P R E F A C E .
A m o n g tiui fo rm s w liic li r em in d u s o f llic N o r th o f E u r o p e , sp e c ie s m a y )je n o tic e d o f th e J a y
a n d N u tc r a c h c r ', o f th e Titm o u se , Goldjinch, T iu ljin c k , a n d B la c k b i r d ', o l th e Cuckoo, Woodp
e c k e r , a n d Creeper^, difl'o rin g little in s t r u c tu r e a n d d isp o s itio n o f th e ir c o lo u r s f rom o u r w e ll-
k n ow n B r itis h spe c ie s. T h e g r e a t e r p a r t o f th e B r itis h D u c k s h a v e lie e n o b s e rv e d to in h a b i t
th e s e m o u n ta in s . A n d o th e r sp e c ie s o f th e N a ta to r ia l b ird s , as w e ll as m a n y o f th e W a d in g
o rd e r , e x h ib it, i f n o t th e sam e spe c ific c h a r a c te r s , a t le a s t th e e x a c t fo rm s o f th o s e o f th e N o r th
o f E u ro p e .
T h e in te rm e d ia te s itu a tio n o f th e s e m o u n ta in s , ly in g b e tw e e n th e n o r th e r n a n d s o u th e rn
p a r t s o f Asia , su g g e s ts to u s t lic s u p p o s itio n o f m a n y s o u th e rn A sia tic fo rm s b e in g u n ite d to
th o s e o f th e n o r th . A c c o rd in g ly w c iiiu l som e o f th e m o s t p r o m in e n t g ro u p s ‘ l a te ly c h a r a c te
r iz e d a s h e lo n g in g to H in d o s tá n a n d th e E a s te rn A r c h ip e la g o , r e p r e s e n t e d in th e H im a la y a n
m o u n ta in s b y n ew spe c ie s. S e v e ra l o f th e g roups® a lso w liich a r e com m o n to b o th A fric a a n d
I n d ia , h a v e th e i r r e p re s e n ta tiv e s in th is e .xtcnsive d is tric t. A n d m a n y o f th e A u s tr a lia n genera®
m a y b e tra c ed th ro u g li th e A rc liip e la g a u is la n d s a n d th e c o n tin e n t o f I n d ia , u n t i l th e y re a c h
ih e ir a p p a r e n t n o r th e r n lim it in th e m o u n ta in s o f N c p iil.
A few fo rm s s e em to b e p e c u lia r to th is d is tr ic t, o r a t le a s t to m a k e i t th e i r c e n tr a l h a b ila lio u .
A m o n g th e m o s t im p o r ta n t b f th e s e a re th e s p le n d id P h e a s a n ts w h ic h h a v e b e e n c h a r a c te r iz e d
b y M . T em m in c k u n d e r th e n am e o f L o p h o p h o ru s , o f -whicli th e n ow w e ll-k n ow n Im p e y a n
P h e a s a n t is th e t y p e ; th e c r e s te d P h e a sa n ts , w h ic h th e sam e n a tu r a l i s t h a s s e p a r a te d u n d e r th e
t id e o f E u p lo c am m ] a n d th e h o rn ed P h e a sa n ts , w h ic h M . C u v ie r h a s e q u a lly d is tin g u is h e d b y
th e n am e o f Tra g o p a n . I n a d d itio n to th e s e , a fo rm a p p a r e n t ly I tc lo n g in g to th e S lm k e s , a n d
o u e to th e g ro u n d T hrushe s, as w e ll a s a v e r y iiiL c rc sliug fo rm th a t u n ite s th e c h a r a c te r s o f
som e r em o te g e n e r a o f llie W a d in g B ir d s , w ill lie fo u n d lo lie c h a r a c te r i z e d ' fo r th e f ir s t tim e ,
from d ie b ird s in th e p r e s e n t c o lle c tio n .
' Cviv. ; Briss. ' Lin n .; Carduclis, Hv\ss. \ T’yrMu/«, B ris i.; Atict.
’ Linn.; i-'iew, Linii.; Ccrihia, tiwci. ‘ Such as Tciiiiii. ; ¿ ’«¿curuj', T cnim.; Bucco, h\ict.
‘ lIc£7ualornis,'S\^.\ Muscipcla, Cm'. •, Lamproioniis.'iMann. Pastor, U . \ Linn.
' Vig. and I lo r s f.; CincCosoma,\\i[.-, /•'¿«a, Tcmm.; Pomulurhinus,\loKi.
'■ These genera arc named Hijpsipclcs, Zoolhcra, -Awi^lbidorkyncha. A second species of tlie lirst group, discovered in the Dukliun,
has hcen descrilicd bv Col. Sykes since the publication of the eliaracters of the genus.
A D V E R T I S E M E N T .
