DIMENSIONS.
LengUi flora u p p e r lip to end o f c au d a l fin ....................... 5-20 inches.
„ „ gill-opening ................................ I -31 „
Leng th o f cau d a l-fin....................................................................... 0 '7 0 „
W id th of h e ad ................................................................................ 0 '9 0 „
H e ig h t o f h in d h e a d ...................................................................... 0-80 „
„ first dorsal ................................................................. 0-95 „
T hickness o f body a t th e p e c to r a ls .......................................... 0-85 „
H .ab. T h e c o a s ts o f K e rg u e le n ’s L a n d .
N o t o t h e n ia c o r n d c o l a . R ic h a rd s o n .
C h . S p e c . N . c a p ite n u d o , la v i , poroso ; s q u am is n u ll i s
s u p r a - s c a p u la r ib u s , o p e r c u lis su p e r n e sq u am o sis.
R a d i i :— B r . 6 ; D . 5 |— 3 2 ; A. 2 7 ; C . 1 9 ; P . 2 1 , V. Il5 .
P la t e V I I I . , figs. 4 , 5 , n a tu r a l siz e .
M a n y s p e c im e n s o f a sm a ll N o to th e n ia were c o lle c te d
b y th e e x p e d itio n , am o n g th e se a -w e e d t h a t lin e s th e
sh o re s o f C a p e H o rn . T h e s e s p e c im e n s h a v e su ffe red
m u c h in ju ry from d e te r io r a tio n o f th e s p ir it in w h ich
th e y were p u t, a n d th e fig u re is th e r e s u l t o f a c om b in a tio
n o f th e m o s t p e r f e c t, o n e s u p p ly in g w h a t w a s w a n tin g
in a n o th e r . I t is d r aw n to th e d im e n s io n s o f th e ’ --------
s p e c im e n .
I n g e n e ra l fo n n th e s p e c ie s re s em b le s N . c y a n o b ra n c h a .
T h e d o r s a l f in s a re d is tin c t, b u t c o n tig u o u s . T h e r e is a
b a u d o f d e e p ly im b e d d e d s c a le s o n th e u p p e r b o rd e r o f
th e o p e r c u lum , a few sm a ll o n e s o n th e tem p le s a d jo in in g
th e u p p e r e n d o f th e p re o p e rc u lum , b u t n o n e o n th e sp a c e
e n c lo s e d b y th e lim b s o f th e s u p r a - s c a p u la r . T h e tip o f
th a t b o n e is c r e n a te d , a n d lo o k s lik e a s c a le th ro u g h th e
in v e s tin g sk in . A row o f p o r e s com p le te ly e n c irc le s th e
ey e , a n d ru n s fo rw a rd a lo n g th e ed g e o f th e sn o u t. P o r e s
a lso tr a c e o u t th e lim b o f th e p re o p e r c u lum , a n d ru n a lo n g
th e low e r j aw , a n d th e r e is a s in g le p o r e o n th e m e s ia l lin e ,
b e tw e e n th e ey e s. T b e in te ro rb ita l sp a c e is n a rrow e r
th a n th e w id th o f th e o rb it. T h e p o s te r io r n o s tr il is
sh o r tly tu b u la r ; th e a n te r io r o n e c a n n o t b e d is tin g u is h e d
from a p o re . T h e s c a le s o n th e b e lly a re ve ry sm a ll, a n d
b e tw e e n th e v e n tra ls th e y a r e c o n f in e d to th e m id d le th ird
o f th e s p a c e . O n th e s e p a r ts th e y a re n o t to o th e d , a n d
no te e th a r e v is ib le o n th e la rg e r s c a le s a b o v e a n d b e h in d
th e v e n t. O n th e s id e s o f th e b o d y a n d ta il th e s c a le s a re
stro n g ly c ilia te d . T h e r e is n o a n a l tu b e rc le .
