18
H a b . T h e n o rtlu -rn a n d w e s tem c o a s ts o f A u s tra lia ,
P o r t E s s in g to n ; H o u tin a n s A b ro llio s , Sw a n R iv e r c o lo n y .
(W e h a v e se e n n o s p e c im e n from V a n D io in e u ’s L an d ).
N o t o t h e n ia c o r n u c o l a , v id e p . 8 .
C h . s p e c . N . c a p ite n u d o , la v i , s q u am is in r eg io n ih u s
s u p r a s c a p u la r ih u s n u llis , o p e r c u lis su p e r n e sq u am o s is ;
p in n i s d o r s i c o n tig u is ; corpore fu s c o , v a r io ; g e n â
o b liq u é fa s c ia tâ .
R a d i i :— B r . 6 ; D. ô |— 3 2 ;A . 2 9 ; C . 1 3 | ; P . 1 9 ; V. l |5 .
P l a t e X L , â g s . 3 , 4 , n a tu r a l siz e .
H a v in g , th ro u g h th e k in d n e s s o f M r. G ra y , h a d a n o p p
o r tu n ity o f in s p e c tin g a c o lle c tio n o f F a lk la n d I s la n d
fish , I am e n a b le d to give a fu lle r a c c o u n t o f th e sp e c ie s o f
N o to th e n ia th a n I c o u ld from S ir J am e s R o s s ’s sp e c im en s.
T h e fig u re s o f N . c o rn u co la , in th e fo rm e r f a s c ic u lu s , h a v in g
b e e n tak en from w o rn a n d m u tila te d e x am p le s , a n d th e
v e n tra l fin s h a v in g , th ro u g h in a d v e r te u c e , b e e n a lto g e th e r
om itte d (in P l a t e V I I I ., fig. 4 a n d 5), th e d e fe c t is s u p p
l i e d b y m o re c o r r e c t r e p r e s e n ta tio n s .
T h e sp e c im e n s , w h ic h a re p re s e rv e d in s p ir its , h a v e th e
b a c k , s id e s a n d h e a d o f a c le a r um b e r, o r c h e s tn u t-b row n
co lo u r, v a r ie d b y a p a le r y e llow ish -b row n , in a c lo u d e d or
b a n d e d p a tte rn . A n o b liq u e p a l e s tr ip e c ro s s e s th e fore
p a r t o f th e ch e e k , a n d is d e fin e d ab o v e a n d be low b y d a rk
um b e r b rown b lo tc h e s ; th e b a s e o f th e p e c to r a l is c ro s s ed
b y a d a rk b a r , a n d th e h in d e r p a r t o f th e f ir s t d o rs a l is
b la c k , a s in m o s t o th e r sp e c ie s . T h e sp a c e b e tw e e n th e
v e n tra ls is m o re s c a ly th a n a p p e a r e d from th e in ju re d s p e c
im e n s , b u t th e s c a le s o v e r th e w h o le o f t h a t re g io n a re
sm a ll, a n d d e e p ly im b e d d e d iu th e m u co u s sk in . T h e
te e th a re s u b u la te , a n d r a th e r lo n g fo r th e s iz e o f th e in d iv
id u a l, a s c om p a r e d w ith som e o f th e o th e r sp e c ie s . T h e y
fo rm tw o o r th r e e row s in th e f ro n t o f th e j aw s , a n d m e re ly
a s in g le se rie s o n th e s id e s . T h e v e la a re , a s in th e o th e rs ,
la rg e , a n d co v e red w ith tum id - lip p e d p o re s . L e n g th , s ix
in c h e s .
H ab. C a p e H o rn , a n d th e F a lk la n d Is la n d s .
N o t o t h e n ia v ir g a t a . R ic h a rd so n .
C h . S p e c . N . c a p ite obeso, n u d o , p r a t e r tem p o ra e t sum m a
o p é r e n la sq u am o sa ; colore c o rp o r is p u r p u r e o , p u n c t i s
v io la c e is ; v ir g d m e d ta n d l a id e l a l le r d in sam m o dorso
ie n u io r i, p a llid is , in ta m in a i i s ; f a s c i a o b liq u a i n buccd.
R .a d i i B r . G ; D . 51— 3 2 ; A. 2 9 ; C . 1 5 | ; P . 22 ; V . l |5 .
P la t e X L , figs. 5, 6 , n a tn r a l siz e .
