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DESCRIPTIONS OF CEAKIA.
mature age of 86. Officers of all the Legions ic Britain'—the " I I . " " VI." and " XX."—resorted
to its waters, and found their tombs on the sides of its lovely hUls. Several of these were not
Roman citizens, but auxiliaries of various nations, as the Mediomatrici of Gaul, and the
Vettones of Spain. One altar is dedicated by a simple stranger from Treves,—" Civis
T h e v e b o b u m . "
The skull is that of a man about thirty-flve; all the sutures, including the frontal, being
very distinct. He must have been below the middle stature, the femur measuring only 17^ inches.
The capacity of the skull is represented by 77 ozs. of sand, corresponding to a brain of 51 ozs.,
about the average weight of the adult male brain at the present day. The skull is remarkable
for its flat and broad—platycephalic—and somewhat short form. The frontal bone is rather
low but very broad. The parietal bones are also widely expanded, without distinct tuberosities,
bulging out especially at the squamous borders. The occipital region is broad and short, not projecting
posteriorly, as in many Eomano-British crania. There is a small par-occipital process on
each side. The mastoids are of full, the squamous plates of medium, size; the latter decidedly
convex. The bones of the calvariiun are of medium thickness. The frontal sinuses are moderately
prominent; the nasal bones aquiline in profile. The face is broad, short, and of almost
quadrangular outKne. The upper maxillaries axe short and decidedly overhang the lower jaw.
This last is of very unusual configuration; the ascending processes being very broad and forming
even somewhat more than a right angle with the body of the bone, which is of medium depth.
All the teeth, excepting the third upper molars, have been present during life; the crowns are
only slightly eroded. The great overlapping of the upper canines and incisors has produced
a remarkable erosion of their inner surfaces, and consequently of the outer surfaces of the
corresponding lower teeth: the canine teeth are large and prominent.
MEASUREMENTS.
Horizontal circumference
Longitudinal diameter .
Erontal Region.—Length
Breadth
Height
Parietal Region.—Length
Breadth
Height
21-6 inches.
7-5 „
5-0 „
5-4 „
4-6 „
5 0 „
5-6 „
4-6 „
4'5 inches.
5-1 „
4-1 „
15-0 „
Occipital Region.—Length .
Breadth
Height .
Intermastoid arch . . .
Internal capacity 77 ounces
Eace.—Length 4 2 inches.
Breadth 5-6 „
Tibia.—Length 14-1 „
The remains of military caligse at the feet show the skull above described to be that of a
Roman soldier. It possesses many marked Roman characteristics, but has features, especially in
the large angular lower jaw, which induce the suspicion of its being that of a man of mixed
race, the offspring of a Roman and perhaps of a British woman, by one of those marriages with
peregrini not recognized by the Róman laws. StUl the Roman character predominates, and it
is fairly entitled to the designation of "Ancient Roman skull." All, however, in the
absence of an inscription, that from external evidence can be positively asserted, of the skeleton
of which it formed a part, is that it belongs to the Romano-British period, and had been
interred with Roman rites. (J. T.)
26. (4)
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