T h e c o lo u r s g e n e r a lly h a v e f a d e d . T h e c h e e k s a n d
b a s e s o f th e p e c to r a ls a re d a rk , th e c a u d a l, s e c o n d d o rs a l,
a n d p e c to r a l fin s a re fin e ly m o ttle d . T h e s tom a c h is
p y rifo rm , w ith a sh o r t, n e a r ly c y lin d r ic a l p y lo r ic b r a n c h
s p r in g in g u pw a rd s from a b o v e i t s m id d le . R o u n d th e
p y lo ru s th e r e a re s e v e n s h o r t cæ c a , a n d th e in te s tin e , in
its c o u rs e to th e a n u s , d o u b le s o n c e . T h e s tom a c h s o f
th o s e w h ic h w e o p e n e d c o n ta in e d sm a ll fish , c ra b s , a n d
c ra y fish .
L e n g th , from th re e to s ix in c h e s .
H a b . C a p e H o r n , P o r t L o u is .
N o t o t h e n ia p h o c æ . R ic h a rd s o n .
C h . S p e c . N . ro s tro co n v e xo , r i c tu or is a s c e n d e n ii ; cor-
p o r e fu s i f o rm i , c a u d d com p r e s sa ; p in n d d o r s i se cu n d d
p in n d q u e a n i a r c u a tis .
R a d i i :— B r , 6 ; D . 41— 2 5 ; A. 3 0 ; C . ; P . 23 ; V. 1]5.
O n th e I4 th o f J a n u a ry , 184 2 , w h e n th e sh ip s were
em b a y e d am o n g ic e , in th e C5th p a r a lle l o f so u th la titu d e ,
a n d a b o u t th e 1 5 5 th w e s t m e r id ia n , a s e a l w a s ta k e n w ith
tw e n ty - e ig h t p o u n d s o f fish in its s tom a c h . T h e fish we re
o f two k in d s , o n e a S p h y roe n a , th e o th e r a N o to th e n ia , o f
w h ic h th e r e were m a n y m u tila te d in d iv id u a ls . D r.
H o o k e r m a d e a c a re fu l d r aw in g o f th e m o s t p e r f e c t, a n d
p u t s e v e ra l e x am p le s in s p ir its , b u t th e y h a v e b e c om e
s till m o re d e te r io r a te d , th o u g h e n o u g h rem a in s to le av e
little d o u b t a s to th e g e n u s , a n d e v e n to sh ow th a t th e
s p e c ie s is d is tin c t from a n y o f th e p r e c e d in g o n e s , b u t
n o t su ffic ien t to fu rn ish m a te ria ls fo r a c o r r e c t d e s c rip tio n .
I n th e fo rm o f th e h e a d th is fish c lo s e ly r e s em b le s th e
fo llow in g , N . m a g e lla n ic a , th e o rific e o f th e m o u th in
b o th b e in g m o re o b liq u e th a n in th e fo u r s p e c ie s we h a v e
fig u re d . T h e d o r s a l lin e a lso is m o re a r c h e d , a n d th e re
i s a c o r r e s p o n d in g c u rv e o f th e v e n tr a l lin e p o s te r io r to
th e an u s . A n te r io r to th a t o rific e , tlie b e lly , a s in th e
o th e r s , is r a th e r p ro tu b e r a n t, a n d , o n t h a t a c c o u n t, th e
b o d y is h ig h e s t a t th e c om m e n c em e n t o f th e s e c o n d d o rs a l
fin , th o u g h th e sum m it o f th e d o rs a l c u rv e is so fa r
b a c k a s th e n in th r a y o f th e fin. T h i s r a y is , m o re o
v e r, th e ta lle s t, a n d th e a n te r io r a n d p o s te r io r o n e s
d im in ish v e ry g r a d u a lly in h e ig h t, so as to give a ila tly
c u rv e d o u tlin e to th e fin. T h e firs t d o rs a l a p p e a r s to b e
a s h ig h a s a n y p a r t o f th e s e c o n d o n e , b u t n e i th e r D r.
H o o k e r ’s sk e tc h , n o r th e sp e c im e n s , e n a b le u s to d e te r m
in e w h e th e r th e tw o fins we re c o n n e c te d b y m em b ra n e
o r n o t. T h e s e c o n d r a y o f th e f ir s t d o rs a l is th e ta lle s t,
th e form o f th e tin b e in g t h e s am e w ith th a t o f m a g e lla n ica .