T h i s N o to lh e n ia re s em b le s co rn u co la in i t s n a k e d p o ro u s
h e a d , th e d is tr ib u tio n o f tb e s c a le s o n tb e u p p e r b o rd e r o f
th e o p e r c u lum , in th e c h e e k s tr ip e , d a rk m a rk on th e b a s e
o f th e p e c to ra l, a n d in th e n um b e rs o f th e ra y s o f th e v e rt
ic a l fins. I t ha.s, h ow eve r, a fu lle r b lu f f h e a d , w ith la rg e
l ip s , a n d is we ll d is tin g u ish e d from i t a n d th e o th e r sp e c ie s ,
b y a b ro a d , lo n g itu d in a l, p a le , sp o tle s s s tr ip e o n th e s id e ,
a n d a n a r row e r o n e a d jo in in g th e b a s e o f th e d o rs a l. T h e
r e s t o f th e s id e h a s a p lum -p u rp le lin t, b e s p r in k le d with
d a rk , v io le t-c o lo u re d d o ts . T h e h e a d h a s a lso a p u rp le
h u e , a n d th e o b liq u e , p a le s tr ip e o n th e ch e e k , is b o u n d e d
a b o v e a n d be low w ith d a rk m a rk s . T h e firs t d o rs a l is, as
is m o s t u s u a l, b la c k p o s te r io r ly ; th e r e a re sm a ll o b s c u re
s p o ts oil th e s e c o n d d o rs a l, a n d a d a rk lin e crosses^ th e
a n a l r a y s n e a r th e i r en d s . T h e s e co lo u rs a rc d e s c rib e d
from sp e c im e n s k e p t in sp irits .
T h e s c a le s a lo n g th e m id d le o f th e s id e s a re fin e ly a n d
e q u a lly c ilia te d ; th e te e th o f th e u p p e r a n d low e r o n e s
a rc m o re m in u te , a n d a re u e a r ly c o n c e a le d b y th e e p id e r m
is ; w h ile , tow a rd s th e m id d le o f th e b e lly , a n d o n th e
to p o f th e b a c k , th e te e th o f th e s c a le s b e c om e q u ite
o b so le te . _
T h e j aw s a re a rm e d w ith a s in g le se rie s o f s lig h tly
c u rv ed su b u la te te e th , w h ic h a re ta lle s t in fro n t. In th e
u p p e r jaw o n ly , th e re a re th r e e o r fo u r in te r io r te e th in fro n t,
a s t a ll a s th e o th e rs . T h e v e la a rc so ftly g r a n u la r a n d
p o ro u s , a s in o th e r sp e c ie s . T h e h e a d fo rm s a fo u rth o f
th e to ta l le n g th o f th e fish, c a u d a l in c lu d e d , a n d th e
h e ig h t o f th e b o d y is e q u a l to a fifth o f th e le n g th .
L e n g th , 5|- in c h e s .
H a b . T h e F a lk la n d Is la n d s .
N o t o t h e n ia m a r g in a t a . R ic h a rd s o n .
C h . s p e c . N . c a p ite n u d o , la v i , sq u am is ta n tum m o d o
p a u c i s , in c o n s p ic u is o cu lum in t e r a p e r tiiram q u e ^ s um -
m am b r a n c h ia r um : p^innis d o r s i c o n n e x i s ; p in n d d o r d
s e c u n d d p in n d q u e a n i n ig ro tin c ti s , m a r g in ib u s p a llid is .
I iA [ ) l i ;_ B r . 6 ; D . 6 |— i l3 2 ; A. 2 8 ; C . 2 1 ; P . 2 0 ; V. l(.5.
P la te * X I I ., figs. 3, 4, n a tu r a l s iz e .
