[178 8 ;
n o t affe cted b y th is red u c tion . T h e ce lla r b e in g completed and re a d y
fo r the re c ep tion o f th e fp ir its that w e r e on board th e F ifh b u rn , they:
were- landed from th a t f h ip ; and ih e , b e in g cleared and d ifch a rg ed
from g o v e rnm en t em p lo y , h o v e d o w n ,'a r id prepared fo r h e r re tu rn t o
E n g la n d .
A g a n g o f coftvidts w e r e em p lo y ed in r o llin g tim b e r together,, to
fo rm a b r id g e o v e r the ftream at th e head o f th e c o v e ; and fu ch o th e r
p u b lic w o r k s as w e r e in h an d w e n t on as u fu a l ; th o fe em p lo y e d on
th em in g en e ra l b a r e ly e x e r tin g them fe lv e s b e y o n d w h a t w a s n e ce ffa ry
to a v o id im m ed ia te p u n ilhm en t fo r idlenefs.
A w a r ran t h a v in g ab ou t th is tim e be en gran ted b y th e g o v e rn o r , f o r
th e p u rp o fe o f a lfem b lin g a g en e ra l co u r t-m a r tia l, a defedt was. d ifc o -
v e r e d in the m a r in e m u tin y adit; and it was determined b y th e officers,
th a t, as marine officer s, th e y co u ld n o t fit u n d e r a n y o th e r than a w a r ran
t from th e L o rd s C om m iffion e rs o f th e A dm ira lty . T h e m a r in e s
a re fo fa r diftindt from his M a je f ty ’ s land fo rce s , th a t w h ile on ffio re
in a n y p art o f his M a je f ty ’ s d om in ion s , th e y are regulated b y an adb
o f p a r liam en t paffed e x p r e fs ly fo r th e ir g u id a n c e ; and w h e n it w a s
fo u n d n e ce ffa ry to em p lo y a corp s o f marines d u r in g th e late w a r in
A r r ie r ic a , th e y w e r e in c lu d ed in th e m u tin y adit paffed fo r his M a je f ty ’s
fo r c e s em p lo y e d in th a t c o u n t ry . T h is p ro v ifio n h a v in g b e en n e -
gledited o n th e depa rture o f th e e x p e d it io n fo r this c o u n t r y , and n o t
b e in g d ifco v e red u n til th e v e r y in ftan t w h e n it was w a n ted , all th a t
co u ld b e d one w a s to ftate th e ir fitu ation to th e g o v e rn o r , w h ic h th e y
d id on th e 1 3 th , and a t th e fame tim e req u e fted , “ T h a t th e y m ig h t
“ be u n d e r fto od to be ad tin g o n ly in co n fo rm ity w i th an adit o f th e
“ B r itifh leg ifla tu re , paffed e x p r e fs ly fo r th e ir re g u la tion w h ile o n
“ fh o re in a n y p a r t o f h is M a je f ty ’s d omin ion s ; and th a t th e y had no t
“ in a n y f f ia p e b e e n w a n t in g in th e refpedb th a t be lon g ed to th e h ig h
“ a u th o r ity o f h is M a je f ty ’ s com m iffion , o r to th e o fficer in v e fted w i th
“ it in th is c o u n t r y .”
O n th e 2 4 th a p a r ty o f nativ e s, m e e tin g a co n v id t w h o h ad ftraggled
from th e fe ttlem en t to a fen ce th a t fom e p eo p le w e r e m a k in g fo r th e
p u rp o fe o f in c lo fin g fto ck , th r ew fe v e ra l fp ears at h im ; but, fo r tu
n a te ly , w i th o u t d o in g h im a n y in ju r y . T h e g o v e rn o r , on b e in g
mad e acqua in ted w i th th e c ircum ftan ce , im m e d ia te ly w e n t te the fp os
w i th
w i th an armed p a r t y , w h e r e fom e o f them b e in g heard am o n g th e
buffie s , th e y w e r e fired a t ; it h a v in g n ow b e com e ab folu te ly n e c e ffa ry
to com p e l th em to k e ep at a grea te r d iftance from th e fe ttlem eht.
. C H A P . V .
SETTLEMENT OF ROSE HILL.— THE GOLDEN GROVE RETURNS FROM NORFOLK
ISLAND.--- THE STORESHIPS SAIL FOR ENGLAND.----TRANSACTIONS*
--- JAMES DALEY TRIED AND EXECUTED FOR HOUSEBREAKING.— BOTANY
BAY EXAMINED BY THE ’GOVERNOR.----A CONVICT FOUND DEAD IN THE
WOODS.— CHRISTMAS DAY.----A NATIVE TAKEN AND BROUGHT UP TO THE
SETTLEMENT.— ^WEATHER.— CLIMATE.— REPORT OF DEATHS FROM THE
DEPARTURE OF THE FLEET FROM ENGLAND TO THE. 3 IS T OF DECEMBER.
1788.
n
N o v em b e r .] T H E m on th o f N o v em b e r com m enc ed w i th th e efta*-
b lilhm en t o f a fe ttlem en t at th e h e a d o f th e harb ou r . O n th e 2 d , h is
e x c e lle n c y th e g o v e rn o r w e n t up t o th e C re fc en t, w i th th e fu r v e y o r -
g en e ra l, tw o officers, and a fmall p a r ty o f m ar in e s , to ch o o fe th e fp o t ,
an d to m a rk ou t th e g ro u n d fo r a red o u b t and o th e r n e ce ffa ry b u i ld in
g s ; and tw o d a y s after a p a r ty o f ten co n v id ts j b e in g ch ie fly p eop le
w h o u n d e r fto od th e b u fin e fs o f cu ltiv a tio n , w e r e fen t u p to h im , an d
a fp ot u p o n a r ifin g g r o u n d , w h ic h his e x c e lle n c y named R o fe H i l l ,
in com p lim en t to G . R o fe e fq . o n e o f th e fecretaries o f th e tr e a fu ry ,
w a s ordered to be c leared fo r th e firft hab itations. T h e fo il at th is fp o t
w a s o f a. f t i f f c la y e y n a tu r e , fre e from th a t r o c k w h ic h e v e r y w h e r e
co v e red th e furfa ce at S y d n e y C o v e , w e l l clothed, w i th tim b e r , and
unobftrudted b y u n d e rw o o d .
1 T h e p a r ty o f conv id ts h a v in g , d u r in g the: cou r fe o f th e m on th , be en
g ra d u a lly inc reafed , th e fub a lte rn ’ s com m an d w a s au gmen ted b y a
cap tain w i th an ad d ition al n um b e r o f p r iv a te m e n ; and it .b e ing
fo u n d n e ce ffa ry that th e com m an d in g officer Ihou Id be v e ile d w i th
c iv il p ow e r and au th o r ity fu ffic ien t to in flic t co rp o ral p u n ilhm en t o a
th e