T h e a n a l c lo s e ly re s em b le s th e s e c o n d d o rs a l, a n d b o th
fin s h a v e a s lig h tly p ro lo n g e d tip to th e l a s t ray. T h e
p e c to r a l is s im ila r in fo rm a u d re la tiv e s iz e to th a t o f th e
fig u re d sp e c ie s , a n d th e v e n tr a ls a re a lso s im ila rly p la c e d .
T h e c a u d a l was m u tila te d in a ll th e sp e c im en s . N e ith e r
th e c o u rs e o f th e la te r a l lin e , n o r th e p r e s e n c e o r a b s e n c e
o f s c a le s o n th e h e a d , c o u ld b e a s c e r ta in e d . T h e s c a le s
o f th e b o d y a p p e a r to h a v e b e e n to le r a b ly la rg e . Dr.
H o o k e r ’s n o te s s ta te th a t th e y we re d e e p ly im b e d d e d in
th e sk in . T h e j aw te e th a re in n a rrow b a n d s , a n d n e a r
th e m id d le o f e a c h lim b o f th e low e r j aw th e r e is o n e a
l ittle la rg e r th a n th e r e s t, w h ic h m ay b e c a lle d a sm a ll
c a n in e to o th . T h e p a r tia lly d ig e s te d fra gm e n ts were
c o lo u re d “ a z u r e -b lu e , m ix e d w ith p a le p in k , th e b lu e
s tro n g e r, b r ig h te r , a n d more s ilv e re d a b o u t th e g ill-co v e rs ,
jaw s , a n d c h e e k s , m o ttle d m o re o r le s s w ith la rg e b la c k
s p o ts , e sp e c ia lly a b o u t th e u p p e r a s p e c t o f th e h e a d , th e
b e lly , b a s e o f th e p e c to r a ls , a n d sh o u ld e rs . T h e b la c k
p u p il s u rro u n d e d b y a b r illia n tly ir id e s c e n t iris , s tre a k e d
w ith a z u re -b liie , silv e r, a n d c a rm in e .” P e rh a p s some o f
th e tin ts m e n tio n e d b y D r . H o o k e r m ay h a v e b e e n p ro d
u c e d b y th e a c tio n o f th e g a s tric ju ic e .
T h e liv e r is p a le red , v e ry la rg e , th r e e lo b e d , a n d covers
th e v e n tr a l surfa c e o f a ll th e in te s tin e s , I t s b r e a d th above ,
in a fish 6^ in c h e s lo n g , is 1’08 in c h . Be low, w h en sp re a d
o u t, i t m e a su re s 2 ‘40 in c h e s . T h e le ft lo b e , in s itu , i.s 0 '7 0
in le n g th , th e r ig h t o n e h a n g s d ow n to th e an u s , a n d is I '78
in c h lo n g ; th e in te rm e d ia te lo b e is m u c h sm a lle r. T h e
v e rtic a lly k id n e y - s h a p e d s tom a c h em its from its m id d le a t
r ig h t a n g le s a s h o r t c y lin d ric a l p y lo r ic b r a n c h , 0 '4 2 in ch
lo n g , a n d b e low th e p y lo ru s th e r e a re live c y lin d ric a l
o b tu s e cæ c a , th e lo n g e s t o f w h ic h m e a su re s 0 '3 5 in ch .
T h e su rfa c e o f th e s tom a c h wa.s s tu d d e d w ith la rg e c h a lk y -
lo o k in g sp o ts . I n te s tin e s w h ite , c o r ru g a te d , a n d th re e
in c h e s in le n g th . A n o b lo n g r e d s p le e n lie s b e tw e e n th e
p y lo r ic b r a n c h a n d b o d y o f th e s tom a c h . T h e u rin a ry
b la d d e r c lo se to tb e an u s , sp hæ r ic a l, a n d in a ll th e sp e c im
e n s , fu ll o f w a te r. T h e r e were b u t few fem a le s am o n g
th e sp e c im e n s , a n d in th e s e th e o v a wore v e ry la rg e a n d
w h ite .” T h e s u b jo in e d v ig n e tte r e p r e s e n ts th e liv e r a n d
s tom a c h , in s i tu ( a ) ; th e s tom a c h a n d in te s tin e ( b j , a n d
th e u rin a ry b la d d e r a n d low e r p a r t o f th e re c tum ( c j .