T h i s fish h a s th e sam e k in d o f b a r o n th e c h e c k , a n d
lin e a c ro s s th e b a s e o f th e p e c to r a l, w h ic h we o b se rv e in
iV. co rn u c o la a n d v ir g a ta , a n d th e h e a d is ev en le s s s c a ly ,
th e r e b e in g o n ly five o r s ix sm a ll d e ep ly im b e d d e d sc a le s
s c a tte r e d a lo n g th e liu e o f ju n c tio n o f th e g ill-c o v e r with
th e c ra n ium . T h e r e a re n o n e o n th e s u p r a - s c a p u la r r e g
io n s , a n d th e lo p o f th e s u p r a - s c a p u la r its e lf c a n w ith
ditficu lly b e tr a c e d th ro u g h th e in te g um e n t. O p e n p o re s
e x is t o n th e sam e p a r ts o f th e h e a d a s in th e sp e c ie s
n am e d ab o v e , v iz . a c ro s s th e s n o u t a n d n a p e , a lo n g th e
u p p e r h in g e o f th e g ill-c o v e r, ro u n d th e ey e , a lo n g th e
lim b s o f th e low e r j aw , a n d u p th e ed g e o f th e p re o p e r c u lum
. O n e o f th e n a s a l o p e n in g s h a s a n e le v a te d tu b u la r
m o u th s itu a te d ju s t b e fo re tb e eye. I f th e r e b e a s e c o n d
o p e n in g , i t c a n n o t b e d is tin g u ish e d from a p o re . T h e gill
m em b ra n e s a re u n ite d b e n e a th , a s in th e o th e r s , th e Iree
ed g e o v e r th e is thm u s b e in g a s e gm e n t o f a c irc le . T h e
p a le b o rd e r s o f th e a n a l a n d d o rs a l fin s form a r e a d y d is tin
c tiv e m a rk o f th e sp e c ie s . T h e s e fins a re o th e rw is e
b lu r r e d o r b lo tc h e d w ith b la c k , b u t th e co lo u rs o f th e fish
h a v e fad ed in th e s p ir its .
T h e s c a le s o f th e b o d y a re s tro n g ly c ilia te d , e x c e p t
th o s e w h ic h a re o n th e to p o f th e b a c k , a n d o n th e b e lly ,
a n d n e a r th e a n a l fin , w h e re th e te e th b e c om e obso le te .
T h e s c a le s o f llic la te r a l lin e a rc n o tc h e d a t th e tip , a n d
h av e a tu b e o n th e d isk . T h e r e a re fo rty su ch s c a le s on
th e fore p a r t o f th e lin e , a n d to n on th e p o s te rio r p a rt.
* I t is due to Mr. Mitchell to say, that from a mistake in preparing
this plate, which was partly executed in lilhutiiit, the drawings have
been considerably injured.
T h e te e th s ta n d in a s in g le se rie s o n b o th jaw s , a n d a re
sh o rt, su b u la te , s lig h tly in c u rv e d , b e c om in g g ra d u a lly
sm a lle r tow a rd s th e c o rn e rs o f th e m o u th , T h e v e la a re
th ic k ly cov e red with soft, p e r fo r a te d , g r a n u la r em in e n c e s .
T h e le n g th o f th e h e a d is c o n ta in e d th n c e a n d th r e e q u a r te
r s in th e to ta l le n g th o f th e fish , w h ic h is 4 ^ in c h e s .
H a b . T h e F a lk la n d Is la n d s .
N o t o t h e n ia t e s s e l l a t a . R ic h a rd s o n .
C h . S p e c . N . sq u am is la v i s s im i s : c a p ite sq uamoso ; corpo
r e s e x - fa s c ia io ; p i n n d d o r s i te s s e lla ta .
R a d i i :— B r . 6 ; D . Gj— 3 3 ; A. 3 2 ; C . 2 1 ; P . 2 2 ; V . 1|5.
P l a te X I I ., figs. 1, 2, n a tu r a l siz e .
T h is sp e c ie s h a s a m o re e x te n s iv e ly s c a ly h e a d th a n a n y
o f th e N o to th e n ia d e s c r ib e d in th e p r e c e d in g p a g e s . T h e
sc a le s co v e r th e to p o f th e h e a d fo rw a rd n e a r ly to th e
n o s trils , tw o -th ird s o f th e c h e e k , a n d th e whole of th e g ill-
cove r, e x c e p t a n a rrow m a rg in , w h ic h is sm o o th . T h e
lim b o f th e p re o p e r c u lum , th e w h o le in te ro p e r c u lum , th e
p r e o rb ita r , e n d o f th e sn o u t, m a x illa r ie s , jaw s , a n d u n d e r
su rfa c e o f th e h e a d a re a lso sm o o th . T b e o p e r c u la r s c a le s
a re la rg e r th a n th e o th e rs o n th e h e a d . T h e s c a le s o n th e
b o d y a re sm a ll a s c om p a re d w ith th o s e o f th e o th e r N o to lh
e n ia , th e re b e in g a b o u t e ig h ty in a row b e tw e en th e g ill-
o p e n in g a n d c a u d a l fin. T h e s e s c a le s a re q u ite sm o o th on
th e ed g e , n o te e th b e in g v is ib le th ro u g h a n ey e -g la s s o f
c o n s id e ra b le powe r. T h e y a re b o u n d e d b y fo u r s lig h tly
co n v e x cu rv e s , a n d o ne ta k e n from th e m id d le o f tb e s id e ,
showed th irte e n furrows im p re s s e d o n th e b a s a l h a lf. W h e n
in s i tu , th e y a re in v e s te d w ith a th ic k e p id e rm is , w h ic h
re n d e r s th e ir ed g e s b lu n t, a n d th e y fe c i sm o o th to th e fin g
e r d r aw n e ith e r way ov e r them.
