i ì
Î: ife
Stirpcs scnmlonlcs oiqiio voluMlcs, lU pcrninllac, Mcnispcr-
maceac quoque caulis striicliirn nlquo tiicremciiio a lypo Dicoty-
Icdoiicis xoloniliitcr iisilalo aberrant.
Prìimim cnim iiolnmliim babemiis, lovioris licci poiideris lioc
vidcatur, qiioil caulis, qiaini quidem .«(alu juvenili ad norniam sit
eylimlricns, posteriore tnincn notale nuilium ab bac forma abluilil.
Meilulla plus minus exccnlrica, lignum in uno Ialcre fortius evo-
Inltnn fero scmpcr ofrciulilur (fig. 2 — 7 .) ; modo caulis in parva
lanlum periplicriac parlo incrcincnuim conliniianilo t.iciiiacformi.s
ni vci in pinniiicm quasi conipres.su.s (fig. 4 ) , modo in iota qiii-
ilom pcriplierin scd diver.sis locis diverso vigore, modo in parlibus
vero iliscrolis accrescendo lobaliis, .sinuntns vcl irregiilorilcr par-
tilns cvadit (lig. 5. 7.). Quiilcs cauiium abnonnitatos saepissime
inlcr I.ianns occurrcre inquc canini vivcndi rniiimc pendere conslat.
Graviiis aiilem Menispermaceas a Dicolylcnn Icge abcrrontcs
inlclligimii.s, si siriiciuraiB iiitcrnam ejiisquo evolulionem
nccuraiiiis proscquumiir. Qua do ro jam plurcs prodidcrunl aiicto-
rcs et conimciiinlioncs graviorcs paucis lioc loco commemorare liccal,
qniim quidcm superfluum csscl, qnac singulae conlribuorint fii-
sius enarrare; omnia cnim ad rem speclanlia in inscquenlibus suo
qnodque loco riio expósita invcninnlnr. — Primus ili. Décaissé Me-
nispcnnacearum slriicluram acciiralius illustravil camque n lypo
Dicotylrnrum normali abluderc ct ad loges prorsus peculiares
cnosci probavii; ipsis bis Icgibus lamen in modum omni ratione
peiTccliim baud exposiiis ’) . Miilium conliilit ili. AimuNUs de
Ji'ssiEu’) , qiium Menispermaceas bac siructurac raliouo aliis ciim
Inanis vinculo naliirali conjunclas esse probavisset, ncque vero ct
Ine ad cvoliiiionis iegcs peniiiis pcrspiciendos pcrvenit; quas npcrirc
scrvnlnm fuit nbscrvaiionibus recculiorìbns cl. Rad lko k e rO «
NAgei.i‘). His praeinissis, ad ipsam rem nos convcriainiis.
Examini subjicias .stirpem nalu majorcm Ctssampdi Parei-
rac, Cocculi laurifolii ctc., quac undiqiic acqiialiier explícala fuit
(fig. 8.), En cemnmi occtiponlcm mciliillam, corlicem pcripbcri-
cmii; inter uliiimqiic strata conceniriea, ligui indolcm praebenlia,
qnac dislincie ali iniiccm discriminala sum. Quac slrncliira, quum
levilcr obliiciili hp o Dicotylcdoiicis solilo responderé videnlur,
quum strain illa annulos annolinos dissimiiicnl, in accuraiiorc examino
slalini magnopcrc diversa cognoscitur; baud cnim. iii illnniin
ino.s csl, ab annulo ollero in altcrum liiin fasciculi vasculares liim
radii parciicliymaticí (rail, mcdiillaros) revera conliiiuanliir, con-
textil lanlum bine laxiorc illinc spissioro, sed aimiilii.s unusqiiis-
qno a cniilcriiiino separatur per slratiim, quod indolcm pracbct
pciiiliis divcrsani, corticalcm dico. Vicissilildinc igiltir rcgiiinvi
ligiii sirala iniiorn ciim anguslioribus corticnlibiis alterna observa-
mus (fig. 3 - 9 . ) .
Microscopii opc siirponi pcrlusiraiilcs primum in annulum
iniimiim animiim advcriamns (fig. 1. 2. 1 3 - 1 5 . ) . Hic conllaius |
est e faseieulis fibrovascularibus, numero diversis in speciebus
iiiler S cl 30 vario, qui riidiís paicncbyin.Tlicis compictis, quos
I) Meinoirc sur l.i fain, dcs Lnrrfizabal. ii
8) Muuosniphic des .Vfalpigliiaciies, p. UK
8) llrgrnsb. Flora 1858. p. Ifi3.