D im e n s io n s o f five o f th e m o s t c om p le te sp e c im e n s .
FemiUcs. Mai*.
Len g th , exclusive of c a u d a l... 6 '7 3 6 '3 5 6 27 6 '0 0 2-53 inches,
from vent to c au d a l... 5-72 3 '4 2 3 07 .3-60 I'QS „
Gre atest dep th o f h o d y 1'82 1-63 1'20 I'SO 0'48 „
bread th o f d i t t o M 2 0 '9 8 0-93 1'03 0 '2 6 „
Len g th o f he ad to gill-opening 2-00 1-82 1 82 1'83 0-59 „
H e ig h t of h e a d ........................... 1-21 M 7 D28 I 'l o 0 -15
Breadth o f d itto ........................... 0'8.5 0 '8 0 0-91 1 02 0-25
Len g th o f pectoral fin ............. 1-60 1'2.5 1-26 1'28 0 '2 7 „
ventrals M l 1 07 1-04 „
Average weight, 2 ^ ounces.
H a b . A n ta rc tic G la c ia l O c e a n , o ff V ic to r ia L a n d .
N o t o t h e n ia m a g e l l a n ic a . F o rs te r.
C i i . S p e c . N . c a p ite s v p r a p ia n o , d e c liv e , la te r ib u s e t
in f r a ro iv n d a to , squamoso ; p r e o p e r c u lis , o p e r c v lisq u e
sq u am o s is ; p in n i s v e n tr a lih u s a c um in a iis , p i n n d d o rsi
se cu n d d e t a n i sen s im p o s tic e d im in u e n d i s ; p i n n d d o r s i
p r io r i tr ig o n d ; p in n i s om n ib u s fu s c i s . (F o rs te r.)
R a d i i :— B r . 6 ; D . 51— 3 1 ; C. 1 4 ; P . 1 7 ; V. Il5 .
(Forste r.)
G a d u s m a g e lla n ic u s , I . R . F o r s te r i, M.S . IV . 46. a p u d
Bl. S c h n . p . 11. I c o n . in e d . B ib l. B a n k s , fig. 178.
O f th is sp e c ie s w e h a v e se e n n o e x am p le . T h e figure
above r e f e rre d to re p re s e n ts a fish ve ry s im ila r to th e follow
in g in g en e ra l form, b u t w ith a d iffe ren t o u tlin e to th e
v e n tr a l fins, a n d a firs t d o rs a l s im ila r to th a t o f c y a n o b
ra n c h a .
H a b . A m o n g th e su b litto r a l se a -w e e d o f T e r r a d e l
F u e g o .
N o t o t h e n ia ? r o s s i i . R ic h a rd so n .
C i i . S p e c . N . f r a d i i s p i n n a d o r s i p r io r i s r ig id is , obtu
s is , b r e v ih u s ; co rp o re e lo n g a te .
R a d i i :— Br. 6 ; D . 7 | — 1 |3 2 ; .A. 1 ¡26 ; C. 1 1 | ; P . 22 ;
V. 1|5.
P la te V., figs. 1, 2, o n e -fo u rth o f th e n a tu r a l s iz e .
