miles northward.of the Orange River; arè still superior to the
Amakosah in arts and civilization. They inhabit large towns
TfeH-built hoaxes,. cultivate the ground, and lay up Stores!
“ In their physiognomy, also, they rise a degree above the
Amakosah; their complexion is of a brighter brown; their
features more European, and often beautiful.”
- “'As we proceed north-eastward from the country of the
Batclapls, the most southern of the Bechuana tribes, along
the elèvated tract which: limitsthe basin of the Gariep, we
find the improvement of the inhabitants increasing.,- In thé
country of the Tammahas, Mr. Campbell saw fields-of corn
several hundred acres in extent, near the town of Mashow,
which contains ten thousand people; and in another plain a
cultivated tract not less than twenty miles in circumference;
Among the Murutsi, one hundred and sixty geographical
miles north-east by east of JLitaku, he was surprised! by the
appearance of progress in arts and industry. . The Mutótsi.
cultivate sugar and tobacco, manufacture razors and kniwliiaif
iron almost steel, build their houses with masonry, and ornament
them with pillars and mouldings.
“ Beyond the Murutsi, according to information furnished
by the natives, towards the north-easter east, are the Mh,c^
quaina, a numerous people, surpassing the Murutsi in health
and numbers. The Murutsi and other southern tribes obtain
from the Macquaina beads, the money ofthe Country/ which
are obtained by the latter people from the Mollaquam, who
live near the great water, or derived in commerce from the
Mahalasely, a great nation situated to the north-east of the
Macquaina. The Mahalasely, as well as their neighboursihe
Mafèebeylai, are of a brown complexion and have long hair.
They wear clothes, ride on elephants, -climb into their houses,
‘ and,are gods/ This last expression/* says the author, “ is
usually applied to Europeans, with whom the Mahalasely are
thus placed upon a level. All the nations, from the Murutsi
to the Mahalasely, have the art of mitigating the virulence of
small-pox by inoculating, between the eyes.”*
The Murutsi, Macquaina, and Wankitsi, are said to trade
Campbell, i. p. 163.
with »the Damaras oil -the western boast of Africa, and it is
pr0bw>Pe thatrtheir; neighbours towards the north-east, the
Sekefay, Bamangwhttrj ‘■'and Mahalasely,. mahtain a commercial
i®breph&«@with tn^empirifof Mbnoihotapa.
■p^Prorh vari'ou^stafemeiits^deia\ e<l fiofn tbe reports of native's*
and o t h e r " o o n ^ U i f l e c l by Mr. Cooley,
'that .the mdst'ciViliz^d^nk^^’bFSouth A'ffiea are situated at
no gfeat'.distance from Dalagph-Bay. On the route from Kur-
richane,* the .'capital ^©f’ the ward to Dalagoa
Bay, seven' large toVvi^a^^SinaW^urney 'of eight days, viz.
Seventy off df^lny »population- of
fhei country southward of the Bazaruto Islands’,1 andlfjhchmg
to the limits 8$ ;t*lp Cape colony, to be n Of less' than two millions'.
“ But these limits,” he! oI%rvesi sinai of to be considered
as- the boundaries of the race, language, or commerce
jofJ‘the tribes Tjel'oi^fglfco the Kafiyian stock, which," iii fact,
extend across the whole continent, from one ocean to the other,
and towards the north far beyond the Zambesi River.”f-
*[[ 4. The Damaras.
The Damaras are a people of the Kafir face, who inhabit
the coast of the Atlantic northward of Great Namaaqualand.
They are separated from the Bechuana .tribes, to the eastward
by an extensive, arid desert. They speak a dialect similar to
that of" the Bechuaiias, and might5 perhaps be considered as
& part of that nation.
■ They live in villages like the Bechuanas : thfe' clans nearest
to the colony are named Ghoup, Nevis, Gamaqua, and Kurars,
which are not their native appellations. They cultivate their
Country, which is fertilej with millet and-beans, have numerous
flocks, abundance of wild animals in their,forests, and manufacture
the native copper-ore of their country. A large river,
which discharges itself into the Atlantic in latitude twenty-
two, is supposed to flow through their land.J
* The chief town of the Murfitsi is- Kurrichane, two hundred and fifty miles
from -In t& k d , according to Mr. Campbell, who visited it ., j!
T Geograph. Journal, ibid. $ Thompson, vol. ii. p. 74.