and wings, of which there are no traces in the_other bird, though I
have some doubt whether this may not be due to the individual: not
being fully adult.
11. Saltator gularis.
Loxia gularis, LessJ'Tr. d’Orn. i. p. 448.
“ Saltator ccerulescens, Vieill.,” Cab. Mus. Hein. p. 142.
Saltator super cili&ris, Licht. in Mus. Berol.
Saltator gularis, Lafr. in Mus. suo.'
Supra nigrescenti-plumbeus, super ciliis longis a fropte ad mam
cervicem albis: subtus julvescens, gutture utrinque ragro mar-
ginato ; peciore et cervicis lateribus einerascentibus: ventre medio
albescentiore: rostra brevissimo, crassissimo, nigro, apice uncinata :
mandibula superiore juxta nares aurantia.
Long, tota 8*5, alae 4*0, caudse 4*0.
Hab. Monte Video {Cab.).
12» Saltator maxillosus.
I Saltator maxillosus, Cab. Mus. Hein. p. 142 (note).
Similis S. gulari, sed rostro adhuc majore, subtus minus ferrugineus,
' et alis olivaceo perfusis: a S^muto autem gitla non alba sed
sordideflavescenti*grisea et.crisso darius'ferrugineo, neenon rostro
forii dignoscendus. fCab.T.e:)
Hob. Montevideo (Cab.). *'
Mus. BeroL
I examined the type of this species when at Berlin, and was rather
doubtful about its real distinctness from the preceding. I possess' a
specimen very much'resembling it, as far as I can- recollect and-can
gather from Cabanas’ description. The bill of this example is not,
thicker than in one specimen of SJgularis, but is uniform black., and
the back and wings are olive^green as in that in the Berlin Museum.
But I think it is probable that this may be an immature stage of
<§. gularis.
13. Saltator rufiventris. '
Saltator rufiventris, Lafr. et d’Orb. Syn. Ay, in Mag. de 55<k>l.
1837, p.35; d’Orb. Voy. p i 289f p i,‘2.8, fig. 1; Gray’s Gen. p. 3.63;
Bp: Consp. p. 489.
Saturate plumbeus: superciliis elongatis, albis: abdomine castaneo.
Long, tota 9*0, also 4*4, caudse 4*0.
Hab. Bolivia («T Orb. et Bridges).
Mus. Brit, et Paris, u
M. d’Orbigny found this species very common in the environs of
Enquisivi, in the province of Sicasica, and near Palca, in the province
of Ayupaya in Bolivia.. Mr. Bridges’ specimens--in the British
Museum are also from Bolivia. It is a well-marked bird, and not
likely to be confounded with any qf its congeners,
14. Saltator aurantiirqstriS, r
Habiapico naranjado, Azara, Pax. i. p. 349.
Saltator aurantiorostris, Vieill. N. D. d’H. N. xiv. p. 103, et Enc.
Mdth.*p. 789; d’Orb. et Lafr. Syn. Av. in Mag. de Zool. 1837,
p. 35; d’Orb. Voy. p. 288; Gray, Gen. p. 363; Bp. Consp. p. 490.
? Supra cinereus, pileo obscuriore; capitis lateribus, vitta subguttu-
xqli qonjunctis, nigris : super ciliis pdstice dilatatis et gutture
albis: abdomine ocfyracqscenU-dBid®: cauda nigra, rectricibus
. lateralibus albo terminaiis rostro aurantio.
Long, tota 8*5," alse 4*0, caudse 3*75.
Hab. Paraguay (Azara) ; Corrientes, La Plata (d’Orb.); Bolivia,
Sicasica, Mizque, Valle-grande, Ayupaya, Cochabamba and La Paz
(d’Orb.); Peru, Echarate (Cast, et Dev.).
Mus. Brit., Paris. &c.
This, species, which may be always recognized by its bright orange
bill, seems, rather variable in some respects. There is a fine series
-of specimens» of it in the Paris Museum, collected by d’Orbigny and
Castelnau and Deville. In what seem to be the fully adults, the
front sides df the head, throat and breast, are all deep black, a
•post-superciliary stripe and middle of the throat only being white.
Others, which I suppose are immature, have the white space on the
throat much larger, the black guttural band being confined to a
mere ring, which in some specimens is hardly apparent.
* ,'!$& Saltator albicollis.
Saltator albicollis,, Vieill. N. D. d’H. N. xiv. 107, et Enc. Meth.
p. 793; Gray, Gen. p. 363 ; Bp. Consp. p. 489.
Fusco-olivaceus ;■ subtus albo-subvirescens fusco maculatus : super-
cilUs gulaque albidis. (Bp.) <
T have examined the type-specimen at Paris upon which Vieillot
founded this- specifes, and from which Prince Bonaparte took the
short characters above given. It seems to be an immature bird, and
I think thel'ocaHty, Cayenne, is most likely wrong: I suspect it was
probably from Trinidad, in which island there is a Saltator belonging
fd this section with the flammulated under-plumage. Of tins I
possess an example which may be described as follows:—
“ Above greenish-olive; head darker, uropygium more cinereous;
small yellowish supercilia before the eye; wings bordered with bright
olive-green; tail brown like the wing-feathers inside, rectrices edged
basally with cinereous; under-surface white, regularly flammulated
with olive-green; middle of the throat and belly nearly all white,
just the shafts of the feathers only being olive; under wing-coverts
white; bill black, with the apex yellow. Whole length 7*5; wing 3*5,
tail 3*3.”
There is a peculiar twist in the commissure in this bird which
seems to agree with what Vieillot says of his S. albicollis; and I
think it very probable that it is this Trinidad species that ought to
bear that name.
But until an accurate comparison can be made between a series, of
individuals of each of the five members of this section of the genus,
I think it. almost hopeless to determine the species satisfactorily.