4) Uoitrage zur ii¡ssenscliafil, Bot.inlk, I
vocant, sejiiiicli mcdullac pnrencliyiunlicnc eylindninr anibcnm
Quorum fasciculoriim iinusqnisque cxlrcnii.m versus mcdullnm por-
rigit pbalangem libri prosciicbymallci (fig. 16. 17. Lb'.), e.xirorsiim
quoque dctcvminatam parencbyniatc praclongo, quod quidcm unica
laiilum vel pniicis seriebus dispositum est (fig. 17. P* .). Inseqni.
liir lignum proprie dictum. Qiiod quum iu primaria parle (va
ginn .s. corona medullae, fig. 16. 17. Vg. M.) vasa spirifera dc-
volubilia inlcrjcclasquc ccllulas prosciicbymaticas cxbibeut (fig, 17,
V. sp .), rcliquuiii (lignum secundarium) omnino e proscncliv-
malc copiosiorc (fig. 17. P rs.) vasisqiic solummodo punclaio- vcl teli-
eulaio-porosis (fig. 17. V. p.) conslitiilum iisque ad zonac primariac
peripberiani exienililur maximamque lotiiis fasciculi parlcm refen
(fig. 12. RI. I.g ., 1 4 15.). Jam in zonnm corlicalcin priniariam
transeúntes in ligni coiitimiationc obscrvainus strnliini validinn
cambii cmortui (Cambifoniiiiim Niigeli), praclongi vcl subinde
transvcrsalUer parlili (fig, (2. RI, Cbf.), denique lolins fasciculi versus
pcripbcrinm cxlreinam plialnngom libri liinnlatam, mine conti-
iiuam, mine parencbyniatc limi langcniiali lum radiali dircciionc
inlorrnplnm siiepeqno inlus deteniiiiiatam (fig. 12. 16—21, t.b.),
Usquc ad banc rcgioncni procurrimt radii parciicbymalici, qui qunm
reliqua parte pnrciicbyinale Icpiiipleuro refcrmiiur, exlimis cellula.
nini seriebus soìemniter niiiUniu inernssaiis ponieni quasi inter
libri fasciculos arcuatili) cúrvalos efficiunl (fig. 13. 18—21. Rp,),
— Siipcrest denique zonao corticalis primariac slratiim tenue par-
cncliymatis loplopicuri subisodiamelrici (fig. 12, RII. P .); quod
aulem revera nd zonam inscqiieniein pertincro, infra dcmnn-
strabilur.
Jam in nnmilum secundarium transoamiis (fig. 12. RR,);
Hic pariter ac primarius 0 faseieulis comslat fibrovasciilaribus, per
radios parcncbymalicos completos scpavaiis. Qui quum ad lains
inlcrnum definiantiir parencliyunate ilio Icplopleuro (P .) , cnjiis in
continiialione quoque radii parcncbymalici (Rp.) cnnspicinntur, 0
medulla quasi propria ortuii) ducere videnlur. Similcm quoque ac
primarii spcciem primo iiiiutu prncbcnlcs, lii fasciculi lamen noils
pluribus ab iis diffcnmt. Non solum cnim caront vasis spirifcris
ilevoliibilibus, scd eliam libro timi cxieriorc turn iiiieriorc onininn
deslilHli snnl; pars eorum lignea e proseiicbymnte Ì'nsisqiic soiiini-
modo porosis constai, quum in corticali cambiformium laniuin
offeranl (fig, 12. RII. Cbf.); radii aulem parciicbymatici a primariis
eo lanlum di.scrcpiiiii, quod parie vere corticali ilcsiiluil suiil. — Tolum
vero hoc fasciculorniii radioriiiiiquc systema cingiliir sirnlo (cnui
aimiilìformi, cnniiiiiio, e cellulis parcncbyniaticis valde pacbpleii-
ris porosisqiic (quales cellnlas „sclcreiicbyninticas“ appellare liccal)
connato, quud quum Iibcr gciiuimis quidcm ilcfitial, biijiis lociiin
obtinerc verumqiic zon.ie scciiiiilarinc slralum librosum refcrrc videlur
(fig. 12. RII. Sci.). Quod denique, siciit in zona primaria
observavimus, stralum conscqiiiinr angnsliim parcncliynialis Icpio-
ploiiri, qiio zona icrtia inlus delirminalur (fig. 12. RIH. P.).
