toothed or sub-labiate. Style exserted, acute, hispid at
the apex. Achcenia elongated, more or less beaked.
Pappus several series, pilose, rough.—Herbs or undershrubs.
Leaves alternate, usually perforated with large
pellucid glands. Involucre often bluish purple, 1 series,
scales at first cohering at the base. Receptacle naked,
punctuate. Corolla dull purple. Nepaul, Phillipine
Islands.
Sub-tribe. A n t h em id e e . Capitida usually heteroga-
mous, radiate or discoid, lignite female or neuter. Anthers
ecaudate. Branches o f the style truncated, bearded, very
rarely surmounted by a cone. Achtenia angled, terete, or
obcompressed in the ray. Pappus none or crown-like,
rarely consisting o f squameUte or capillary hairs. Leaves
usually alternate.
Div. I . E u a n t h em id e e . Receptacle paleaceous. Cap-
itula radiate.
67. A c h il l e s (Lin. Neek. D. C. Prod. 6-24). Capi-
tula many-flowered, heterogamous; ray florets 4-6
female, ligulate; disk ones tubular, hermaphrodite, 5-
toothed. Tube of the corolla obcompressed. Achcenia
oblong, obcompressed, bald, not winged, but nerved on
the margins.—Perennial herbs with alternate leaves.
Capitula corymbose. Involucre ovate oblong, imbricating.
Receptacle narrow, flattish, or elongated,
rachis-like. Ray white, yellow, purple, ochre-coloured.
Kemaon.
Div. II. C h r y sa n th em e e . Receptacle epaleaceous.
Capitula radiate.
68. M a trica ria (Lin. D. C. 6-50). Capitula heterogamous,
ray ligulate 1 series, female; disk hermaphrodite,
4-5-toothed, tube terete. Achaenia wingless, angled,
surmounted by a large epigynous disk, usually
bald, rarely furnished with a crown-like pappus.—Annuals
with much divided leaves; branches naked, 1-
cephalous. Involucre imbricated, several series. Receptacle
large, naked, ovato-conicaL Disk yellow,
ray white. Cashmere. \
69. P y re thrum (Gaertn. D. C. 6-53). Differs from
the preceding in the achaenia not being surmounted by
an epigynous disk, but furnished with a crown-like,
often toothed or auricle-like pappus equal to its diameter.—
Annuals or perennials, leaves alternate, dentate,
or lobed. Involucre campanulate, scales scariose on
the margin. Receptacle'flat, naked or sometimes brac-
teolate. Disk yellow, ray white or yellow. [To this
genus Chrysanthemum Indicum, of the gardens, belongs.]
India generally, one Cashmere.
70. C hrysanthemum (D. C. 6-63). This genus differs
from the two preceding in having the achsenia of
the ray 3-winged, two lateral and the 3d on the interior
side; those of the disk roundish, with a short wing on
the interior side.—Herbs or shurbs. Ligulse white or
yellow, or white with a yellow tube. Disk yellow or
rarely purple. Bengal.
71. A r t em is ia (Lin. D. C. 6-93, R. W. Icon. 1111—
12). Capitula discoid, homogamous or heterogamous;
florets of the circumference 1 series, usually female, 3—
toothed, with a long, exserted, bifid style; of the centre
5-toothed, hermaphrodite, or male by abortion. Achas-
nia obovate, bald, with a minute, epigynous disk.—Herbaceous
or suflruticose; leaves alternate, variously
lobed; capitula spicate or racemose. Involucre imbricated;
scales dry on the margin. Receptacle epaleaceous,
naked or hairy. Flowers yellow or purple.
Plants more or less bitter and aromatic. Widely distributed.
Alpine in their predilections.
72. Cro sso st e ph ium (Less. D. C. 6-172). Capitula
many-flowered, heterogamous; ray florets female, several
series, filiform, scarcely denticulate, larger at the
base ; the rest hermaphrodite, fertile, cylindrical, large,
5-toothed. Achaenia angled, wingless. Pappus numerous,
minute, unequal, semilanceolate palese.—A whitish,
tomentose shrub with alternate, firm, 3-lob ed, cuniate
leaves. Capitula globose or racemose. Involucre campanulate,
several series. Receptacle naked, conical.
Flowers yellow. Phillipines, China, Canton.
73. T anacetum (Less. D. C. 6-127). Capitula homo-
or heterogamous ; one row or 3-4-toothed, female florets
in the circumference, those of the disk 4-5-toothed.
