appear to be a second form of fruit. See De Bary, in Bot.
Zeit. 1859.
2. N. parasitica, F r .; pileus slightly fleshy, conical, expanded,
unequal, pellicle persistent, grey, pruinose; stem minutely
fistulöse, flocculoso-villous, whitish; gills adnate, thick,
distant, at length contorted and anastomosing, brownish.
(Plate 19, fig. 2.)
On Russula adusta. Common. In this species also De
Bary finds a second form of fruit, though different from the
last, and confined to the gills.
13. MARASMIUS, Fr.
Hymenophorum confluent with the stem, though different
in texture, descending into the floccose trama. Hymenium
dry, covering the interstices as well as the gills. Gills or
folds thick, tough, and suhcoriaceous. Edge acute.
* Pileus tough, lutfieshy; margin at first involute ;
myeelium floccose.
1. M. urens, Fr.; acrid; pileus fleshy, then coriaceous,
convexo-explanate, smooth, even, at length wrinkled or rivulose;
stem solid, fibrous, rigid, pallid, mealy all over with
little white fibrils, and clothed with white down at the base;
gills free, united behind, pallid and yellowish, at length
brownish, firm, distant, finally remote. (Plate 14, fig. 3.)
In woods and pastures. Not uncommon. Abundant in
the Kew Gardens, mixed with M. oreades. Very nearly related
to the next.
3. M. peronatus, F r .; acrid ; pileus thin, coriaceous, convexo
plane, obtuse, opaque, at length lacunose; margin striate;
stem stuffed with fibres, outer coat villous, yellowish, then rufescent,
peronate and strigose at the base ; gills adnexed, seceding,
rather thin and crowded, pallid, at length rufous.
(Plate 14, fig. 4.)
In woods, amongst leaves. Common. Rather larger than
the last, thinner, and far more wrinkled when old. Stem
clothed at the base with dense yellow strigæ.
3. M. porreus, Fr. ; garlic-scented ; pileus coriaceo-mem-
hranaceous, convexo-explanate, striate, flaccid; disc even, of
the same colour ; stem stuffed, then hollow, tough, juiceless,
thickened at either end, reddish-brown, pubescent ; gills nearly
free, distant, firm, yellowish, then pallid.—Sow. t. 81.
In woods, amongst leaves, generally growing on their midribs.
Not common. Smell extremely strong, sometimes
persistent for years in dried specimens. Pileus dirty-white,
shaded with brown.
4. M. oreades, Fr. ; pileus fleshy, tough, convexo-plane,
then somewhat umbonate, smooth, turning pale ; stem solid,
equal, covered with a woven villous coat, pallid, naked at the
base ; gills free, broad, distant, cream-coloured. (Plate 14,
fig- 5.)
In exposed pastures, forming rings. Very common. Esculent.
Pileus at first rufous-ochre, nearly cream-coloured
when old or dry.
5. M. fusco-purpurens, Fr.; scentless; pileus rather fleshy,
convexo-plane, subumbilicate, turning pale ; stem smooth, fistulöse,
juiceless, hrown-purple, with rubiginous strigose hairs
at the base ; gills annulato-adnexed, at length free, distant,
rufescent.—Pers. Ic. et Descr. t. 4 ./. 1, 3.
In woods. Common. Pileus at first brown-purple, pallid
when dry.
6. M. Wynnei, B. and Br. ; inodorous, cæspitose ; pileus
fleshy, convexo-plane, snhumhonate, lilac-brown, tardily
.' ( • h!,-