fo rm e r w e r e m u ch w an ted fo r la b o u r , and the la tte r fo r a ch an g e o f
f o o d ; fo r it is ce rta in that fh e ep breed there as w e l l as in a n y p a r t o f
th e w o r ld , and h a v e no t as y e t been fu b jc c t to th e d iflemp ers com m on
to th a t kind o f flo c k . T h e B en g a l ew e s y e a n tw ic e in th e th ir te en
m on th s , and h a v e c om m o n ly tw o , o ften th re e , an d fometimes fo u r
lam b s at a y e a n in g ; and thefe h a v e increafed fo m u ch , b y b e in g
erod ed w ith th e C ap e ram, th a t a lam b f ix w e e k s o ld is n o tv as la rge
as on e o f th e o ld ewes.
T h e go ats to o are e x t r em e ly p ro lific , and g en e ra lly breed th r ic e in
th e y e a r , h a v in g c om m o n ly from tw o to fo u r k id s at a time .
A n y n um b e r o f fh e ep and g o a ts , and a la rg e q u a n tity o f eattle
m ig h t b e bred h e re , as th e cleared g ro u n d affords th e beft o f p a flu r e
fo r th o fe fpecies o f flo c k . B u t it w i ll be a lo n g tim e b e fo re the p re -
fen t f lo c k w i ll be o f m u ch tife , u n le fs m ore are fent thither.
T h e w a n t o f ar tificers o f all d eferip tions, and th e fc a r c ity o f labourers
at p u b lic w o r k , m u ch retarded th e co n flru& io n o f a n um be r
o f n e c e fla ry bu ild in g s . T h e ifland poffeffed th e b e l l o f Hone, lim e ,
an d t im b e r ; bu t, u n fo r tu n a te ly , there n e v e r h ad been b u t one mafon
(a m arin e fe ttle r) o n th e ifland.
A t Ca fcade B a y a. g rea t ad v an tage had been ^obtained in the co n -
f lr u f t io n o f a v e r y flr o n g w h a r f, o n e hun d red and tw e n ty - f ix fe e t
lo n g , w h ic h connedts th e fh o re w i th th e .landing ro ck . A t th e end
o f it is a fw in g in g crane and c ap fle rn , b y w h ic h boats - are lo ad ed and
u n lo ad ed w ith the h e a v ie fl a r t ic le s ; and in bad w e a th e r are h o ille d up
w i th p erfedt fa fe ty .
N e a r th is w h a r f, a la rg e fto reh ou fe , and barracks fo r the gu a rd , are
b u ilt. O n e o f th e grea t ad vantages atten d in g th is w o r k is, th a t n o
niffe need be ru n b y fhips k e e p in g in S y d n e y B a y , as th e la n d in g is
g en e r a lly g o o d at Ca fcade B a y , w h e n it becomes in th e le a fl d egree
hazardous at th e fo rm e r place. A n d he re it m a y be n o ticed , that no
ca fu a lty b y boats had hap pened fince th e lie u ten an t-g o v e rn o r ’s a r r iv al
in 1 7 9 1 .
T h e u tility o f a w e ll-c on flru d led wa te r -m ill is fu ffic ien tly obvious.
F rom an ad d ition o f th re e fe e t .to th e h e ig h t o f th e dam, it g ro u n d
tw e n t y bufhels o f w h e a t d a i l y ; w h ic h h ad rem o ved th e grea t in con v
e n ie n c e o f e v e r y man b e in g o b lig ed to g r in d his o w n ra tion b efore
it
it cou ld be drefled. T h e abund ance o f m ill-flon e s , and the q u a n tity
o f w o o d fit fo r m illw r ig h t s ’ w o r k , w i th th e c o n v en ien t fituation o f the
d ifferent ftreams, w i ll admit o f a n y n um b e r o f w a te r -m ills b e in g
e r e fle d .
T w o w«ll-fini£hed w in d -m ills h ad alfo b e en e re c ted b y fettlers,
w h ic h an fw e red e x t r em e ly w e ll.
N o t m ore than ten fettlers had b e en able to ere£t dw e llin g s b etter
th a n lo g -h u ts , w h ic h are n e ith e r w a rm n o r d urable. B e tte r , in d e ed ,
co u ld h a rd ly be e x p e c te d , w h e n it w a s con fid e red h o w m u ch th e ir
labou r a n d a ttention m u ll h a v e be en em p lo y ed in r a ilin g fo od fo r
th e ir fam ilie s , and in p ro c u r in g fu ch ar ticles o f a c com m od a tion as th e y
needed. M a n y , h ow e v e r , o f th is as w e l l as o f o th e r deferiptions
w e r e b u ild in g com fo r ta b le fram ed and w e a th e r -b o a rd ed hab itations at
th e ir ow n e x p en s e .
O f fcho o ls th e re w e r e tw o , v iz . one fo r y o u n g ch ild ren , w h o w e re
in llru d ted b y a w om a n o f g o o d c h a r a c te r ; and th e o th e r k e p t b y a m an ,
w h o tau gh t re a d in g , w r it in g , and a r ithm e tic , fo r w h ic h h e w a s w e ll
q u a lified , and w a s v e r y attentive. A th ird in flitu tio n on a pe rman en t
fo o t in g w a s ad ded, fo r th e re c ep tion o f fu c h o rp h an fem ale ch ild ren
as had lo l l o r be en deferted b y th e ir parents. M o l l o f the fe w e r e o f
fu ch an ag e as to req u ire a flri£t hand and ca re fu l e y e o v e r th em .
U n fo r tu n a te ly th e y , as w e ll as th e o th e r ch ild ren , w e r e d eftitute o f
e v e r y ar ticle o f c lo th in g , e x c e p t fu ch as th e llo r e afford ed , w h ic h w a s
b y n o means ca lcu la ted fo r ch ild ren in th a t w a rm climate. B y th e
ap p lication o f fines im p o fed fo r breaches o f th e peace , & c . and a fu b -
fe r ip tion raifed am o n g th e officers, th e o rphan ch ild ren h ad fo r fem e
time p a ll been clo th ed , and about tw e n ty - e ig h t p oun d s remained to be
applied in th e fame m an n e r .
Hours