Achsenia angled, glabrous, with a large epigynous
disk. Pappus none or membranaceous, crown-like.-jb-
Herbs or shrubs, leaves variously divided. Capitula
solitary or corymbose, globose. Involucre campanulate,
imbricated. Receptacle naked, convex. Flowers
yellow. Himalayas, Nepaul, Kemaon.
74. M yriogyne (Less. D. C. 6-139). Capitula heterogamous
; marginal florets many series, female, tubular,
scarcely dentate; central few, hermaphrodite, 4-toothed,
with a short tube~and campanulate limb. Achsenia
angled, wingless, epappose.—Very ramous, diffuse herbs:
with alternate, obovate, dentate leaves. Capitula small,
first terminal, afterwards lateral. Involucre 2 series.
Receptacle naked, convex. Flowers yellow. Properties
acrid and sternutatory. Extensively diffused, procumbent,
inconspicuous herbs.
75. S ph e r o m o r ph e a (D. C. 6-140). Capitula heterogamous
; marginal florets many series, female, scarcely
dentate; central few, 4-toothed. Style bulbous at the
base. Achsenia cylindrical, striated, epappose.—4>e-
cumbent herbs with alternate leaves. Capitula globose,
depressed, axillary. Involucre campanulate, 2-3 series,
longer than the flowers. Receptacle naked [D. C. asks
if this is sufficiently distinct from Myriogyne]. Peninsula,
Cochin China.
76. M a chlis (D. C. 6-140). Capitula heterogamous;
marginal florets many series, not furnished with a
corolla ? or very minute. Central ones numerous.
Corolla obconicalj 4-toothed. Stigmas bearded at the
apex. Achsenia terete, sub-angled, sub-glandulose; of
the marginal flowers bidentate, of the centre truncated
at the apex.—Herbs with alternate, multifid, pinnate
leaves. Capitula pedicelled, axillary. Involucre 2
series. Receptacle naked, punctulate. Bengal, Khassia,
Nepaul.
Sub-tribe. Gn a ph a l ie e . Capitula homogamous or
heterogamous discoid, very, rarely radiate, sometimes 1-
Jlowered. Anthers caudate. Achtenia. crowned with a
pilose or setaceous pappus, very rarely bald. Leaves
usually alternate.
Div. III. H e d ic h r y s e e . Capitula not glomerulate,
receptacle epaleaceous.
77. H elichrysum (D. C. 6-169, R. W. Icon. 1113).
Capitula sometimes homogamous, florets all hermaphrodite,
5-toothed, sometimes heterogamous ; marginal
florets often very few, 1 series, female. Achaenia
beakless, sessile, with a terminal areola. Pappus 1
series, setae roughish not plumose.—Herbs or shrubs
with alternate leaves. Involucre imbricated, scales
scariose, interior ones connivent or radiant Receptacle
flat, epaleaceous, naked, areolate, or fimbrUiferous.
Involucre white, purple, or yellow. Corolla yellow or
purple. Neilgherries, Ceylon, Cochin China.
78. Gnaphalium (Don. D. C. 6-221, R. W. Icon.
1X14-15). Capitula heterogamous; florets all tubular,
marginal ones many series, female; disk ones hermaphrodite.
Achænia somewhat terete, sub-pappillose.
Pappus 1 series, scarcely rough.—Herbaceous or suflru-
ticose, generally woolly or tomentose plants. Capitula
often disposed in glomerules, terminal or axillary, fascicled,
corymbose, or spicate. Involucra white, red, purple
or yellow. Widely diffused, alpine plants, from the
Himalayas to Ceylon.
79. F ilago (Toum. D. C. 6-247). Capitula heteroga-
mous: marginal florets numerous, on an elongated, filiform
receptacle, the apex only dilated and bearing a
few male or hermaphrodite flowers. Achsenia terete,
papillose. Pappus of the central ones setose, filiform,
of the margin wanting or dissimilar.—Tomentose herbs.
Capitula axillary or aggregated on the ends of the
branches, small. [There is a discrepancy between this
generic character and that of F. prostrata, the central
florets of that species being without pappus, the marginal
ones having it: neither do I find paleae on the
receptacle of that species.] Like the preceding, but
also extends to the plains.
Div. V. A n t e n n a r ie e . Capitula dioicous, not glomerate.
Style o f the male florets simple, receptacle epaleaceous
or the margin only paleaceous.
80. An t en n a r ia (Brown D. C. 6-269). Capitula
dioicous or sub-dioicous, with an alveolate, convex receptacle.