T h e la te r a l liu e is tr a c e d o n s c a le s w h ic h a re n o tc h e d
a t th e tip , a n d h a v e two p o r e s o n th e d isk , w ith o u t any
v is ib le tu b u la r r id g e . T h e u p p e r lin e c a n b e tr a c e d c o n s
id e ra b ly p a s t th e c om in e n c em e u l o f th e low e r o ne . T h e
p o re s o f th e h e a d a re in th e s am e s itu a tio n s a s in th e o th e r
sp e c ie s . T h e free ed g e o f th e u n ite d g ill-m em b ra iie s is
c u rv e d in th e a rc o f a c irc le . T h e le n g th o f th e h e a d is
c o n ta in e d th r e e tim e s a n d a h a l f in th e w h o le le n g th o f
th e fish. B o th jaw s a re a rm e d w ith a row o f su b u la te
te e th , s im ila r to th o s e o f th e o th e r sp e c ie s , w ith tw o o r
th re e m u c h sm a lle r o n e s b e h in d th e f ro n t t e e th , a u d c u rv e d
b a c kw a rd s . T h e to n g u e , la rg e a n d sm o o th , h a s a free,
ro u n d e d tip . T h e u p p e r a n d low e r v e la a re g la n d u la r.
T h e o rig in a l tin ts h a v e p e r is h e d d u r in g th e im m e rsio n
o f th e sp e c im e n in s p ir its , b u t s ix ir r e g u la r ly w edge -
sh a p e d b a r s c a n b e tr a c e d , d e s c e n d in g from tb e b a c k down
th e s id e s . T h e fin s g e n e ra lly h a v e a d a rk g ro u n d . T h e
firs t d o rs a l is , a s u su a l, m o s tly d e e p b la c k , a n d th e s e c o n d
is b a r r e d with row s o f sq u a re sp o ts .
L e n g th , sev en in c h e s .
H a b . T h e F a lk la n d Is la n d s .
N o t o t h e n ia s im a . R ic h a rd s o n .
C i i . s p e c . N . c a p ite d<pressiusciilo p a r u m co n v e xo , sq u a -
moso ; corpore fa s c ia f i in n e b u lo so ; s q u am is c ilia tis .
R a d i i : - B r . 6 ; T). Gj— 2 8 ; A. 2 8 ; C . 1 3 1 ; V . 1 |5 .
M a le X L , figs. 1, 2 , n a tu r a l siz e .
T h h N o to th e n ia h a s a n e x te n s iv e ly s c a ly d e p r e s s e d h e ad .
T h e c h e e k is th ic k ly c o v e re d w ith sm a ll s c a le s , e x c e p t
a b o u t o n e - th ird o f it, n e x t to th e c o rn e r o f th e m o u th ,
w h ich is n a k e d . O n th e tem p le s a n d su p r a - s c a p u la r r e g
io n s th e s c a le s a re m in u t e ; o n th e to p o f th e h e a d a n d
o p e r c u la th e y a r e la rg e r a n d m o re d e e p ly im b e d d e d in th e
sk in , a n d th e i r form a n d d isp o s itio n a re le s s r e g u la r b e tw
e e n th e ey e s. M o s t o f th e s c a le s o n th e b o d y a re
c ilia te d . A row o f o p e n p o r e s ru n s a lo n g e a c h lim b o f
th e lowe r j aw , ro u n d th e p r e o p e r c u lum , a lo n g th e n a p e ,
a c ro s s th e u p p e r ed g e o f th e g ill-co v e r, ro u n d th e o rb its ,
a n d o v e r th e e n d o f th e s n o u t, a s in m o s t o f th e o th e r
sp e c ie s .
