the P. tentaculata of De Quatrefages as
closely allied.
In Prof. Ray Lankester’s early remarks on this species the essential points were
omitted.
Ehlers alludes to the variations of the scales exhibited by the specimens from
different depths in the ‘ Porcupine ’ Expedition of 1869.
Dr. Hansen’s (1882) P. gldberrima appears to be this species. Unfortunately, while
placing comparatively little weight on the minute structure ~of the bristles, the
diagnostic characters relied on by this author would not appear to have been of much
avail.
I t is difficult to make out to what species Audouin and Milne Edwards’ Polynoe
lævis is to be referred. Malmgren includes it under his Lænilla alba. Prof. Giard
(1886) considers that Polynoe lævis is not a variety of Polynoe setosissima, since the
scales in the former are smooth, whereas in the latter De Quatrefages distinctly says
they have a margin fimbriated all round, but he corrects himself in a subsequent
communication.8 He does hot think the P. laevigata of Claparède is this species.
Hornell (1891) considers that it is the Lænilla glabra, Mgrn., and found it
invariably present in the tube of Chætopterus in Herm.
Baron de Saint-Joseph4 (1898) in a recent paper doubts if Prof. Giard and I are
warranted in connecting this species with Savigny’s form, which had lost its scales.
The description given by MM. Audouin and Edwards, however, though imperfect, comes
nearest this species. He also is doubtful about the inclusion of Claparède’s P. lævigata
as a synonym, but there is no valid reason for altering the view already expressed.
1 “ Beschreibung neuer oder wenig bekannter Anneliden,” f Arch. f. Naturges./ 1863, p. 37.
3 ‘ Arch. f. Naturges./ 1870, p. 287.
8 ‘ Bullet. Sc. Nord,’ pp. 340, 341.
4 Op. cit., 1898, p. 236.
11. Harmothoë areolata, 6^&ef|lL860.,
Specific Characters.-—Body elongate, slightly tapered anteriorly, more so posteriorly,
and terminating in two caudal cirri. Bristled segments 37 to 39. Head somewhat
ovoid, with two elongated peaks in front, and clearly separated by an interval from the
base of the median tentacle. Posterior pair of eyes on the dorsum and in front, of the
nuchal fold, while the anterior pair under the peaks are almost invisible from the
dorsum. The median tentacle is of moderate length, gently tapered, little if at all
dilated below the filiform tip, and densely ciliated. The lateral tentacles are short, and
similar in structure. The tentacular cirri agree with the tentacle. Palpi of moderate
length, gently tapered from base to near the apex, which is short and filiform. They
have rows of short clavate papillæ, which diminish in size from base to tip, which is
bare. Scales fifteen pairs, imbricate, covering the dorsum and extending over the
bristles. They vary in shape from the rounded first pair to the reniform kinds, and the
D-shaped posterior pair are studded with horny papillæ of various sizes, from the small
rounded processes to the elongate forms which rise into bluntly conical spines posteriorly.
Margin ciliated posteriorly from the inner to the outer border. Those on
the outer border are densely grouped and long. Dorsal cirri of moderate, length,
tapered and densely ciliated almost to the tip. In many the distal half of the process is
dilated, so that the organ is broadly spathulate, with the filiform tip projecting at the
distal region. Fèet have a dorsal tuft of curved bristles which are densely spinous,
with a smooth tip, which has a streak as if a rudimentary tooth were present. The
ventral bristles are rather slender, with tapering bifid tips and- well-marked spinous
rows. The ventral cirrus reaches beyond the b'ase of the bristles, and has somewhat
short clavate' papillæ.
S ynonyms.
1857. Polynoe areolata, O. G. Costa. Annel. Nap., Tav. ii, figs. 2—2 j.
1860. „ \ ,, Grube. Arch. f. Naturges., 1860, 72, pi. iii, f. 2.
1861. ,, ' ’ idem. Ein Ausflug n. Triest u. Quarnero., p. 139, Taf. iii, fig. 2.
1864. „ .,, idem. Die Insel Lussin, p. 78.
1865. ,, „ De Quatrefages. Ann., i, 232.
1866. Antinoè nobilis, Ray Lankester. Trans. Linn. Soc., xxv, p. 375, Tab. li, f. 1—9.
1868. Polynoe areolata, Claparède. Ann. Chet. Nap., 71, pi. ii, f. 5.
1876. Harmothoë areolata, McIntosh. Trans. Z. S., ix, 381, pi. lxviii, f. 3, 12, 14.
1884. Polynoe areolata, Y. Carus. Fauna Medit., i, 200.
1886. Evame areolata, Giard. Bullet. Sc. Nord, 341.
1888. Harmothoë areolata, De St.-Joseph, Ann. d. Sc. nat. (7), v, p. 169, pi. vii, f. 41—43.
1890. ,, ' ,, Malaquin. Ann. Boulon.; 18, pi. i, f. 1, 2.
Habitat.—First found by O. G. Costa in the Mediterranean, afterwards by Prof.
E. Grube in the same sea and the Adriatic, and in Britain by Prof. Ray. Lankester close
to and in the tubes of Terebella nebulosa in Herm, by Mr. Cooper in the tubes of
Chætopterus, and by the author frequently under stones at Herm.