Female florets filiform, 5-toothed; male,
anthers half exserted. Achsenia terete. Pappus 1
series, setae of the female flowers filiform, of the male
clavate.—Herbaceous or suflruticose. Capitula corymbose.
Involucre imbricated, variously coloured at the
apex or scariose, never yellow. Flowers yellow.
Himalayas.
8J- Anaphalis (D. C. 6-271, R. W. Icon. 478-1116,
17,18, 19). Capitula heterogamous, discoid ; marginal
florets few or many series, female; disk ones hermaphrodite,
sterile, 5-toothed. Styles of the marginal
florets long, exserted, bifid, of the disk undivided, obtuse.
Achænia glabrous, obcompressed, sessile, eros-
trate. Pappus 1 series, uniform, bristles rough not
clavate.—Herbaceous or suflruticose, woolly or tomen-
tose Plants, stems sometimes 1-cephalous, oftener poly-
cephalous, corymbose. Scales of the involucre niveo-
scariose, lanceolate, several series, the middle ones with
a brownish claw. Receptacle convex, alveolate. Al-
prne plants, Himalayas, Neilgherries, Khassia Mountains,
Ceylon.
82. L eontopodium (Brown D. C. 6-275). Capitula
heterogamous; ray florets female, 1 or several series,
3-4-denticuIate; disk ones bisexual-sterile, infundibuli-
form, 5-toothed, with the style clavate at the apex.
Achsenia cylindrico-compressed. Pappus of the female
barbellate, of the sterile flowers usually clavate.—
Perennial mountain herbs, woolly-tomentose; leaves
oblong or the lower one obovate. Capitula terminal,
umbellato-corymbose, middle capitulum of the central
corymb sessile; the female flowers 1 series, ebracteolate,
earlier; the lateral ones short pedicelled, females many
series, furnished with a woolly, foliaceous bractea, therefore
glomerulate, bound by radiating floral leaves.
Scales of the involucre adpressed, woolly. Receptacle
convex, foveolate [apparently scarcely distinct from the
preceding]. Himalayas.
Div. VII. R e l h a n ie e . Capitula many-flowered rarely
few-flowered, homogamous or radiate. Receptacle epaleaceous.
Pappus none or crown-like.
83. Ca r pe s ium (Lin. D. C. 6-281, R. W. Icon. 1120).
Capitula heterogamous, discoid; marginal florets female,
several series, disk, hermaphrodite. Anthers caudate.
Branches of the style terete, obtuse, sub-glabrous.
Achaenia oblong, compressed, rostrate; rostrum beset
with viscid glands. Pappus none.—Herbaceous, erect
plants with alternate leaves. Capitula solitary on the
ends of the branches. Involucre many series, imbricate,
exterior ones sometimes foliaceous. Flowers
yellow. Himalayas, Neilgherries.
Sub-tribe. S e n e c io n e e . Capitula homogamous or
heterogamous, discoid or radiate. Anthers ecaudate.
Achtenia crowned with setaceous or pilose pappus, rarely
wanting, the marginal ones sometimes bald. Leaves
alternate.
Div. II. E r e c h t h it e e . Receptacle epaleaceous. Capitula
discoid, heterogamous; florets o f the ray tubular,
female.
84. C remocephalum (Cass. D. C. 6-297). Capitula
heterogamous, marginal florets few, filiform, female.
Branches of the style crowned with a short, hispid cone.
Achsenia terete, 10-ribbed. Pappus pilose, soft, several
series.—Herbs, branches long, naked 1-cephalous. Involucre
many-leaved, not imbricated, calyculate. Receptacle
fimbriliferous, afterwards becoming, with the
base of the involucre, thickened; flowers purple. India—
where ? Mauritius.
Div. III. E u s e n e c io n e e . Receptacle epaleaceous.
Capitula either homogamous, discoid or radiate. Cotyledons
flat.
85. G ynura (Cass. D. C. 6-298, R. W . Icon. 1121-
22). Capitula discoid, homogamous. Base of the tube
of the corolla corneus. Branches of the style produced
into a long, hispid appendage, usually exserted. Achsenia
terete, striated, beakless. Pappus many series,
filiform, scarcely barbellate.—Herbaceous or shrubby
plants; with corymbose capitula. Involucre cylindrical,
1 series, calyculate at the base with subulate bracts.
Receptacle flat, alveolate. Flowers white. Alpine
plants, Himalayas, Khassia Mountains, Neilgherries,
Ceylon.
K