T h e le n g th o f th e h e a d is c o n ta in e d th r ic e a n d tw o -
th ird s , a n d th e h e ig h t o f th e b o d y five tim e s a n d th r e e
q u a r te r s in tb e to ta l le n g th . T h e sp a c e b e tw e en th e ey e s
is n a r row e r th a n th e b r e a d th o f th e o rb it. T h e te e th a re
a ll sh o r t, a n d in f ro n t o f th e jaw s a r e d isp o s e d in s ev e ra l
T h e o rig in a l c o lo u r s o f th e fish h a v e fa d e d , b u t some
d a rk m a rk s s till e x i s t on th e c h e e k a n d tem p le s . O n th e
u p p e r p a r ts o f th e b o d y a n d s id e s th e d a rk tin ts h a v e a
c lo u d e d a n d b a n d e d form. T h e r e a r e d a rk m a rk s o n th e
b a s e a n d tow a rd s th e e x tr em ity o f th e c a u d a l, a n d some
o b s c u r e s p o ttin g o n th e o th e r two v e r tic a l fin s , w ith a
d a rk e n in g o f th e m em b ra n e n e a r th e tip s o f th e ray s . T h e
p e c to r a ls a re o b s c u re ly b a n d e d ; a few sp o ts e x is t o n th e
v e n tr a ls , a n d th e f ir s t d o rs a l e x h ib its th e u su a l b la c k ma rk.
L e n g th , 4 ^ in c h e s .
H a b . T h e F a lk la n d I s la n d s .
H a r p a g if e r b i s p in i s . V id e p . 11.
C h . s p e c . H . co rp o re a u r a n tia c o , fa s c i i s ir ib u s fu s c is
c in c to ; c a p ite fu s c o .
R a d i i :— B . 6 ; D . 4 |— 2 2 v e l 2 4 ; A. 1 7 ; C . l l | ; P . 1 7 ;
V. l;5 .
P la te V IL , figs. 1, 2 , 3. P la te X I I ,, fig. 8 , n a tu r a l siz e ,
fig. 9 , m ag n ified .
T h e sp e c im e n s from wh ich th e g en e ric c h a r a c te r s a u d
th e d e ta ile d d e s c r ip tio n o f th e s p e c ie s were g iv e n in th e
p r e c e d in g fa s c ic u lu s , a s re fe rre d to a b o v e , h a d b e e n m u c h
in ju r e d b y im m e rsio n in b r in e , a n d tb e p a tte rn s o f c o lo u r
h a d n e a r ly p e r ish e d . T h ro u g h J\Ir. G r a y ’s k in d n e s s , 1 h av e
h a d a n o p p o r tu n ity o f e x am in in g sp e c im e n s well p re s e rv e d
in s p ir its , a n d o f m a k in g som e a d d itio n s to th e a c c o u n t o f
th e sp e c ie s .
T h e firs t d o rs a l iu r e a lity c o n ta in s fo u r sp in e s , th e la s t
sp in e b e in g , in some e x am p le s , m u c h m o re c o n sp ic u o u s
th a n in o th e rs . B y a r e - e x am in a tio n o f S ir J am e s R o s s ’s
sp e c im e n s , I d e te c te d th e fo u rth sp in e c o n c e a le d u n d e r
th e in te g um e n ts . T h e la s t r a y o f th e d o r s a l a n d a n a l is
b o u n d down to th e t a il b y m em b r a n e , w h ic h e x te n d s n e a rly
to th e b a s e o f th e c a u d a l. A row o f p o re s ru n s a lo n g
e a c h lim b o f th e low e r jaw , a n d ro u n d th e ed g e o f th e
p re o p e rc u lum to th e tem p le s . A n o th e r c ro sse s th e e n d o f
th e sn o u t, fo llow s th e e d g e o f th e p r e o rb ita r , c om p le te ly
e n c irc le s th e e y e , th e n c o n tin ú e s a lo n g th e u n io n o f th e
g ill-c o v e r with* th e sk u ll, a n d , c ro s s in g th e n a p e , u n ite s
w ith its fellow. .\11 th e s e p o re s h a v e e le v a te d tu b u la r
D 2