I n d i a , a n d e sp e c ia lly its c e n tr a l re g io n s , p r e s e n ts a fie ld th e r ic h n e s s o f w h o s e s to re s a t onc e
in v ite s a n d r e p a y s th e in d u s t r y o f th e n a tu r a l i s t ; a n d a lth o u g h few s c ientific o r e n te rp r is in g
t r a v e lle r s r e tu r n to E u r o p e w ith o u t a d d in g s om e th in g to o u r k n ow le d g e , still th e fa c t stresses
u p o n u s, s tr e n g th e n e d e v e n b y th e i r r e s e a rc h e s , t l ia t m u c h r em a in s fo r tlie la ljo u r e r .
T h e fo r tu n a te p osse ssion o f a v a lu a b le c o lle c tio n f rom th e H im a la y a m o u n ta in s , h a s e n a b le d
th e A u th o r to l a y th is C e n tu ry o f h ith e r to u n f ig u r e d B ird s b e fo re th e p u b l i c ; th u s , as h e
h um b ly tru s ts , a d d in g h is m ite to th e t r e a s u ry o f s c ientific k n ow le d g e .
I n r e n d e r in g th e se f ig u re s as p e r f e c t as p o s s ib le , n e i th e r e x p e n s e n o r la b o u r h a s b e e n s p a r e d :
th e a tte n tio n o f th e A u th o r h a s b e e n d ir e c te d n o t o n ly to g e n e r a l fo rm a n d c o lo u r, Im t also to
th e a c c u r a te d e lin e a tio n o f th o s e m in u tite , th e om issio n o f w h ic h is to o o fte n o b s e rv a b le in
illu s tr a tio n s o f Z o o lo g y .
T h e h ig h a n d e x te n s iv e p a tro n a g e w h ic h in th e p u b lic a tio n o f th is h is f ir s t w o rk th e A u th o r
h a s re c e iv e d , h e b e g s to a c k n ow le d g e w ith th e m o s t liv e ly g r a t i tu d e ; a n d sh o u ld th e s u p p o r t o f
th e p u b lic , w h ic h h a s a lr e a d y e x c e e d e d h is m o s t s a n g u in e e x p e c ta tio n s , e n c o u ra g e h im a t a
f u tu r e p e r io d to g iv e a d d itio n a l illu s tr a tio n s in th e O rn ith o lo g y o f tiiis o r a n y o th e r c o u n try ,
h e p le d g e s h im s e lf th a t n o e x e r tio n sh a ll b e w a n tin g o n h is p a r t to r e n d e r th em w o r th y th e
p a tro n a g e o f th e s c ientific p u b lic , a n d a tte s t th e s in c e r ity o f h is g r a titu d e fo r th a t w h ic h h e
h a s a lr e a d y re c e iv ed .
A m o n g th e m a n y w h o c la im h is th a n k s , th e A u th o r fe e ls h im s e lf in d e b te d in a n espe c ia l
m a n n e r to N . A. V ig o rs , E sq . M .P ., fo r w h o s e k in d n e s s o n th is a n d a ll oc c a sions h e r e tu r n s
h is w a rm e s t a c k n ow le d g em e n ts . B y th a t g e n tlem a n th e o r ig in a ls o f th e s e illu s tr a tio n s w e re
laid b e fo re th e S c ien tific M e e tin g s o f th e Z o o lo g ic a l S o c ie ty ; a n d b y h im n o t o n ly th e
n om e n c la tu r e , b u t a lso th e , a c c om p a n y in g le tte r -p r e s s d e s c rip tio n s w e r e lib e r a lly co n triliu te d .
T h e A u th o r b eg s a lso to r e tu r n h is g r a te fu l a c k n ow le d g em e n ts to th e F lo n . C. J . S h o r e , fo r
th e in fo rm a tio n h e h a s a ffo rd ed re la tiv e to th e h a b its a n d lo c a litie s o f m a n y o f th e spe c ie s, a n d
fo r th e v a lu a b le M S S ., c o n ta in in g o r ig in a l o b s e rv a tio n s o n th e O rn ith o lo g y o f th e H im a la y a
m o u n ta in s , w h ic h h e h a s p la c e d a t th e A u th o r ’s disp o sa l.
As i t re sp e c ts th e o rig in a ls , th e A u th o r b e g s to say th a t th e p u b lic w ill n ow fin d th em am o n g
th e e x ten s iv e co lle c tio n o f th e Z o o lo g ic a l S o c ie ty , its C o u n c il h a v in g clone h im th e h o n o u r to
a c c e p t a n d d ep o s it th em in th e S o c ie ty ’s M u s e um , w h e r e th e y m a y b e av a ila b le fo r th e
p u rp o s e s o f sc ienc e , a n d o p e n to th e in sp e c tio n o f th o s e w h o a r e in te r e s te d in th e s tu d y o f
Z o o lo g y .
J O H N G O U L D .