T h i s fish is n o t o n ly o f a m u c h la rg e r s iz e th a n th e
s p e c im e n s o f th e p r e c e d in g s p e c ie s o f N o to th e n ia w h ic h
w e re b ro u g h t h om e , b u t diffe rs from th em a ll in its c om p
a r a tiv e ly low f ir s t d o rs a l, su p p o r te d b y b lu n tis h sp in e s ,
d e s titu te o f fle x ib ility , o r o f f ilam e n to u s tip s . T h e r e is,
m oreove r, a v e ry s h o r t sp in e a t th e c om m e n c em e n t o f th e
d o rs a l a n d an a l, a n d th e p e c to r a l fin is sm a lle r, a n d le s s
o rb ic u la r th a n in th e o th e r N o to lh e n ia . I n o th e r r e sp e c ts
th e r e a p p e a r s to b e n o e x te rn a l g e n e r ic d iffe ren c e . O n ly
o n e sp e c im e n e x is ts in th e c o lle c tio n , a n d th a t is m e re ly
th e stu ffed sk in , so th a t we c a n a d d n o a n a tom ic a l p a r t i c
u la rs to th e following d e s c rip tio n , w h ich , from th e a b e r r
a n t c h a r a c te r o f th e sp e c ie s , is g iv en in d e ta il.
T h e h e a d m e a su re s m o re th a n a fo u rth p a r t o f th e w h o le
l e n g th o f th e fish, c a u d a l fin e x c lu d e d . I t s h e ig h t a t th e
p re o p e rc u lum is a b o u t o n e -s e v e n th le s s th a n its th ic k n e s s ,
w h ich is eq u a l to tw o - th ird s o f its le n g th . T h e to p o f th e
h e a d is fla ttish , th e d e s c e n t from th e h in d h e a d to th e
sn o u t is v e ry s lig h t, a n d th e in c lin a tio n is eq u a lly s lig h t
a lo n g th e b a c k to th e ta il. T h e b e lly is a little tum id , b u t its
p ro file b e h in d th e a n u s h a s th e same in c lin a tio n ivith th a t o f
th e b a c k , in a n o p p o s ite way. T h e h e a d is th ic k e r th a n
th e b o d y . T h e ov a l a n d la te r a l o rb it is r a th e r la rg e , a n d
is p la c e d h ig h u p in th e c h e e k , a t th e d is ta n c e o f m o re
th a n its le n g th from th e ed g e o f th e u p p e r lip , a n d th re e
a n d a h a lf lim e s a s fa r from th e g ill-o p e n in g . I n th e
d r ie d sp e c im e n th e s u b o rb ita r b o n e s s h ow u n e v e n ly th ro u g h
th e sk in , b u t w h en th e fish w a s r e c e n t, th e y m u s t h a v e
b e e n e n tir e ly c o n c e a le d . T h e a n te r io r o ne co v e rs m e re ly
th e h e a d o f th e in te n n a x illa r ) ’, its ed g e n o t b e in g free
b e n e a th . O n e n o s tr il is p la c e d on a lev e l w ith th e u p p e r
e d g e o f th e o rb it, a n d m idw ay b e tw e en th e e y e a n d a n te r io r
c om e r o f th e p r e o rb ita r , o r ed g e o f th e sn o u t. T h i s h a s a
tu b u la r rim . T h e o th e r v e ry m in u te o p e n in g is c lo s e to
th a tc om e r . T h e p re o p e r c u lum h a s its l im b s s lig h tly c u rv e d ,
a n d m e e tin g a t a r ig h t an g le , b u t w ith th e c om e r g r a d
u a lly ro u n d e d off. l i s ed g e is q u ite sm o o th , a n d i ts v e ry
n a r row d isk is p e rfo ra te d with p o r e s , a s in th e o th e r s p e c
ie s , b u t th e ir n um b e r c a n n o t b e a s c e r ta in e d from th e
sp e c im e n s , a s b o th c h e e k s h a v e b e e n o p e n e d a lo n g th e
e d g e o f tb e p r e o p e r c u lum , in its p r e p a r a tio n . T h e u p p e r
e n d o f th is b o n e is a b o u t m idw a y b e tw e en th e ey e a n d th e
g ill-o p e n in g . T h e s lig h tly u n e v e n in ie ro p e rc u iu n i is five
tim e s a s lo n g a s i t is b ro a d . T h e su b o p e rc u lum is a n te r
io rly o f th e s am e h e ig h t with th e iu te ro p e rc u lum , a n d
g ra d u a lly ta p e r s away p o s te r io r ly to a th in p o in t, w h ich