T enia bacc zona (fig. 12. RIH.) parilcr ac roliqiiac, iiliima solimi
e.xccpla, ornili raiione sccnndariae consimiles sunl; vasis spiri-
feris libroquc carentes intus pnrcncliyinalo Icplopleuro mcdiillac
consimili, cxlcnic vero aiinulo sclcrcncbyinaticu libriini dissinm-
Exlima denique zona (fig. 15. RII., fig. 21 .), reliquis rpiiilciii
nolis cum praecedeulibus congrua, (amen ab iis discrepai iiicre-
nicnluni adirne conlmiiaiido, ita ut alburnum in ca cambiiimqac
prospere vigcns ncque vero cniiibiformimn offcndaiur (fig. 21. 22.
Cbm. II.). Relieto annulo sclercncbymatico, quem inde a primo
iiiilio batic zonnm cingcnlcin obscrvainus (fig. 31. Sci.), i» exli-
, cxhilict parenebyma siibisodiainclricum, seriebus peripbcri- leum (Korlt) pemcinie mere pbelcl,
cis dispositu-, .
aiigcnliir (quale piirciicliy --------
N.\ckm „merislcma“ signi- cousUiuiiini (quam soclioiicm fasciculos solini
ficamus) (fig. 15—20. .Mst.); externe ciliares pc-
pcndcrma oceiirril cum ncirasse fingamus), insequcnicni coiiicxluiim
Piireucliyina
c. iiamicliyni
siftbile).
Xoaa III.
Liber iatcrlor. Parencliyma inc- 1 PareiicliyniR i
ParoiicliyiiiR. (liiiliruniic. ilulliruriiie.
LR'Ouni prlinariiun. Lìgnmii, Liguuin,
ciiiKlRrluiii).
Cainbifurniiuni
l’aioueliyiiiii
Libvr exlorior.
iibrifornii;.
l’.irciicliyiiia in
Uullifurinc.
rarciicli) ma
ilii-irorijic.
Corte»
McrisU-mn.
Pcriderma-
Siiperniiiim es.set, singuins enumerare iiujus slructurac a
normali, qnac diciinr, ililTercniins. Quos facile pcrspicìns, si arborem
quondam dicolyledoneam eiim in modum crosccntcm fingas,
ul omnia qnae singulis in nimis c cambio prudeunt, band, ut
plcrneqiic Dicotylcdoncne consiicvcrunl, iiilor coriiccm et lignum
coiiliniio depouantiir, sed in conico ip.so extra lolum fasciculoriim
syslenia, quod in imoqiioqno aimortim prncccdumiinn efrornialuni
crai. Ilo quidem vasa spirifera dcvoliibilin in zonis secundarii.s
dcficoro ralioncm libi redilns el quod libro cnrcaiit illae, analoga
facile invomaninr. — Ex inscquenlibus cluccbit, banc slnictiiram
reverá eum in iiioilnm pronnsci, ul cum ca, quam lìnxlmii.s, ere-
scendi ralionc, baud iiieplc coniparari possil.
Panca denique bue loco commemorare liceat, in siirpis topo-
graphiam gcneralem speclanlia. Fasciculi cnim vasculares, qnuin
qniiicni siiipilis in zonis por anastoiiiosc.s ci-eberrimns inlcr sese
conjuncii sint, diversis tamen in otuiuIìs onuiino fcrc ab invicem
I eri snnl, msi solummodo in nodis per cliorda.s raras comieclaiiltir;
un acciilil, ul irregulariìer erga praocedcnics sinl distribuii, ila
e. gr. in altero pars lignea lociim obtineal aule praeccdculis
«le- (lig. K . 15.), Quiiiii niilcm Inm ¡Ili lum radii nareiicliyma-
•e. « .I» , fc,.,
. o,,n W „ . „ l i , ,3 F i " “ '« ■
i „ i „
. . ,0 ,.™
Ad eiolnlioncm bujiis slruciurac cxpouendam me converto cl
ahaìc u l n r ' ''P P « '" -
raali smnf np*«« «ffor-
■ sunt, sialim in unicum orbem disposili apparent (fig. 13.),
nm lun. “ Frlpl»ri«... a ,.,
v . , , " ! , ! ? " '" '" " " '“ "'" U. “ LI'-.)' V«“ > .. ,.,„1.. ~ p n d .iig i Iqilopl.iiri eo,.lc-
..
