
 
        
         
		are  deposited  on  no  softer  nest  than  the  chips  of  dead  wood  a t  the  bottom  afford^  The  Arabs  used  
 frequently  to  catch  the  birds  at  their  holes,  and  bring  them,  eggs  and  all,  to  us.  Their  local  name  is 
 ■ i H  ■  I W  W k M M m f m . screaming  from a 
 r r -  -  *■ -   “ « - * * headthe  
 Hoopoe,  it is  a common  bird  round  the  shores  of the Mediterranean ;  
 and  after  mentioning  th at  he  had  seen  it  at Malta,  adds  that  he  observed  .t to  be very abundant  in  Syria  
 and  says  “ In  most  accounts  o f  the  Roller's  habits,  it  is  stated  to  he  a  shy bird, frequenting woods  and  
 forests  my  experiences  of it  are exactly the reverse.  On  the Plain of Sharon, where the  distance  between  
 trees  ii  measured  by  ¿tiles,  I  have  seen  Rollers  in  the  greatest  abundance,  their  beautiful  green  bodies  
 bending the  slender  reeds  of  a swamp,  apparently waiting for deluded frogs  to make  their appearance from  
 the cool  depths  below.  I  could certainly have  shot  twenty  in  a day without  ex c tin g  myself ■ D   
 Mr. Wright states  th at  a t Malta it I  appears  annually in  spring and autumn,  sometimes  .„  small flocks  of  
 five  or six.  I t  is  common  in April  or May,  a   few lingering  till June.  An  instance  ,s  recorded  o  a  patr  
 breeding in  n ruined  house  in  an  unfrequented pa rt of  the  country.  It ts  often  called  the  Jay,  or Blue Jay, 
 bv English  residents  and visitors.”  ..  ,  H I 
 Lord Lilford  informs  us  “ that  it  arrives in Corfu in  great  numbers  about  the  mtddle  of Aprd  but onjy  
 remains  for  a  few days.  I t  breeds  on  the  mainland.  I  fonnd  a  nest  in  the  walls  o f  a  rumed  house  a t  
 Delvino  in May  1857.  The  birds  had  quite  lost  their  timidity,  and  flew  round  my  head  chattermg  and  
 screaming  as  I  approached  the  nest, which  I  suspect  was  an  old  one  of  some  other  bird  I  discovered  
 another  nest  in  June  of  the  same year,  in  the  banks  of  the Kataito River  near the  village  of Mursyah.  
 this instance the nest was  in  a  hole  in  the bank, and consisted  of a few twtgs  carelessly  put together. 
 D r  Heuglin mentions  that  it  is  “  very numerous  in October and November  in  the woody marshes  
 Somali  coast.  Here  locusts  abounded,  and many birds  were feeding  eagerly on  them.  Specimens  were 
 shot on  the island  of Deber  in  the Bed Sea on  the 29th  of July.”  ■  _ 
 In  Savoy  where it  is  known  by the  names  of  Jay-Parrakeet  and African  Jay,  on  account of  the  nuxtnre  
 of  bine  and  green  colouring  in  its  plumage,  and  its  being  known  to  come from  that  country  ,t   appears  
 twice a  year—in the spring from  the  commencement  of April  to  the middle  of May,  an  again  rom  
 of August to  the  beginning  of October, when  it retires  to  its  winter  quarters:  a t  this  latter  season  young  
 birds  are mostly seen,  and adults  are very rare.  I t  generally  appears  one a t a  time  which  is the reason of  
 its being  regarded  as a  wild  bird  peculiar  to Africa.  In  the  spring  it  is  occastonally met with  in  couples,  
 and in  the autumn in  small  bands.  During its  spring passage a  few  remain  among  the  
 willows  which  border  the  lakes,  ponds,  rivers,  and m arshes;  here  .t  perches  among  the branches ,  and if  
 descends  to  the ground,  it is  to visit  the freshly tilled fields and meadows  in  search  of worms  
 crickets,  snails,  and  small frogs.  In the autumn it  is more frequently fonnd  in  the  thick wood and  the httle-  
 frequented  sides  of the lower mountains ;  it  there feeds  on  larvm,  caterpillars,  and various kinds of  insects  
 pulpy fruits,  and berries.  Vieillot says,  its  cry is  sonorous,  and the  specific name  of garrula,  assigned  to 
 by Linnaeus,  indicates  that  it is  a  chatterer.  M H H H 
 I t will  have  been  observed  that  by some  persons  this  bird  has  been  described as  shy  and distrustful,  and  
 by  others of habits  and  disposition  directly  opposite ;  I  suspect that where  undisturbed the latter descripttoi.  
 applies,  and  the  former  is  due  to  the  persecution  to which  it  has  been  subjected  consequent  upon mans 
 desire  to  possess an object of so much  beauty.  H H B 
 Like  the  members  of  the  genus Eurystomus,  it  is  noisy and  garrulous,  particularly  during  the breed,ng-  
 season  Although  a forest Joving bird, it evinces a  preference for those trees which  skirt open plains  or  great  
 glades';  here it perches  on  the high  dead  branches,  and  thence sallies forth  to  capture  any passing  insect. 
 The  situations  selected for nesting are very  similar to those resorted to  by  the Euryslom,,  namely hollows  
 in  the  branches  and  boles o f  trees.  Here  it  lays  on  the  bare wood  its  three  or four pure wh.te-eggs,  the  
 shining  character of  which  reminds  us o f  those of  the  Kingfisher,  to  which  group  of  birds  the  Roller  is  
 somewhat allied.  They appear to vary  in  shape;  for Mr. Wolley mentions  that  he has fonnd  them  to differ 
 in  this  respect even  in  the  same  nest.  .  .  ..  , 
 The accompanying  Plate, which  furnishes  an  accurate  illustration  of  an  adult  male,  renders  a   detailed  
 description of that sex unnecessary.  The female, which is  represented  in  the  reduced figure,  differs  in  being  
 somewhat  paler  and  in  having  a wash  of grey  over the  chestnut-red  of  the  back,  hut  when  old  is  very like  
 the  male ;  the  young  merely  differ in  being  somewhat paler than the  female. 
 tllli lliliiilllk lili lili! till ill