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SPHACELARIA SCOPARIA, Lyngb.
Gen. Char. Filaments jointed, rigid, distichonsly branched, pinnated;
rarely simple or subdichotomous. Apices of the branches distended,
membranous, containing a dark granular mass. Fructification; elliptical
utricles, furnished with a limbus, borne on the ramuli. Spha-
OELARiA (ly n g h )—from crt^d)teXor, gangrene, alluding to the withered
tips of the branches.
S p h a c e l a r ia scoparia ; olive or dark brown, coarse, the lower part shaggy
with woolly fibres ; upper branches once or twice pinnated ; the pinnae
erecto-patent, awl-shaped, alternate, the lower ones pimmlate.
S p h a o e l a r i a scoparia, Lyngfi Hyd. Ban. p. 1 0 4 . t. 3 1 . B. Ag. Syst.
p. 1 6 7 . Ag. Syst. Alg. vol. ii. p. 1 9 . Grev. FI. Fdin. p. 3 1 3 . Harv. in
Hook. Br. FI. vol. ii. p. 3 3 3 . Harv. in Mack. FI. H ii. part 3. p. 1 8 0 . Harv.
Man. p. 31. Wyatt. Alg. Banm. no. 331. Ag. Alg. Medit. p. 3 9 . Fhdl.
3rd Suppl. p. 3 3 . Meneg. Alg. Ital. et Balm. p. 3 4 4 .
Sp h a c e l a r ia disticha, Lyngl. I.e. p. 104. t. 31. A . Ag. Sp. Alg. vol. ii.
p. 36. Harv. in Hook. B r. FI. vol. ii. p. 333.
Sp h a c e l a r ia scoparioides, Lyngb. I. c. p. 107. t. 83. C. Ag. Syst. p. 165.
Ce r a m iu m sco p a rium , Xoii/i. Cai. Xoi. vol. iii. p . 1 4 1 . Ag. Syn. Hook. FI.
Scot. p a r t. 3. p . 8 6 .
C o n f e r v a scoparia, Linn. Syst. Nat. vol. ii. p. 730. Huds. FI. Angl. p. 595.
Lightf. FI. Scot. p. ^31. With. yoI.N. p. \ 3 \ . Billw. Conf. i. 32. F .Bot.
1 .1553.
C o n f e r v a marina pennata, Billen. t. 4. f. 23.
S t y po po d ium sco p a rium , Kiitz. Fhyc. Gen. p . 3 9 3 . t. 1 8 . f. 3.
Hab. On submerged rocks, within and beyond the influence of the tide.
Generally distributed along the coasts of the British Islands ; most
common in the south.
G e o g r . D is t r . Atlantic coasts of Europe from Norway to Spain. Baltic and
Mediterranean Seas. Canaiy Islands, Webb. Cape of Good Hope, W. H. H.
D e s o r . Boot, and lower part of the stems invested with a thick coating of woolly
fibres. Stems 3-4 inches high or more, shaggy, robust, either much and
irregularly divided, or subsimple, densely set with quadrifarious, pinnate or
bi-pinnate branches, which spread from the smnmits of the main divisions
in broad, brush-like, rigid tufts. Binnte either short, simple, and spinelike
or elongated, and again pinnulate. Joints longitudinally striate. A
section of the stem and its accessory fibres (fig. 5), exhibits an elegant lace-
work of square cellules in the centre of the stem, and of each separate fibre.
So different from eacli other are the summer and winter states
R.c.e.Ve., iTTTp