’ ■ / • . . - f e ; : : “ :
■ -■ ¡ .p li« r i C " " ; f “ ' “ “ " " " " “ i
prac ’ 1 '"ú'luhno ñique conici coiitormiiiao,
F eelens longuudine insignes su n l), pacbypleurae saepeque ,
iisqiie ail lumen fere cvanidnin iiicrassaiae, puris crebris insirti-
clao olilingiint, poris niileiii omiiino cavilnlc illa, qua maculae
spccics criiciliir (Tüpfelraiim, Ilnf) ilcslidiiis, nienibranis conspi-
ciio per slrata coiicoiilricn disposili.s aibiduquo u.sqiic aureo colore
tinctis (fig. 1 6 -2 1 . Lb. Lb'.). Monc.mius .solum, quod libri in-
icriuris cellulae plerumque minus pncbydermaticno ncque tanto numero
III fasciculum counalao olTeMdaiilur, qunm in cxtcriore, sub-
inde vero cl bis raiionilius ulcrqiio prorsus congruit (TAmacia,
Aspidocanja ole.). Ilaec libri inicrioris pracseniin, qunm aiiis Ii’i
ordinibus onuiino raro lanlum observeiur, in loto Menispenna-
ccarum ordino porfecle sibi constai, ilaque cliniii characiercni sy-
stonialici vnlorfs offerì, quo nb nirinibus, solis c.xccptis /.ardiza-
balets, opiimo Mcnispermaceue ilistinguiinliir. — QnoJ celluias
ligni proscncbymaticas allinei. Ime praelongae sunt, c.xlrcmis olle-
iiunlis jiixia invicem inscriae, pacliyilcrmalicao, omnibus parictibus
maciilaiae, ila vero, ul in sectiouc longitudinali unicam plerumque
inaciilanim .sericm conspRias; macnlnc bac elliplicae, poro obliquo
riiniiluso, spira commimi sinistrorsa (fig. 17. 22. Prs.). Ejusdem
indolis maculis quoque vasa oblcguntur, asl pro eorum ainplilu-
(linc numerosissimis por mullas series disposilis; ncque raro aulem
hac iransvcrsim eloiigaiae quoque occiirruni voi ainpliaiac. Ila ut
fere scnlnriformo vel reticiilatiini vas cvadal (fig, 22. V. p.). Ob-
scrvandum quoque, rasa brcviler arliculaln amplitudine gatidcrc
conspicua extrorsum accrcsccnic (ul luanarum mos c sl), nec non
sennino subindo icmporc parcncliymalc impleri (fig. 17. 22. V. p.
fig. 12.). Vasa spirifera ligni primarii (vaginae s. coronac ino-
diillaris) nil uncruiii memoriae digniim; unica plerumque fibra devolvi
possimi (fig. 17. V, sp.). - Medulla radiiquc medulläres e pa-
reiicbymale consiani lindiqiic punclalo-poroso; quod quum in priore
praeserlim vorticoii dircctioiie elongaluni sii (fig, 17. AL), in radas
siiblsodiamctriciini vcl liorizunlalilcr cxlcnsimi oblingil (fig. 32.
Rp. !!.). Cellulae railioriim in corlicc consiiac jam maiiiro crasscscunt
porisqiic conspicuis cannlifoniiilius ornaiiliir (fig, 18—22.
Rp.), ncque raro banc indulcm in singulis dispersis quoque vcl in
, phalangibus parvulis observare licci, L'icrqtie comexlus amylo scalci
copiosissimo, inlermixtis siibiiide cryslallulis aciciilarilnis’ vcl pri-
smaticis; raro olco pingui (Sompkojyhn WHllsclda,¡elii) vcl
I resina quadaiii sangiiinoo-riibra (TAmacia) omnes vel singulac
taniiim cellulae gaudonl.
Cambium iirimarium, quum per aliquot Icmpiis in modum
Dicolyicdoneis usiiatiim incremcnium coniiiiuaverii, dcmum ad
latus e.\tcrnum quoad facullalcm goncraiidi muiaiur. Ncque über