and th e tranfports in th e ,c o v e made tip th e fame n um b e r b e tw e en
th em , a c co rd in g to th e ir ir re g u la r method on th o fe occafions. T h e
officers o f th e n a v y and fettlement w e r e entertained b y the g o v e rn o r
at d in n e r , an d , .am ong o th e r toafts, named and fix ed th e boundaries
<5f th e firft county.\n his M a je f ty ’ s te r r ito r y o f N ew So u th W a le s .
T h i s w a s called C um b e r lan d C o u n ty , in h o n o r o f h is M a je f ty ’ s
fe con d b r o th e r ; and th e limits o f it to th e n o r thw a rd w e r e fix ed b y
th e ■ n o r th e rnm o ft p o in t o f B r o k en B a y , t o ' th e fo u thw a rd b y the
fo u th e rnm o ft p o in t o f B o ta n y B a y , and to th e w e ftw a rd b y L a n fd ow n
an d C a rm a r th en hills (th e nam e g iv e n to th e ran g e o f m ountains
Teen b y the g o v e rn o r in an e x cu r fio n to th e n o r thw a rd ) . A t fu n - fe t
th e fhips o f w a r paid th e ir laft com p lim en t to his M a je f ty b y a third
tim e fir in g tw en ty -o n e g u n s each. A t n ig h t fe v e ral bonfire? w e re
l ig h t e d ; and, b y an allow an ce o f fp ir its g iv e n on this p a r ticular
o c c a fio n , e v e r y p e r fon in th e c o lo n y w a s enabled to d r in k h is ,-M a je fty ’s
health.
S om e ,o f th e w o r ft am o n g th e c o n v id s a v a iled th em fe liy e s.of the
o p p o r tu n ity th a t w a s g iv e n th em in th e e v en in g , b y th e abfence o f
.Teveral o f th e officers and p eop le from thqir tents and huts, to com m it
depredations,, One, officer on g o in g to h is ten t fo u n d a man in it,
w h om w i th fom e ; d ifficu lty h e fe cu red , after w o u n d in g hirn w i th his
Tword. T h e ten t o f an o th e r w a s b ro k en in to , and fe v e ral articles o f
w e a r in g ap p arel fto len o u t o f i t ; and m a n y fm alle r thefts o f p rov ifion s
and c lo th in g w e r e ; com m itted am o n g th e co n v icts . Se v e ra l p e o p le
w e r e ta k en in to e u fto d y , and tw o w e r e afterw ard s tried an d e x e cuted.
O n e o f thefe h ad ab fcond ed , and liv ed in th e w o o d s fo r n ineteen d ays,
e x iftin g b y w h a t h e w a s able to p ro cu re b y n o d u rn a l depreciations
.am on g the h uts and f lo c k o f ind iv id u a ls. H is v ifits fo r th is p u rp o fe
w e r e fo freq u en t and d ar in g , th a t it became ab folu te ly n e c e lfa ry to
p roc la im h im an o u t la w , , as w e ll as to d eclare that n o p e r fon m u ll
h a rb ou r h im after ftich proc lama tion.
E x em p la r y p u nilhm ents feemed ab ou t this p e r iod to be g r o w in g
d a ily more n e ce lfa ry . S to c k w a s o ften k illed , h uts and tents b ro k e
o p en , and p ro v ifio n s co n ftan tly fto len about the la tter end o f th e
w e e k ; fo r am o n g th e co n v ic t s th e re w e r e m a n y w h o k n ew n o t h o w
to
to h ufband th e ir p ro v ifio n s th ro u g h the fe v en d a y s th e y w e r e in ten d ed
to fe rv e th em , b u t w e r e k n ow n to h a v e confirmed th e w h o le at th e
en d o f the th ird o r fo u r th d a y . O n e o f th is d e fcr iption made his
w e e k 's allow an ce o f flo u r (eight p oun d s ) in to e igh te en cakes, w h ic h
h e d e v ou red at one m e a l; h e w a s fo on a fte r ta k en fpeechlefs 'and
fen fe le fs , and died th e fo llow in g d a y at th e h o fp ita l, a lo ath fom e
p u tr id o b je d .
T h e obyiouS con feq u en c e o f th is w a n t o f c e co n om y w a s , th a t h e
w h o h ad th r e e d a y s to liv e , and n o th in g to liv e o n , b efore th e ftore
w o u ld be ag ain open! to fu p p ly h is w a n ts , muft fteal from th o fe w h o
h ad be en m ore p ro v id en t. H a d a few p e rfons been fen t o u t w h o
w e r e n o t o f th e d e fcr ip tion o f c o n v id s , to h a v e a d e d as o verfeérs,
o r fuperintendants, regulation s fo r th e ir in te rn al c e co n om y , as w e ll
in the articles o f c lo th in g as p ro v ifio n s , m ig h t h a v e b e en fo rm ed
w h ic h w o u ld h a v e p r e v en te d the fe e v i l s : it w o u ld th en to o h a v e been
m ore p rac ticab le to d 'e ted th em in fe llin g o r e x ch a n g in g th e flops
w h ic h th e y re c e iv ed , and th e ir p ro v ifio n s w o u ld h a v e been fu b je d
to a d a ily in fp è d io n . B u t overfeers d raw n from am o n g them fe lv e s
w e r e fo u n d n o t to h a v e th a t in flu en c e w h ic h w a s fo a b fo lu te ly n e-
c e ffa r y to c a r r y a n y r e g u la tion in to e f fe d . A n d a lth o u g h the c o n -
v id s , p re viou s to th e b ir th -d a y , w e r e affembled, and th e ir d u ty
p oin ted out to th em , as w e l l as th e ce rtain con fequ en ce o f a breach
o r n e g le d th e reo f, bo th b y his e x c e lle n c y th e g o v e rn o r and the
lie u ten an t-g o v e rn o r , y e t it fo on appeared th a t th e re w e r e fome am o n g
th em fo in ured to th e hab its o f v ic e , and fo callous to rem o nftranc e ,
th a t th e y w e r e o n ly reftrained un til a fa v ou rab le o p p o r tu n ity p re -
fented itfelf.
T h e c o n v id s w h o h ad been fen t to th e ro c k , in th e h o p e th a t
le n ity to th em m ig h t operate alfo u p on o th e rs , w e r e , on the occafion
o f his M a je f ty ’ s b ir th -d a y , lib erated from th e ir chains and co n fin e m
en t, and his e x c e lle n c y fo rg a v e th e offences o f w h ic h th e y had been
r e fp e d iv e ly g u ilty ,- and w h ic h had occafioned th e ir b e in g fent thither.
B y -fome ftran g e and unpardonable n e g le d in th e c o n v id w h o had
been entrufted w i t h ’th e care o f th e cattle, th e tw o bulls and fo u r
cow s w e r e lo ft in the b e g in n in g o f this month. T h e man had b e en
accuftomed. to d r iv e th em o u t d a ily to fe ek the fre fh e ft grafs and beft
F pafturagé,